Table of Content

  

10 April 2016
Volume 54 Issue 4

Role of liraglutide in the repair of spinal cord injury

LI Hongzhi, LIU Jing, SONG Yan, CHI Lingyi, LIU Yuguang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  1-5.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1097

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Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of liraglutide in the repair of spinal cord injury(SCI)in rats. Methods A total of 48 rat models of clip compressive SCI were established and then divided into 2 groups: liraglutide treatment group(n=24)and normal control group(n=24), which were injected with liraglutide(0.12 mg/kg, 0.5 mL)and physiological saline(0.5 mL)respectively after the operation. The apoptosis of neurocytes was detected with TUNEL method on day 2 after operation, the expressions of interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 were detected with Western blotting protein imprinting technology on day 3, the structure of injured spinal cord tissue was observed with HE staining on day 14, and the BBB score of hind limbs of rats behavior were recorded from day 3 to day 28. Results The rate of cell apoptosis, expression of inflammatory factors, and cavity area of the liraglutide treatment group were lower than those of the control group(all P<0.05), while the BBB scores of both hind limbs were higher than those in the control group at the same period(P<0.05). Conclusion Liraglutide treatment after spinal cord injury may reduce cell apoptosis acute inflammation, and is conducive to the late repair of nerve cells and the recovery of motor function.

Effect of X-ray on the activity of MMP-2 and Cho/Cr ratio of U87 glioma multicellular spheroid

XU Yanjie, CUI Yi, LI Hongxia, SHI Wenqi, LI Fuyan, WANG Jianzhen, ZENG Qingshi

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  6-10.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1000

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Objective To establish the U87 glioma multicellular spheroid(MCS)model and to explore the effect of various dosages of X-ray on the activity of MMP-2 and water-soluble metabolites of U87 glioma multicellular spheroids. Methods The U87 glioma MCS model was established and irradiated by X-ray of 0, 1, 5 and 10 Gy. The 0 Gg group served as the control group. Perchloric acid extracting(PCA)method was used to extract water-soluble metabolites, including choline(Cho), creatine(Cr), and N-acetylaspartate(NAA), which were observed using in vitro 14.7T high resolution ¹H-MRS. The MMP-2 expression in U87 MCS model was detected with gelatin zymography. Results U87 glioma MCS model was established successfully. With the increase of X-ray doses, the Cho/Cr ratio rose from 2.74±0.02(1 Gy), 4.32±0.17(5 Gy)to 4.92±0.07(10 Gy); compared with the control group(2.10±0.29), the Cho/Cr ratio increased in the other groups［P=0.033(1 Gy), P=0.000(5 Gy), P=0.000(10 Gy)］. Compared with the control group, the activity of MMP-2 also increased(P=0.000). Conclusion Sublethal irradiation promotes the activity of MMP-2 of U87 MCS and elevates the Cho/Cr ratio.

Therapeutic effects of AG490 on experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in Lewis rats

CHEN Hui, LI Heng, YUE Longtao, ZHANG Min, WANG Congcong, WANG Shan, ZHANG Peng, DUAN Ruisheng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  11-16.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.796

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Objective To investigate the effect of AG490 on Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis(EAMG). Methods The EAMG model was established by immunization of Lewis rats with R97-116 peptide. Twelve rats were randomly divided into two groups(n=6 in each group), i.e, the control group and the AG490 treatment group. The levels of intracellular IL-6 and IL-21 were analyzed by flow cytometry. The lymphocyte proliferation was determined by CCK-8 and CFSE. Anti-R97-116 IgG and subtypes in the serum were detected by ELISA. Results From day 13 after immunization, the clinical symptoms of the AG490 group were obviously ameliorated, especially on day 27, 29, 31, 33, 37, 39 and 41(P<0.05), compared with the control group. Besides this, the AG490 treatment group also showed decreased secretion of IL-6 and IL-21(P<0.01), reduced anti-R97-116 peptide IgG and IgG2b(P<0.01), and suppressed lymphocyte(in particular CD4⁺ T cells)proliferation, compared with the control group. Conclusion AG490 can ameliorate EAMG by down-regulating the secretion of IL-6 and IL-21, which further reduces anti-R97-116 peptide IgG and IgG2b.

Effects and potential mechanism of orexin-A on hippocampal neurons under hypoxia condition

LI Guohua, CHI Heng, XING Huimin, TANG Jiyou

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  17-24.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1024

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Objective To investigate the effects of orexin-A(OXA)on the hippocampal neurons of Wistar rats in the state of oxygen glucose deprivation(OGD)and its potential mechanism. Methods Hippocampal nerve cells of Wistar rats were divided into the control group, OGD group, OGD+OXA groups(including OGD+OXA 1 nmol/L group, OGD+OXA 3 nmol/L group, OGD+OXA 10 nmol/L group and OGD+OXA 100 nmol/L group), OGD+U0126 group, and OGD+OXA+U0126 group. The hypoxia models of primary hippocampal neurons were built after 72-hour culture, and then different concentrations of OXA(1, 3, 10 and 100 nmol/L)were added in after OGD. The effects of OXA on the apoptotic rate of hippocampus neurons were detected 48 hours later. MAPK/ERK_1/2 pathway was blocked by U0126 to investigate the molecular mechanism. Results Compared with OGD group, the apoptotic rates of hippocampal cells of OGD+OXA 3 nmol/L group, OGD+OXA 10 nmol/L group and OGD+OXA 100 nmol/L group were significantly increased(P<0.01); there was no significant difference between the OGD+OXA 10nmol/L group and OGD+OXA 100 nmol/L group(P>0.05), while the cell apoptotic rate of these two groups were higher than that of OGD+OXA 3 nmol/L group(P<0.01). After U0126 treatment, the apoptotic rate of hippocampal neurons of OGD+U0126 group was significantly lower than that of OGD group(P<0.01), and that of the OGD+U0126+OXA group was lower than OGD+OXA 100 nmol/L group(P<0.01). Conclusion OXA at high concentration can aggravate the damage of 山 东 大 学 学 报 (医 学 版)54卷4期 -李国华,等.Orexin-A对缺氧状态下海马神经元的影响及其机制 \=-OGD on hippocampal neurons, which closely associates with the excessively stimulated ERK_1/2 signal pathway by OXA.

Neuroprotective effect of dl-3n-butylphthalide on focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats

ZHAO Xiuqin, DENG Chunying, LI Shiying, ZHANG Jinxia, HE Yonggui, YU Hong, LIU Bin

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  25-31.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1079

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Objective To explore the neuroprotective effect of dl-3n-butylphthalide(NBP)on focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats and to investigate the possible mechanism. Methods A total of 75 male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into Sham operation group(Sham group), ischemia/reperfusion injury group(IR group), high-dose NBP post-treatment group(high-dose group), medium-dose NBP post-treatment group(medium-dose group)and low-dose NBP post-treatment group(low-dose group), with 15 rats in each group. Focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion model was established with middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)by modified cerebral artery ligation. At 24 h after 2 hours reperfusion, neurological deficits and the infarct volume were measured. TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL)was used to observe the expression of neuronal apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1(SIRT1)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α(PGC-1α)positive cells. Quantitative Real-time PCR was used to observe the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α mRNA. Results The rats in Sham group showed no obvious neurological deficit symptoms and no 山 东 大 学 学 报 (医 学 版)54卷4期 -赵秀芹,等.丁苯酞注射液对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的神经保护作用 \=-infarct size. Compared with Sham group, the number of apoptotic cells increased in IR group and three dosage levels of NBP post-treatment group(P<0.05), so were the number of SIRT1 and PGC-1α positive cells and the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α mRNA(P<0.05). Compared with IR group, the neurological deficit scores decreased in each three dosage level of NBP post-treatment group(P<0.05), so were the infarct size and the number of apoptotic cells(P<0.05), while the number of SIRT1 and PGC-1α positive cells and the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α mRNA in NBP post-treatment group were increased(P<0.05). Compared with medium- or low- dose group, the high-dose group had lowest neurological deficit scores, infarct size and the number of apoptotic cells, but highest number of SIRT1 and PGC-1α positive cells and the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α mRNA, with significant difference(P<0.05). Conclusion NBP injection can relieve the brain damage induced by focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion in rats, which potentially related to the up-regulation of SIRT1 and PGC-1α expression.

Neuroprotective effect of adenovirus-mediated GDNF gene in mice models of Parkinsons disease

WANG Si, LI Xiuhua, DU Juan, YUE Longtao, WANG Yao, LIU Fei, GUO Pei

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  32-36.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1321

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Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effect of adenovirus-mediated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)gene intracerebrally transferred on the treatment of Parkinsons disease(PD). Methods PD models were established by intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-henyl-l,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)［30 mg/(kg·d)in C57Bl/6 mice. The models were then divided into Ad-GDNF experimental group and control group. Ad-GDNF was injected into the lateral ventricle of mice in the experimental group. Negative virus was injected into the lateral ventricle of mice in the control group. The body weight of all mice was measured. The neuroprotective effect of Ad-GDNF was evaluated with behavioral tests, immune histochemical assay of the tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)-positive neurons in the substance nigra and measurement of monoamine level in the striatum. The expression of the exogenous GDNF gene in the brain was detected with ELISA and RT-PCR. Results Compared with control group, the experimental group showed improved motor functions(P<0.01)and less loss of body weight(P<0.05), better survival of TH-positive cells(P<0.05), higher DA levels(P<0.05)after two weeks of intracerebroventricular injection. The exogenous 山 东 大 学 学 报 (医 学 版)54卷4期 -王思,等.侧脑室注射腺病毒介导的GDNF基因对帕金森病的保护作用 \=-GDNF gene was efficiently over expressed in the experimental group. GDNF protein level in midbrain of the experimental group was twice of the control group. Conclusion Intracerebroventricular injection of adenovirus mediated GDNF gene significantly can protect the dopaminergic neurons of nigrostriatal system from MPTP-induced injury and is conducive in the treatment of Parkinsons disease.

Effect of post-traumatic stress on hippocampal BDNF expression in rats

YUAN Xiuyu, DONG Yuanjun, LIANG Xia, HU Min, ZHANG Guiqing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  37-41.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.500

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Objective To investigate changes of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)in the hippocampus of rats suffering from post-traumatic stress, and to explore the significance of such changes. Methods A total of 32 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and post-traumatic stress group, which was subdivided into 3 groups:1 d group(1 day after modeling, n=8), 7 d group(7 days after modeling, n=8), and 14 d group(14 days after modeling, n=8). Rats in the stress groups were evaluated with open-field test and Morris water maze, and changes in the ethological indexes before and after modeling were assessed, followed by determination of BDNF level in hippocampus of the each group of rats by ELISA. Results BDNF level of the 14 d group was significantly lower than that of the control(Z=-3.363, P=0.001), but there was no difference between the 1 d group and control, 7 d group and control, and 1 d group and 7 d group. Conclusion BDNF level decreases in rats suffering from post-traumatic stress, but such change is rather slow. BDNF is a potential marker for post-traumatic stress.

Characteristics and prevalence of primary headaches in patients with multiple sclerosis

DIAO Xiaojun, CHEN Chunfu, LI Congcong, ZHANG Yingbo, LI Yingying

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  42-45.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.886

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Objective To investigate the association between primary headaches and multiple sclerosis(MS). Methods One hundred and seventy-one MS patients were enrolled and divided into two groups, headache group(51 cases)and non headache group(120 cases). MS form, duration, radiology and occurrence of other related diseases in the two groups were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Features and incidence of subtypes of primary headaches in non headache group were also analyzed. Results 29.8% MS patients were accompanied by primary headaches. Two-thirds of patients reported headaches before occurring of MS symptoms. Throbbing and tightening pain were common, mainly appeared in the bitemporal and occiput. Pain often lasted for more than 4 hours, attacked frequently and severely. Most of the patients in headache group showed more than 3 lesion locations(90.2%), which were more common in the brainstem, thalamus and corpus callosum than those of non headache group. Of primary headaches, migraine(47.1%)was the most common type, observed more often in young relapsing-remitting MS(R-R MS)patients. While, secondary progressive MS(SP MS)patients was often accompanied by tension-type headache, who were older than migraine patients(P<0.05). The patients in headache group were more likely combined with cerebral infarction than those in non headache group(P<0.05). Conclusion Nearly one-third of MS patients are accompanied by primary headaches, of which migraine is the most common type. The headaches are often serious. These patients always have more demyelinating lesions than those without headaches, and the lesions mainly locate in the brain stem.

Prognostic hematological biomarkers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

MA Lin, ZHANG Dong, TANG Lei, YE Siyuan, YAN Chuanzhu, CAO Lili

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  46-50.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1158

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Objective To investigate the relationship between some of hematological factors and the prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS), and search for hematology markers which could predict the prognosis of patients with ALS. Methods The retrospective study included 116 patients with ALS from the Qilu Hospital of Shandong University during January 2007 to December 2012. Their clinical data and routine hematological parameters were collected. Survival of patients was calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method. The relationship between levels of hematological parameters and the survival curve of patients were analyzed by Log-rank test. Multivariate effect on survival time was analyzed with Cox proportional hazard model. Results The survival increased in patients with higher levels of serum albumin, creatinine(sCr), triglyceride(TG), lowdensity lipoprotein/ high density lipoprotein(LDL/HDL)or uric acid(UA). Moreover, a dose-response effect was found only in sCr and TG(P<0.05). Multivariable analysis showed that only sCr was an independent hematological marker affecting the prognosis of patients with ALS. Conclusion Blood lipid level and nutritional status are associated with survival of ALS patients, and sCr can be used as a potential independent prognostic biomarker of ALS.

Correlation among serum S100B protein, NSE and neonatal hypoglycemic brain damage

ZANG Lijiao, QIU Jie, ZHUANG Genmiao, AN Li

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  51-54.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1013

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Objective To investigate whether the serum S100B protein and neuron-specific enolase(NSE)levels were associated with neonatal hypoglycemic brain damage(HBD). Methods A total of 48 hypoglycemic neonates admitted during Oct. 2014 and Sept. 2015 were selected as the experimental group, who were divided into 2 subgroups according to clinical manifestations and EEG examination: symptomatic hypoglycemic group(n=22)and asymptomatic hypoglycemic group(n=26). Another 40 healthy subjects served as the control group. Blood samples were collected from all neonates 24 and 72 hours after birth. The levels of serum S100B protein and NSE protein were measured with Human S100B Elisa kit and Cobas 411 electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer, respectively. EEG examination was performed after admission. Results The level of blood glucose in the symptomatic group was lower than that of asymptomatic group and control group(P<0.01), and that of the asymptomatic group was lower than the control 山 东 大 学 学 报 (医 学 版)54卷4期 -臧丽娇,等.血清S100B蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶与新生儿低血糖脑损伤的相关性 \=-group(P<0.05). The duration of hypoglycemia was longer in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic group(P<0.01). The symptomatic group had significantly increased levels of serum 24 h-NSE and 24 h-S100B than the other 2 groups(P<0.01), and the asymptomatic group had higher levels than the control group(P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in the levels of serum 72 h-NSE and 72 h-S100B among the 3 groups(P>0.05). The level of serum 24 h-NSE was negatively correlated with 24 h-S100B, positively correlated with the duration of hypoglycemia(P<0.05), and the serum NSE was positively correlated with S100B protein(P<0.05). Conclusion The levels of serum S100B protein and NSE elevate in neonatal HBD, which are closely associated with the severity and duration of hypoglycemia, suggesting that they may serve as early sensitive markers for the diagnosis of neonatal HBD.

Ultrasound guidance and electrophysiological monitoring in microsurgical treatment of 6 cases of cavernous hemangioma in children with secondary epilepsy

SUN Yongfeng, LIU Huizhao, ZHONG Jianwei, WANG Tao, YUAN Jun, ZHAI Weidong

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  55-59.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.433

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Objective To investigate the clinical significance of intraoperative ultrasound localization and electrophysiological monitoring in microsurgical treatment of cavernous hemangioma followed by epilepsy. Methods Clinical data of 6 cases of cavernous hemangioma in children with secondary epilepsy treated by microsurgical operation were retrospectively analyzed. Under the guidance of ultrasound and intraoperative electrocorticogram(ECoG)monitoring, cavernous hemangioma and epileptogenic foci were completely resected under microscope. Results During the follow-up of more than 2 years, no seizure or nerve dysfunction occurred. Conclusion Intraoperative ultrasound guidance and ECoG monitoring can accurately locate the cavernous hemangioma lesions and guide the resection of epileptic foci. It helps to guide the operation approach, reduce brain tissue injury, and improve the rate of total resection of cavernous hemangioma and cure rate of epilepsy, which therefore is worthy of clinical promotion.

Effect of erythropoietin on hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in neonates

ZHU Jing, GUO Aili, ZHANG Nan, QIN Mingming, LIU Lijuan, ZHU Weiwei

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  60-63.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1200

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Objective To observe the curative effect of erythropoietin(EPO)in the treatment of neonatal hypoxi-ischemic Encephalopathy(HIE). Methods A total of 81 cases of neonatal HIE were randomly divided into EPO treatment group(n=42)and control group(n=39), and healthy full-term neonates born during the same period were randomly selected as the normal control group. The control group and treatment group were given conventional treatment. Besides that, the EPO treatment group was intravenously injected with EPO 200 IU/kg a day, 3 times a week for 2 weeks. All patients undertook neonatal behavior neurological determination(NBNA)on day 7, 14 and 28 after birth, and received infant intelligence development assessment(CDCC)3 and 6 months after birth. All babies were followed up 6 and 12 months after birth. Results The NBNA score 7 days after birth had no statistical difference between the treatment group and control group, which was lower than that of normal group(P<0.01). The treatment group had higher NBNA scores 14 and 28 days than the control group(P<0.05), which were still lower than those of the normal group(P<0.01). The treatment group had higher CDCC score 3 months after birth than the control group(P<0.05), which was lower than that of the normal group(P<0.01). Six months after birth, the CDCC score of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05), and there was no difference between the normal group and normal group in MDI, but the PDI of the treatment group was still lower than that of the normal group(P<0.05). 山 东 大 学 学 报 (医 学 版)54卷4期 -朱静,等.促红细胞生成素治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的疗效观察 \=- Conclusion The efficacy of EP0 works more effectively than ganglioside therapy in treatment of neonatal HIE.

Vitamin D and mecobalamin combined with mouse nerve growth factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a clinical observation

SHI Rui, SUN Pei, WANG Lulu, DING Lin, XIA Jin, WANG Yan, PANG Shuguang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  64-67.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.508

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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of vitamin D, mecobalamin and mouse nerve growth factor(mNGF)used in combination for diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN). Methods A total of 64 DPN cases were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A(n=21)received mecobalamin, Group B(n=21)was given mecobalamin combined with vitamin D, Group C(n=22)received vitamin D and mecobalamin combined with mNGF injection. After 4 weeks, all patients’ symptoms and changes of the nerve conduction velocity were recorded. Results The TSS score was reduced and nerve conduction velocity was improved in all 3 groups after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Group C had greater reduction in TSS score and increase in nerve conduction velocity than group A and B, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion vitamin D and mecobalamin combined with mouse nerve growth factor is effective in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Dual-Phase ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of benign and malignant pancreatic lesions

SUN Xuyi, HAN Jiankui

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  68-73.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1011

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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of dual-phase PET/CT in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pancreatic lesions. Methods The ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT conventional imaging was performed on 81 cases of malignant pancreatic lesions and 41 cases of benign pancreatic lesions. Of them, 46 of the malignant cases and 22 of the benign cases received delayed imaging. The best cut-off point value of maximum standardized uptake value for early phase(SUV_early)and retention index(RI)were explored. Results Among the 122 cases undergoing ¹⁸F-FDG PET / CT examination, SUV_early of malignant cases(5.46±3.51)was significantly higher than that of benign cases(1.89±1.28)(P<0.05), while SUV_delay of malignant cases(5.87±3.79)was higher than that of benign cases(2.64±1.94)(P<0.05). Among the 68 cases undergoing the dual-phase PET/CT, there was no significant difference between SUV_early(2.33±1.25)and SUV_delay(2.64±1.94)in benign cases(P>0.05), while in malignant cases, SUV_delay(5.87±3.79)was significantly higher than SUV_early(4.52±2.98)(P<0.05). According to the ROC curve, when the best cut-off value of SUV_early was 2.75, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 82.72%, 80.49% and 81.97% respectively. When RI%=12.04% was set as the boundary value, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 82.61%, 72.72% and 79.41%, respectively. When SUV_early=2.75 and RI%=12.04% were jointly considered, the 山 东 大 学 学 报 (医 学 版)54卷4期 -孙旭怡,等.¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT双时相显像对胰腺良恶性病变鉴别的诊断价值 \=-sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 93.48%, 59.10% and 82.35%, respectively. Conclusion ¹⁸F-FDG dual-phase PET/CT has a good diagnostic value in differentiating benign pancreatic lesions from malignant ones.

Treatment of transumbilical double-port laparoscopic high ligation of hernia sac on pediatric indirect inguinal hernia

CHEN Shuai, HU Yuanjun, WU Yurui, ZHANG Shisong, WANG Hefeng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  74-77.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1059

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Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of transumbilical double-port laparoscopic high ligation of hernia sac in the treatment of pediatric indirect inguinal hernia in children. Methods Clinical data of 112 children with indirect inguinal hernia who underwent transumbilical double-port laparoscopic during Sept. 2014 and May 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative diagnosis decided that 81 cases had hernia on the right side, 23 cases on the left, and 8 cases on both sides. Results All operations were completed with the laparoscope, and no case turned to open operation. Of the 81 cases which were diagnosed to have hernia on the right side, 31 were found to have contralateral patent processus vaginalis. Of the 23 cases which were diagnosed to have hernia on the left side, 11 had contralateral patent processus vaginalis. The operation time was 22.7 mins, 30.4 mins, and 43.2 mins for hernia on the right side, left side and bilateral sides. All patients recovered well. No complications such as umbilical hernia and orchiatrophy occurred. The scars were almost invisible. Conclusion It is safe and feasible to treat pediatric indirect inguinal hernia by transumbilical double-port laparoscopic high ligation of hernia sac. It is minimal invasive and patients can recover rapidly. Therefore, it is worth wide clinical use.

Elevated proteasomal activities in rats peripheral nervous system exposed to 1-Bromopropane

YANG Junlin, WANG Qinghua, WANG Zengjin, ZHAO Xiulan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  78-83.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.872

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Objective To study the effect of ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS)in 1-bromopropane(1-BP)induced peripheral neuropathy in rats. Methods A total of 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, 400 mg/kg·bw group(low dose group), and 800. All rats received an equal volume of corn oil and 1-BP(dissolved in corn oil)once per day, 5 days per week, for 16 consecutive weeks. Trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like and peptide-glutamyl peptide hydrolase(PGPH)-like proteinase activities were measured with fluorescence labeling method. The 4-HNE, MDA protein adducts level and 4-HNE protein adducts in vitro in different nerve tissues were detected with Western blotting. Results Compared with control group, the trypsin-like proteinase activity in sciatic nerve was significantly elevated in the low and high dose groups(P<0.01); chymotrypsin-like proteinase activity in cerebrum in the high dose group was markedly improved(P<0.01); PGPH-like proteinase activity in the cerebrum and sciatic nerve in the high dose group was remarkably increased(P<0.05); 4-HNE and MDA protein adducts levels in sciatic nerve in the low dose group were increased(P<0.01); 4-HNE and MDA protein adducts levels in cerebrum and sciatic nerve in the high dose group were increased(P<0.01); 1-BP promoted the 4-HNE induced oxidative modification in cerebrum, spinal cord and sciatic nerve tissue in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05). Conclusion 1-BP exposure resulted in the oxidative damaged proteins in the nervous system, and further abnormal activation of UPS, which might be involved in 1-BP induced peripheral neuropathy. 山 东 大 学 学 报 (医 学 版)54卷4期 -杨俊林,等.蛋白酶体活性升高在1-BP致大鼠周围神经损伤中的作用 \=-

DHA attenuated central neurotoxicity of 1-bromopropane by activating NF-κB and Nrf2

WANG Zengjin, YUAN Hua, YANG Junlin, XIE Keqin, ZHAO Xiulan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  84-88.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.791

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Objective To observe the role of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)and NF-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)in DHA antagonizing central nervous system(CNS)neurotoxicity of 1-bromopropane(1-BP). Methods A total of 48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, 1-BP group, 250 mg/kg DHA+1-BP group(LDHA group)and 500 mg/kg DHA+1-BP group(HDHA group). 1-BP and DHA were orally administered to all animals for 12 consecutive days. The prefrontal cortex cytoplasmic protein activation of NF-κB, Nrf2, phase II enzyme protein, activation of astrocyte and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal(4-HNE)modified protein were measured with Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Results The cortex cytoplasmic and nuclear protein expressions of NF-κB, Nrf2 and phase II enzyme protein were significantly higher in the control group than in 1-BP group(P<0.05). Compared with the 1-BP group, the expression of NF-κB and II enzyme protein were significantly lower (P<0.05)but the level of Nrf2 was significantly higher in LDHA group and HDHA group(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, activated astrocytes in 1-BP group were significantly increased, while those in LDHA group and HDHA group were significantly decreased. The content of 4-HNE modified protein in 1-BP group was significantly higher than in the control group(P<0.05). Compared with the 1-BP group, the content of 4-HNE modified protein was significantly lower in LDHA group and HDHA group(P<0.05). Conclusion DHA may show antagonism against CNS toxicity of 1-BP by inhibiting NF-κB and activating Nrf2. 山 东 大 学 学 报 (医 学 版)54卷4期 -王增金,等.NF-κB和Nrf2在DHA拮抗1-溴丙烷中枢神经毒性中的作用 \=-

Influence of normality of metabolomics data on the classification accuracy of diseases

GONG Xiaoyun, SHEN Xiaotao, XU Jing, ZHANG Tao, ZHU Zhengjiang, XUE Fuzhong

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(4):  89-93.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1186

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Objective To investigate the variation trend of the classification accuracy while the number of normal variables increases. Methods Firstly, 11 metabolomics datasets were simulated whose variables in normal distribution increased gradually. Secondly, 5 statistical methods were adopted to compare the classification accuracy, including the traditional methods: Bayes discrimination, Fisher discrimination, Partial least squares discrimination analysis(PLS-DA)and the machine learning methods: Random Forest(RF), Support Vector Machine(SVM). Lastly, the rationality of the results in simulations were evaluated with 2 sets of real data. Results The normality of matabolomics data could influence the classification accuracy of Bayes discrimination, Fisher discrimination and PLS-DA. Besides, the classification accuracy increased with the larger number of normal variables. However, the normality of data did not have discernible effect on their classification accuracy for SVM and RF. Conclusion The traditional statistical methods have requirements for the normality of metabolomics data, such as Bayes discrimination, Fisher discrimination and PLS-DA, while the machine learning methods such as SVM and RF require little of it and can produce higher and more stable classification accuracy.