Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)

Expression and significance of TRB3 in the brain of APP/PS1 transgenic mice

LI Maoyu, TANG Shi, DU Yifeng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 1-5. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1062

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Objective To explore the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress factor TRB3 in the brain of APP/PS1 transgenic mice of different months, and to clarify its relation with the progression of Alzheimers disease. Methods APP/PS1 transgenic mice in 3 and 7 months old were used in this study and wild type(WT)C57/BL6J mice were used as control group. Mice were divided into 3-month old WT group, 3-month old APP/PS1 group, 7-month old WT group and 7-month old APP/PS1 group, and each group had 10 mice. Behavioral changes of mice were determined by Morris Water Maze, and the expression of TRB3 in the brain was studied by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results Compared with WT mice of same months, there were no significant behavioral test changes in 3-month old APP/PS1 group(P>0.05), and the decline of learning and memory ability was found in 7-month old APP/PS1 group, which showed statistical difference compared with WT mice of same months(P<0.05). TRB3 was mainly expressed in brain cortex. Compared with WT mice of same months, TRB3 expression increased significantly in the brain of both 3 and 7-month old APP/PS1 mice(P<0.05), and the expression level of TRB3 in the brain of 7-month old APP/PS1 group was significantly higher than that of 3-month old APP/PS1 group(P<0.05). Conclusion TRB3 shows higher expression level in the brain of APP/PS1 transgenic mice and its increase may be related to the progression of Alzheimers disease.

Expression of Annexin A7 in brain tissue of pilocarpine-induced epilepsy mouse model

JIA Junwei, ZHOU Xueying, LI Qiuhong, YU Kai, ZHOU Guoyu, ZHOU Shengnian

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 6-10. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2016.247

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Objective To explore the expression of Annexin A7 in brain tissue of pilocarpine-induced epilepsy mouse model. Methods Thirty healthy adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into experimental group(n=20)and control group(n=10). Epilepsy mouse model was established in experimental group and behavioural characteristics of mice were observed in two groups. Expression of Annexin A7 was detected using Western blotting and immunofluorescence labeling techniques. Results Eighteen mice suffered from status epilepticus and only eight survived in the experimental group. Of which, six mice encountered spontaneous seizures in experimental group. Status epilepticus and spontaneous seizures did not occur in control group. Expression of Annexin A7 in the hippocampus and temporal cortex of experimental group were markedly higher than that of control group(P<0.05). In the brain tissue of epilepsy mouse model, Annexin A7 was expressed in the neurons rather than astrocytes. Conclusion Annexin A7 may be involved in the occurrence and development of epilepsy.

Effects of Wnt3a on neuronal autophagy and apoptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats

REN Baoxin, MA Yunfeng, LIU Dianwei, LI Zhuo, JIANG Yong

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 11-15. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.257

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Objective To investigate the effects of Wnt3a on neuronal autophagy and apoptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)in rats. Methods A total of 75 SD male rats were randomly divided in to Sham group, SAH group and Wnt3a group. The SAH model was established by injecting autologous blood into cisterna magna. Brain was taken out after SAH at five different time points(0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h). Western bloting was used to detect the ratio of LC3Ⅱ and LC3Ⅰ, and analyze the expressions of Beclin-1 and Caspase-3. An immunofluorescence technique was used to observe the autophagy and apoptosis of neurons. Results Western bloting results showed that in SAH group, expressions of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ and Beclin-1 increased after SAH and reached the peak at 24 h time point. The expressions of LC3Ⅱ and Beclin-1 in Wnt3a group were significantly higher than those in SAH group at 24 h time point(P<0.05). Caspase-3 expression, which in Wnt3a group was significantly lower than the SAH group(P<0.05), peaked at 48 h after SAH. Immunohistochemistry result showed that, compared with SAH group, the number of Beclin-1 positive neurons in Wnt3a group enhanced at 24 h while Bax positive neurons and apoptotic cells decreased at 48 h(P<0.05). Conclusion Wnt3a promotes neuronal autophagy and decreases neuronal apoptosis, which may protect the neurons.

Effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on microglial polarization and proliferation

WANG Na, CHEN Naiyao

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 16-20. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1029

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Objective To observe the effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUC-MSCs)on the microglia proliferation and activation in normal or inflammatory conditions, in order to explore their immunomodulation effect on the central nervous system. Methods After BV2 cells were co-cultured with hUC-MSCs-CM and/or lipopolysaccharide(LPS)for 24 or 48 h, the proliferation was analyzed by MTT colorimetric method, TNF-α and IL-6 in the supernatant were measured by ELISA kit, Arginase 1(Arg1)protein and mRNA levels were examined by Western blotting, TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression level were tested by real-time PCR. Results (1) After long-time LPS stimulation, BV2 cells obviously proliferated, while hUC-MSCs-CM inhibited the proliferation. (2) BV2 cultured with LPS expressed high levels of TNF-α and IL-6, while in both hUC-MSCs-CM and LPS conditions, the TNF-α and IL-6 levels were lower than in LPS stimulation. (3) The level of Arg1 was increased in BV2 cells co-cultured with hUC-MSCs-CM for 48 h. Conclusions Human UC-MSCs inhibit microglia proliferation caused by inflammatory stimulation. Human UC-MSCs induce microglial cells to M2 polarization and reduce the expression of proinflammatory factors via paracrine mechanism, and this may be the mechanism for its neuroprotective effect.

Effects of V_d on SPHK1/S1P pathway in PC12 cells and its potential role in EAE

WANG Zhen, GAO Jifang, GUAN Xinyuan, GUO Juanjuan, YANG Duxiao, LIU Shilian

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 21-24. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2016.224

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Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin D(V_d)on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)through the regulation of sphingosine kinase type 1(SPHK1)on the content of sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P). Methods PC12 cells cultured in vitro and stimulated with different concentrations of V_d were divided into 6 groups: 0 nmol/L V_d group, 6.25 nmol/L V_d group, 12.5 nmol/L V_d group, 25 nmol/L V_d group, 50 nmol/L V_d group, 100nmol/L V_d group. The SPHK1 levels were analyzed with Western blotting. The expression of SPHK1 mRNA was detected with RT-PCR. The intracellular S1P was detected with ELISA. Results After PC12 cells were stimulated with different concentrations of V_d for 24h, an obvious change was observed between V_d groups and 0 nmol/L V_d group. Compared with 0nmol/L V_d group, the V_d groups had decreased levels of SPHK1, S1P and SPHK1 mRNA(P<0.05). Conclusion V_d might affect the content of S1P via SPHK1 so as to delay the progression of EAE.

Changes of hydrogen sulfide concentrations and synthetase expressions in the corpus cavernosum of diabetic rats

ZHAO Huichen, CHAI Jiachao, ZHANG Liang, YUAN Mingzhen, PENG Li, LIU Yuantao

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 25-28. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2016.587

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Objective To examine the endogenous hydrogen sulfide(H₂S)concentrations and expressions of cystathionine-γ-lyase(CSE)in the corpus cavernosum tissues of diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Methods Rats were randomly divided into two groups. One group was fed with high-fat diet for 8 weeks and injected with streptozocin(STZ)to create type 2 diabetic rat models. The other group was fed with normal diet to serve as controls. All mice were killed and corpus cavernosum tissues were harvested. After that H₂S concentrations in corpus cavernosum tissues were measured. The mRNA and protein expressions of CSE were detected with RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively. Results 山东大学学报 (医学版)54卷10期 -赵蕙琛,等.糖尿病大鼠阴茎海绵体硫化氢含量及其合成酶表达的变化 \=-The H₂S level in the corpus cavernosum tissues was significantly decreased in the diabetic group compared with the controls(P<0.01). The mRNA and protein expressions of CSE were significantly decreased in the diabetic group(both P<0.05). Conclusion H₂S concentration was significantly decreased in the corpus cavernosum tissues of diabetic rats, which may be associated with the down-regulation of mRNA and protein expressions of CSE.

Evaluation of the protective effect of AVE0991 on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy rats

CHEN Zhixin, WANG Ying, CAO Xinran, HEI Naihao, LI Junlong, DONG Bo, GUAN Guangju

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 29-33. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1184

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Objective To explore the protective effect of AVE0991, a non-peptide Ang(1-7)receptor agonist, on rat models of diabetic nephropathy. Methods A total of 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group(NC group, n=10), streptozotocin(STZ)induced diabetic nephropathy group(DN group, n=10)and AVE0991 treatment group(AVE group, n=10). After the DN group and AVE group received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ)65 mg/kg for 8 weeks, the AVE group received AVE0991 via gavage, and the DN and NC groups received normal saline of the same amount for 4 weeks continuously. Then the renal functional and bio-chemical parameters were measured. Renal pathological changes of each group were observed by Periodic Acid Schiff(PAS)staining and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were determined by quanti- 山东大学学报 (医学版)54卷10期 -陈志新,等.非肽类Ang(1-7)受体激动剂AVE0991对大鼠糖尿病肾病的保护作用 \=-fication real-time PCR. The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α protein levels were measured by ELISA. Results Compared with the NC group, the DN and AVE groups exhibited increased serum creatinine, 24 h-urine protein excretion, glomerulosclerositic index, expression of CollagenⅠas well as increased mRNA protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Treatment of diabetic nephropathy with AVE0991 exhibited renal protective effect, as evidenced by a significant decrease in serum creatinine, 24 h-urine protein excretion, glomerulosclerositic index and downregulation of inflammatory factors(IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α). Conclusion AVE0991 may have therapeutic potential in diabetic nephropathy by alleviating fibrosis and inflammation in kidney.

Preparation and evaluation of ¹²⁵I-rFlic and ¹²⁵I-rFlicΔ180-400 in noninvasive radioimaging of allorejection

XUE Ying, ZHANG Chao, LIANG Ting, SONG Jing, HOU Guihua

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 34-39. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1092

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Objective To evaluate the effect of iodine-125 labeled intact flagellin(¹²⁵I-rFlic)and its fragment(¹²⁵I-rFlicΔ180-400)in allograft acute rejection model on non-invasive monitoring allorejection. Methods The rFlic and rFlicΔ180-400 were labeled with iodine-125 with iodogen method, and label rate, stability and receptor binding activities were analyzed. After the allograft/isograft mice models were established, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and phosphor-autoradiography imaging were detected on day 8 post transplantation after two tracers’ injection through tail vein separately. Results The prepared ¹²⁵I-rFlic and ¹²⁵I-rFlicΔ180-400 were stable. Radioligand-based binding assay showed ¹²⁵I-rFlicΔ180-40 had higher affinity than ¹²⁵I-rFlic. In ex vivo biodistribution study, ¹²⁵I-rFlicΔ180-400 showed higher skin graft/opposite-side skin(T/NT)than ¹²⁵I-rFlic 24 h after tracer injection(P=0.014 8). The pharmacokinetic results indicated the metabolism of¹²⁵I-rFlicΔ180-400 was faster than that of ¹²⁵I-rFlic. The whole-body autoradiography showed higher radioactivities in allograft 6 h than 1h after tracers’ injection, and allograft-radioimage of ¹²⁵I-rFlicΔ180-400 6 h was much clearer than that of ¹²⁵I-rFlic. Moreover, ¹²⁵I-rFlic and ¹²⁵I-rFlicΔ180-400 both showed preferentially graft-accumulated in the allorejection group after 24 h. Conclusion Both ¹²⁵I-rFlic and ¹²⁵I-rFlicΔ180-400 can specifically accumulate on graft in allorejection models; the latter is faster metabolized and earlier focused on allograft than the former.

Correlation between serum amyloid A and cognitive function of patients with acute cerebral infarction

MI Te, QU Chuanqiang, WANG Xiang, YIN Ling, XUE Yuan, DU Yifeng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 40-45. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1282

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Objective To explore the relationship between human serum amyloid A(SAA)and cognitive function of patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 105 patients with acute cerebral infarction diagnosed in Department of Neurology of Shandong Provincial Hospital were selected and their cognitive functions were assessed by mini-mental state examination(MMSE). According to different education time, the patients were divided into two groups, education time <6 years group(n=36)and ≥6 years group(n=69). Correlations between SAA and each influencing factor, including age, gender, education level, smoking and other cerebrovascular risk factors, as well as SAA and each cognitive domain in MMSE were analyzed. Results The scores of MMSE, time and place orientation, short-term memory and graphic execution in education time <6 years group were all significantly lower than those in education time ≥6 years group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). In cognitive assessment, the differences in the scores of time and place orientation were statistically significant among the patients with infarctions of anterior circulation(n=53), posterior circulation(n=44), or anterior and posterior circulation(n=8)(P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis revealed that SAA was positively correlated with α2-MG(r=0.29, P<0.01). Generalized liner regression analysis 山东大学学报 (医学版)54卷10期 -宓特,等.血清淀粉样蛋白A与脑梗死急性期认知功能的相关性 \=-displayed that SAA was related to the decreases of time and place orientation as well as computing capability(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion The increasing level of serum SAA is associated with cognitive impairment of patients with acute cerebral infarction, especially disturbance of time and place orientation as well as computing capability.

Correlation among cognitive impairment and high homocysteinemia as well as the number and volume of infarct in patients with lacunar cerebral infarction

DONG Fang, DU Yifeng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 46-49. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.922

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Objective To investigate the correlation between the extent of the vascular cognitive impairment(VCI)and the level of homocystein(HCY)in plasma as well as the number and volume of infarct in patients with lacunar cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 196 lacunar infarction patients who were hospitalized in Tengzhou Traditional Chinese Hospital, from Oct. 2011 to Oct. 2013, for the first time and 201 healthy volunteers(control group)were included in this study. Levels of plasma Hcy were detected in all subjects. The number and total volume of lacunar infarct(mm³)were determined by using MRI detection. Patients were divided into normal cognitive group(n=155), mild VCI group 山东大学学报 (医学版)54卷10期 -董芳,等.腔隙性脑梗死患者认知障碍与高同型半胱氨酸血症、梗死灶数目及体积的相关性 \=-(n=35)and dementia group(n=6), according to the cognitive function score of Minimum Mental State Examination(MMSE). The levels of plasma Hcy were compared between patients and control group. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlations among the cognitive function and the levels of plasma Hcy, the number and total volume of lacunar infarction. Results The proportion of subjects with plasma Hcy levels ≥10 μmol/L in patients with lacunar infarction(91.84%)was higher than that in the controls(65.67%). The levels of plasma Hcy in dementia group ［(51.37±8.12 )μmol/L］, mild VCI group ［(28.06±7.56)μmol/L］ and normal cognitive group ［(21.70±6.92)μmol/L］ were significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01). The differences in total number and volume of lacunar infarcts between dementia group ［number 8.00±1.67; total volume(27.42±9.34)mm³］ and mild VCI group ［number 4.77±0.77; total volume(14.96±6.89)mm³］ as well as normal cognitive group ［number 3.52±0.81; total volume(8.81±3.71)mm³］ were statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusion There is negative correlation between the cognitive level detected by MMSE and HCY, and also between the number and the total volume of infarction in patients with cerebral lacunar infarction.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders with common non-organ-specific autoantibodies

SUN Hao, WANG Chunjuan, WANG Ge, WANG Baojie, GUO Shougang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 50-54. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1350

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Objective To investigate and compare the features between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)with and without common non-organ-specific autoantibodies. Methods A total of 36 NMOSD patients were divided into 2 groups: positive group(n=26, with common non-organ-specific autoantibodies), and negative group(n=10, without common non-organ-specific autoantibodies). The clinical, laboratory and imaging features between the two groups were assessed. Results Common non-organ-specific autoantibodies in NMOSD patients were mainly antinuclear antibody, anti-SSA antibody and anti-Ro52 antibody. The age of onset of the patients in the positive group were older than those in the negative group, and tended to complicate with non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases or tumors. As the initial symptoms, the ratio of optic neuritis/myelitis was higher in the negative group. While the cerebrospinal pressure and protein content were higher in the positive group. No differences were observed in other clinical, laboratory or MRI characteristics between the two groups. Conclusions NMOSD patients with non-organ-specific autoantibodies are vulnerable to severe inflammation in the central nervous system, non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases and tumors.

Expressions and significance of Th17 and Th22 cells in peripheral blood of patients with glioma

MAN Qi, ZHANG An, ZHANG Yuan, FAN Mingde, MA Daoxin, WANG Chengwei

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 55-59. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1101

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Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Th17 and Th22 cells in the peripheral blood of patients with glioma. Methods A total of 34 patients with glioma and 24 normal controls were enrolled. The percentages of Th17 and Th22 cells in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry. Retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor(RORC)and arylhydrocarbon receptor(AHR)mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were detected by reverse-transcriptional polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The plasma level of interleukin-22(IL-22)was detected by ELISA. Results There was no difference between patients and healthy controls in circulating Th17 cells(P>0.05), and no difference was found between the high-grade group(WHO Ⅲ-Ⅳ)and low-grade group(WHO Ⅰ-Ⅱ)(P>0.05). The percentage of circulating Th22 cells in glioma was significantly increased compared with that in controls(P<0.05), and the difference between different grade groups was obvious(P<0.05). A positive correlation between Th22 and Th17 cells was observed in glioma(r=0.40, P=0.03), no correlation was found in controls(P>0.05). The difference of RORC and AHR between patients and controls was not significant(P>0.05, P>0.05), 山东大学学报 (医学版)54卷10期 -满琦,等.脑胶质瘤患者外周血中Th17、Th22细胞的表达及意义 \=-and no difference was found between different grade groups(P>0.05, P>0.05). The serum IL-22 level in patients was significantly increased compared with that in controls(P<0.05). However, there was no difference of serum IL-22 levels between different grade groups(P>0.05). Conclusion There exist abnormal increases of Th22 cells and IL-22 levels in the peripheral blood of glioma, and Th17 and Th22 cells may jointly participate in the pathogenesis and progression of glioma.

Changes of regional homogeneity in vision-related resting-state network of pituitary adenoma patients with visual damage

QIAN Haiyan, WANG Xingchao, LIU Pinan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 60-65. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.615

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Objective To explore the neural plasticity of vision-related network in pituitary adenoma patients with visual damage. Methods A total of 25 pituitary adenoma patients with visual damage(PAPVD)and 25 age- and sex-matched corrected-normal-sighted healthy controls(HCs)were recruited and underwent a complete neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation as well as an MRI protocol, including structural and resting-state fMRI(RS-fMRI)sequences. Regional homogeneity(ReHo)of the vision-related resting-state network were evaluated. Two sample t-test was conducted to identify the changes between the two groups. Results Compared to HCs, PAPVDs showed a reduced ReHo in bilateral V1, V2, V3, lateral occipital complex(LOC), fusiform, MT+, thalamus, and an increased ReHo in precuneus gyrus, prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex(PCC), insular, supramarginal gyrus(SMG), and upplementary motor area(SMA). Conclusions Visual damage caused by pituitary adenoma can lead to decreased neural activity within the visual cortex, and increased neural activity beyond the visual cortex especially in core nodes of default mode network(DMN)and salience network(SN).

Surgical management of intracranial aneurysms of the distal posterior circulation

HAN Chao, WANG Chengwei, DING Xuan, MENG Qinghu

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 66-70. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.1316

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Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of surgical management in intracranial aneurysms of the distal posterior circulation. Methods Clinical data of 16 patients with intracranial aneurysms of the distal posterior circulation who underwent surgical or interventional management were retrospectively reviewed. The locations of the aneurysms included: 1 posterior choroidal artery(PChA), 2 posterior cerebral arteries(PCA), 3 superior cerebellar arteries(SCA), 4 anterior inferior cerebellar arteries(AICA), and 8 posterior inferior cerebellar arteries(PICA)in 6 patients. Results The parent arteries of 4 patients who received micro-coil embolization remained patent; the parent arteries of 7 patients who received Onyx with or without micro-coil were obstructed; the 7 aneurysms in 5 cases were clipped. Asymptomatic cerebellar infarction occurred in 3 cases. DSA or CTA follow-up in 11 cases showed no recurrence. Conclusion Due to the sufficient collateral circulation and anatomic variation, brain stem infarction resulted from occlusion is rarely seen. Saccular aneurysm in the front or outside of brain stem should be managed with parent artery preservation. Occlusion of the parent artery of aneurysms of the distal posterior circulation is safe and efficient.

Role of pure neuroendoscopy in cerebellopontine angle area surgery

FENG Zichao, WANG Jiwei, LI Chao, LI Weiguo, CHEN Teng, MA Xiangyu, XU Shujun, LI Xingang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 71-75. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2016.130

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Objective To explore the operative technique and clinical value of pure neuroendoscopy in surgeries on the cerebellopontine angle(CPA). Methods Clinical data of 96 patients with CPA diseases treated with pure neuroendoscopy were retrospectively analyzed. The operation time and therapeutic outcomes were evaluated. Results Of all 96 patients, 49 had trigeminal neuralgia, 43 had hemifacial spasm, and 4 had cholesteatoma. All of the responsible vessels, and the relation between tumor and auditory nerves and facial nerves were clearly shown under neuroendoscopy. Of the 49 patients with trigeminal neuralgia, 45 were pain free, and 4 achieved pain relief. Of the 43 patients with hemifacial spasm, 35 were symptom free, 7 were relieved, and 1 showed no immediate relief. Of the 4 patients with cholesteatoma, 3 underwent total ectomy and 1 received subtotal ectomy; the symptoms were greatly relieved. During the follow-up, no death or recurrence occurred. Conclusion It is feasible to complete a series of operations in the cerebellopontine angle area by pure neuroendoscopy, which can improve the surgical view with little damage to blood vessels and nerves. This technology is worth clinical application.

Value of CT and MRI in the treatment options of laryngeal cancer

MENG Xiangshui, CHAI Xiangjun, MA Xiangxing, REN Qingguo, YANG Zhicheng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 76-79. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.840

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Objective To explore the value of CT and MRI on the invasive range and treatment options of laryngeal cancel. Methods Results of neck CT and MRI of 35 patients with laryngeal cancel were analyzed. Tumor lesions of infraglottic region, subglottic region, vocal cord, anterior commissure, thyroid cartilage, paraglottic space, arytenoid cartilage and cervical lymph node metastasis were compared with results of laryngoscope and surgical pathology. Results More lesions of the infraglottic region, subglottic region, vocal cord, anterior commissure, thyroid cartilage, paraglottic space, arytenoid cartilage and cervical lymph node metastasis were displayed on MRI than CT, but there were no statistical differences. The sensitivity of plain and contrast enhanced MRI were similar, and more than that of plain and contrast enhanced CT. The sensitivity of contrast enhancement CT was more than that of plain CT. Specific and positive predictive value of plain and enhanced MRI and CT were almost the same. Kappa value of plain and contrast enhanced MRI and contrast enhanced CT were similar, but more than that of plain CT. Negative predictive value of plain and enhanced MRI were the same, but more than that of plain and contrast enhanced CT. The negative predictive value of plain and enhanced CT were almost the same. Conclusion MRI can provide more information than CT for tumor invasive range and treatment options of laryngeal cancel.

Prognostic analysis of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock

LIU Xiao, LIU Zhiguang, FAN Zhisong, WANG Yuan, YANG Xingxiao, KONG Jieyu, CHEN Junzhuo, LIU Junxia

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 80-84. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2015.957

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Objective To explore the prognostic factors for patients with severe sepsis and septic shock according to the survival periods. Methods Clinical data of 108 cases of severe sepsis and septic shock treated during Jan. 2013 and Dec. 2014 were retrospectively studied. The independent risk factors of death was analyzed with Cox porportional hazard models. Results The overall mortality was 53.7%, and the mortality at days 0-29, 30-89, and 90-365 was 27.8%, 24.4% and 15.3%, respectively. Factors significantly associated with mortality included APACHE-Ⅱscore(HR=1.105, 95%CI: 1.066-1.146), Charlson Comorbidities Index(CCI)(HR=1.390, 95%CI: 1.210-1.596)and procalcitonin changes(△PCT)(HR=0.996, 95%CI: 0.995-0.997). Results of stratified analysis according to different survival periods indicated that, APACHE-Ⅱscore(HR=1.104, 95%CI: 1.052-1.158), CCI(HR=1.462, 95%CI: 1.204-1.775), △PCT(HR=0.992, 95%CI: 0.989-0.995), and days of ICU-stay(HR=0.893, 95%CI: 0.841-0.949)were the prognostic factors for patients who survived for less than 30 days; risk factors associated with mortality included APACHE-Ⅱscore(HR=1.102, 95%CI: 1.026-1.183)and △PCT(HR=0.996, 95%CI: 0.994-0.998)for patients who survived for 30 d-89 d; for patients survived for 90 d-365 d, CCI(HR=1.689, 95%CI: 1.065-2.679)was the only prognostic factor. Conclusions APACHE-Ⅱscore, CCI and △PCT are the independent 山东大学学报 (医学版)54卷10期 -刘晓,等.严重脓毒症与脓毒性休克患者预后分析 \=-prognostic factors for patients with severe sepsis and septic shock, while there were slight differences among different survival periods. It is necessary to develop a multicenter large-scale prospective cohort study for further confirmation.

Short-term curative effect of open wedge high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis

BAO Xuezhi, ZHAO Peng, LIU Peilai, LU Qunshan, LI Ming, ZHANG Yuankai, LI Deqiang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2016, 54(10): 85-89. doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2016.534

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Objective To observe the short-term curative effect of high tibia osteotomy(HTO)in the treatment of knee medial compartment osteoarthritis. Methods A total of 20 patients(26 knees)treated during Jan. 2015 and Jan. 2016 were involved. The curative effect was evaluated using American knee society(AKS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC), visual analogue scale(VAS), medial proximal tibial angle(MPTA), and femorotibial angle(FTA). Results During the follow-up of 3-12 months, both knee joint pain and lower limb strength were significantly improved. Superficial infection occurred in 1 case and no other complications were observed. The postoperative AKS score, WOMAC score, VAS score, MPTA and FTA were significantly improved(P<0.05). Conclusion HTO can correct the abnormal force distribution of lower extremities, relieve or eliminate knee pain, and delay the progress of the knee joint degeneration, thus showing good short-term curative effect. The long-term efficacy needs to be further observed.

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