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Table of Content

      
    16 October 2010
    Volume 48 Issue 10
    Articles
    Expression and clinical significance of peripheral miR-34a during  the onset of type 2 diabetes
    KONG Lei, HAN Wen-xia, JIANG Xiu-yun, XU Jin, ZHANG Xu, LI Qiu, GUAN Qing-bo, GAO Ling, ZHAO Jia-jun
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  1-3. 
    Abstract ( 1257 )   PDF (339KB) ( 422 )   Save
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    Objective    To study expression and clinical significance of peripheral diabetes-related microRNA (miRNA), miR-34a,  during the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods    63 subjects were recruited, including 18 cases of newly diagnosed T2D (n-T2D), 19 cases of prediabetes and 26 T2D-susceptible with normal glucose tolerance (s-NGT). All diagnoses were confirmed by a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Serum miR-34a levels were determined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR).  Results    Serum miR-34a levels showed a stepwise increase  from s-NGT, pre-diabetes to n-T2D. Its expression in n-T2D was significantly higher than that in s-NGT and pre-diabetes, while no significant difference was observed between the latter two (P>0.05). Conclusions    MiR-34a plays important roles during the onset of T2D, however, its expression in peripheral blood is not significantly up-regulated in the pre-diabetic stage.

    Protection of calcium dobesilate on the aorta of diabetic rats
    KONG De-huan1, YU Jin-tang2, GAO Mei-juan1, LI Bo1, BIAN Li-xiang1, LI Ming-long3, LIU Ming4, YU Gui-na1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  4. 
    Abstract ( 1148 )   PDF (960KB) ( 361 )   Save
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     Objective    To investigate the effect of calcium dobesilate on the aorta of diabetic rats and explore its possible mechanism. Methods    The Diabetes mellitus(DM) model was established by a single injection of streptozotocin(STZ)and DM rats were randomly divided into the calcium dobsilate group and the diabetic group. Normal rats served as the normal group.  Each group contained  10 rats. In the calcium dobsilate group, rats were treated intragastrically with 0.15mg/g calcium dobsilate every day while the same dose of distilled-water was applied in the other groups. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks. Before being sacrificed, blood samples were drawn to measure serum indicators. After being sacrificed, the aorta was fixed to observe morphological changes. Plasma endothelin (ET) and Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) levels were measured respectively with radioimmunoassay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of PAI-1 and matrix metalloprotein-9(MMP-9)in the aorta were determined with immunohistological chemistry. Results     Compared with the diabetic group, the plasma level of ET and PAI-1 were decreased(P<0.05) by calcium dobesilate. Expression of PAI-1 and MMP-9 in the aorta was decreased by calcium dobesilate. Rats in the DM group showed abnormal aortic ultra-structure, including incrassated intima, varicose endothelial cells, proliferation and disorder of smooth muscle cells. These phenomena were significantly alleviated in the calcium dobesilate group. Conclusion    Calcium dobesite can protect blood vessel endothelium, inhibit platelet aggregation, delay arteriosclerosis, stabilize atheromatous plaque via down-regulation of ET and PAI-1 in plasma and inhibition of PAI-1 and MMP-9 expression in the aorta.

    Effects of CysC on the proliferation of cultured rat cardiac fibroblasts
    ZHANG Shu-min1,2,WANG Yong-mei1,DU Yi-meng1,WEI Feng-tao1,JIANG Wei-dong1,WANG Xin1,DONG Zhao-qiang1,XU Dong-ling1,JIANG Hong2, LU Qinghua
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  9-13. 
    Abstract ( 989 )   PDF (985KB) ( 395 )   Save
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    Objective    To explore the  effects of cystatin(CysC)on the proliferation of rat cardiac fibroblasts. Methods    Cardiac fibroblasts from 1~3 days old Sprague-Dawley rats (clean grade, weight 10~15g) were cultured by the anchorage velocity-dependent separation method. The recombinant adenovirus vector for CysC gene(Ad-CysC)was constructed with the GatewayTM technique and transfected into rat cardiac fibroblasts in vitro. Rat cardiac fibroblasts were randomly divided into the normal control group, the Ad-GFP group and the Ad-CysC group. Expression of CysC at the protein level was examined by means of Western-blot .Cell proliferation rate was measured by bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU). Results    DNA sequencing results and Western blot analysis indicated that recombinant Ad-CysC was successfully constructed. The efficiency of Ad-CysC infecting rat cardiac fibroblasts was above 90% when multiplicity of infection(MOI) was 200. Furthermore,  protein expression of CysC was significantly increased at 24h after transfection(P<0.05). Compared to the normal control group and the Ad-GFP group, the BrdU incorporation rate of the Ad-CysC group was much higher at 72h after transfection(P<0.05). Conclusions    High expression of CysC can stimulate the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts,which could promote the myocardial fibrosis.

    Effect of total panax notoginsenosides on expression of CD40, VCAM-1 induced by oxLDL in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
    LIU Gui-lin1, DOU Ying-chun2, LIU Fen-ye3, ZHANG Qing4, REN Min5, ZHANG Ji-dong5
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  14-19. 
    Abstract ( 1171 )   PDF (1159KB) ( 333 )   Save
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    Objective   To explore the effect of total panax notoginsenosides (TPNS) on expression of cell differentiation antigen 40 (CD40) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Methods    Primary culture HUVECs cells were divided into five groups: the control, the model, the low dose (100mg/L) the TPNS, high dose (200mg/L) TPNS and the Simvastain group. Apart from the control group, cells in other groups were given corresponding treatment. Cytoactivity was measured by MTT.  mRNA expression of VCAM-1 was detected by realtime quantitative RT-PCR. Protein expression of CD40 was measured by Western blot. Results    TPNS and Simvastatin could up-regulate the cytoactivity of HUVECs(P<0.05, P<0.001),  and down-regulate expression of CD40(P<0.05, P<0.01), VCAM-1(P<0.001)in HUVECs induced by oxLDL. In addition, the effect of high dose TPNS was superior to the low dose TPNS (P<0.05). Conclusion    TPNS can relieve injury and lower expression of immune inflammatory factors in HUVECs induced by oxLDL. TPNS has a potential effect in preventing and treating atherosclerosis. 

    Mechanism of reversal of cardiac fibrosis in fructosefed rats by Felodipine
    XING Shan-shan1,2, TAN Hong-wei1, BI Xiu-ping1,3, ZHONG Ming1, ZHANG Yun1, ZHANG Wei1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  20. 
    Abstract ( 951 )   PDF (2035KB) ( 429 )   Save
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    Objective    To investigate the mechanism of reversal of cardiac fibrosis in fructose-fed rats (FFRs) by Felodipine. Methods    Thirty-three male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group (n=12) and the metabolic syndrome (MS) group (n=21). After the MS model was built by feeding with 10% fructose water for 8 months, 9 FFRs were perfused into the stomach with Felodipine once daily. Then, myocardium tissues were collected. Collagen content was detected by Sirius Red staining and real-time RT-PCR was to detect mRNA expression of interleukin-18(IL-18). Results    The collagen content of MS group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01).  mRNA expression of IL-18 was significantly higher in the MS group than in the control group (P<0.01). After six-week treatment of Felodipine, the collagen content and IL18 mRNA expression were significantly lower than those in the MS group. Conclusion    Felodipine ameliorates cardiac fibrosis in MS via its suppressive effect on IL18 expression.

    Development of stretchingloading equipment for cultured cells in vitro
    ZHANG Xiao-yan1, SUN Yu-de2, YUAN Xiao3, WANG Hong-ling1, ZHAO Fang1, LIU Dong-xu1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  25-28. 
    Abstract ( 1076 )   PDF (603KB) ( 383 )   Save
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    Objective    To design cyclic stretching loading equipment for cultured cells to simulate the stress environment in vivo. Methods    The stretchingloading equipment consisted of hardware and software which were controlled by computer. The hardware was composed of a vacuum system, control circuit and anti-jamming device, and the software was based on C language. The bottom of the cultured cellular layer was stretched by a MCU-controlled vacuum pump and  solenoid valve, and  therefore,  the cells the adhered to the plate were stretched. This device was further verified through the loading on vascular smooth muscle cells. Results    The loading equipment  control force value, time of stretching and relaxation, and working time were effective;  Vascular smooth muscle cells grew stably on the culture plate and exhibited proliferative activity under loading. Conclusion    The equipment fits well for cyclic stretching-loading on cultured cells in vitro, and will be widely used for tensile mechanical loading of cell mechano-biology.

    Micro CT study of orthodontic loading on the prognosis of auto-transplanted teeth 
    XUE Han1, DU Wen-ting2, GUO Jing3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  29-33. 
    Abstract ( 1073 )   PDF (984KB) ( 548 )   Save
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    Objective    To study the influence of orthodontic movement on the prognosis of autotransplanted teeth with Micro CT by establishing an animal model of autotransplantation teeth in dogs. Methods    In 4 dogs,16 central incisors were chosen as experimental teeth. Orthodontic loading was conducted in  the 1st, 4th, 8th and 12th week after autogenous teeth transplantation. At the end of first month, teeth and pieces of bones, including periodontal tissues, were scanned by Micro CT. The relevant parameters were analyzed by morphological observation, digital software analysis and three-dimensional reconstruction. Results    The transplanted teeth loaded at the fourth and the eighth week showed no significant ankylosis and root resorption morphologically, were without obvious periodontal ligament space broadening and apical alveolar bone density diminution. Bone architecture quantization comparison presented the least apical trabecular bone damage and the lowest trabecular bone dispersion. Conclusion    From experimental data obtained with Micro CT, it can the concluded that loading the autotransplanted teeth at the fourth to eighth week after transplantation can prevent ankylosis without an increase of root resorption.

    Effect of PESV on dendritic cells maturation in the tumor microenvironment
    ZHANG Yue-ying, ZHANG Wei-dong, WU Li-cun, WANG Zhao-xia, WANG Zhao-peng, JIA Qing, XU Lin, ZHANG Jun-ping
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  34-38. 
    Abstract ( 1006 )   PDF (1125KB) ( 374 )   Save
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    Objective    To explore the mechanism of PESV(polypeptide extract from scorpion venom) on promotion of dendritic cells maturation in the tumor microenvironment. Methods    Lewis lung cancer models were established by subcutaneously implanting Lewis lung cells into C57BL/6mice. The tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group, the chemotherapy group (treated with CTX ) and the experimental group (treated with PESV between courses of chemotherapy ). There were 8 mice in each group. PESV was intrinsically injected for 21 days in the experimental group. Then,  the volume of tumors was evaluated every two days, and the tumor growth curve was recorded. Flow cytometry (FCM) was applied to detect expression of CD80 and CD83 in dendritic cells. VEGF and TGF-β1 were determined by imunohistochemical assay and RT-PCR. Results    After 21 days treatment of PESV and chemotherapy, tumor growth was inhibited in the experimental group. Compared with the control, the number of TIDC and expression of CD80 increased, but expression of  VEGF and TGF-β1was down-regulated. Conclusions     PESV can promote dendritic cells maturation through inhibition of VEGF and TGF-β1 expression in the tumor microenvironment during the interval of chemotherapy.

    Disturbance of cell signal pathways and genes in Nrf2 kockout mice after common bile duct ligation 
    XU Wei-hua1, Tobias A Beyer2, YANG Fa-lin3, WANG Hong-bo1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  39. 
    Abstract ( 1254 )   PDF (2381KB) ( 334 )   Save
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    Objective    To study effects of nuclear factor–E2-related factor2(Nrf2) on cholestasis in mice after common bile duct ligation(BDL). Methods    Wild type(WT) and Nrf2 knockout (KO) mice underwent BDL. Liver function, histological morphology, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signals and some mRNAs were studied. Results    After BDL, levels of serum total bilirubin(TBIL) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) were significantly increased compared with the sham(no BDL) group: the level of ALT was higher in KO mice than in WT mice, while TBIL was the reverse. Fibronectine(FN) was more expressed in KO mice than in WT mice. Western blot showed phosphorylations of cJun N-terminal kinases(JNK), activator of transcription 3(stat3), protein kinase B(PKB/AKT) and p38 after BDL were stronger in WT mice, while phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) was stronger in KO mice. RNAase protection assay(RPA) showed that mRNA levels of some Nrf2 target genes were up-regulated after BDL. Inductions of NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase 1(NQO1), glutathione S-transferase (GST)Ya and GST-pa expressions were attenuated in KO mice. Expressions of transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-1(TIMP-1) and collagen1 were up-regulated after BDL, and more greatly in KO mice. Conclusion     Nrf2 has an effect on MAPK signals, inflammation and fibrosis in liver injury during cholestasis, partly via the upregulation of anti-oxidation genes for cell protection.

    Expression of p38MAPK, NF-κB and ICAM-1 in the basilar artery of rabbits after SAH
    JI Yong, WANG Zhi-gang, WANG Cheng-wei, ZHANG Qing-lin
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  44-47. 
    Abstract ( 990 )   PDF (826KB) ( 252 )   Save
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    Objective     To investigate the presence and relationship of p38MAPK, NF-κB and ICAM-1 in the occurrence and progress of CVS(cerebral vasospasm) in the basilar artery of rabbits. Methods    92 New Zealand pure rabbits were divided into the normal, the control and the SAH(subarachnoid hemorrhage) groups, and the latter was further divided into 6 subgroups:  groups of 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, 9 days, 11  days after SAH. Models of SAH and CVS were successfully established via double-injection into the major cistern and basilar artery(BA) . Morphological  observation, immunohistochemistry and hybridization in situ were employed to observe the variances of the basilar artery and dynamic expressions of p38MAPK, NF-κB and ICAM-1in the wall of the BA. Results    Stenosis of BA were identified on 3rd day, obvious on 5th day, and peaked on 7th day after SAH. With the decreased vascular lumen, expression of ICAM-1increased and peaked on 7th day, while expressions of  p38MAPK, NF-κB increased and peaked on 5th day but later fell. Expression of p38MAPK, NF-κB and ICAM-1 in protein and mRNA level showed differences in time order. Conclusion    Inflammation controlled by p38MAPK and NF-κB which are induced by ICAM-1  exists in cerebral vasospasm. These relations play important roles in the onset and progress of CVS.

    Interfering effects of thymosine and dexamethasone on TH1/TH2cytokines in the asthma mouse model
    WANG Min1,2, CHEN Wen-jing1, YANG Lin-hong1, LIU Lei1, WU Da-wei2, LIU Jun-li1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  48-50. 
    Abstract ( 965 )   PDF (349KB) ( 363 )   Save
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    Objective    To explore the role of Th1/Th2 cytokines in the pathogenic process of asthma,interfering effects of thymosine-α and dexamethasone-on Th1/Th2 and their clinical values. Methods     An asthma model was set up and thymosine-α and dexamethasone were given. The rats were divided into the normal control group,the asthmic group,the thymosin group and the dexamethasone group.Levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-γin bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were detected by ELISA. Results     There was a significant increase in the numbers of EOS and lymphocytes and levels of IL-4 and IL-5, while there was a significant decrease in the level of IFN-γ in the asthmic group compared with the normal control group (P<0.05). Number of EOS and levels of IL-4 and IL-5 decreased in the thymosine dexamethasone groups compared with the asthmic group, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The level of IFN-γ in the thymosin group increased compared with the asthmic group and the difference was significant(P<0.05). For IL-4/IFN-γ, there were notable differences between the normal group and the asthmic  group,between the asthmic group and the thymosin group,and between the asthmic group and the dexamethasone group(P<0.05). Conclusion    The Th2 dominant reaction play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma.Thymosin-α can notably increase the level of IFN-γ. Dexamethasone can lower the levels of IL-4 and IL-5.

    Interactions between p65 and SMRT by Co-Immunoprecipitation
    WANG Chun-mei1, SHENG Guang-yao1, LU Jie2, ZOU Xiang1, FANGYing-qi1,BAI Song-ting1, XIE Lei1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  51-55. 
    Abstract ( 1145 )   PDF (856KB) ( 472 )   Save
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    Objective    To determine interactions between p65 and SMRT proteins in  the acute myelogenous leukemia cell line (THP-1) by co-immunoprecipitation. Methods    The human p65 gene and SMRT gene were synthesized in vitro and cloned into the pUC57 vector. Corresponding DNA was amplified by PCR and the PCR products were subcloned into eukaryotic  vectors of pCMV-HA and pCMV-Myc after restriction enzyme digestion. Then, these recombined plasmids were confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing and co-transfected into THP-1 cell lines. The interactions between p65 and SMRT were detected by co-immunoprecipitation. Results      Restriction enzymes digestion and DNA sequencing showed that the recombinant eukaryotic vectors of pCMV-HA-p65 and pCMV-Myc-SMRT were correctly constructed. After being immunoprecipitated by anti-HA and anti-Myc multi-antibodies,fusion proteins of  HA-p65 and Myc-SMRT were identified by Western blotting with anti-Myc and anti-HA antibodies. Conclusion      Recombinant eukaryotic vectors of pCMV-HA-p65 and pCMV-Myc-SMRT were successfully constructed. The interaction of P65 and SMRT should be identified  by co-immunoprecipitation after co-expression in THP-1 cell line, which can serve as a tool for further study of the pathogenesis of AML in children and targeting therapy of leukemia.

    Application of hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in brain study of macaca fascicularis
    XU Hui1, LI Chuan-fu1, LI Bao-qiu2, REN Qing-guo1, ZHANG Xiao-ming1, YU Hong-luan3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  56-59. 
    Abstract ( 1001 )   PDF (736KB) ( 480 )   Save
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    Objective    To investigate the application of hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS) in non-human primates experiments. Methods    The 3.0T 1HMRS was performed on 6 healthy macaca fascicularis. Four regions of interest were selected, including the corpus striatum, frontal lobe, thalamus and cerebellum. Nacetylaspartate/creatine(NAA/Cr) and choline/creatine(Cho/Cr) were obtained and compared. Results    NAA/Cr in the thalamus, cerebellum, frontal lobe and corpus striatum was in a decreasing order. There was a statistical difference between the thalamus and the other three structures, and also between the cerebellum and the corpus striatum. Cho/Cr in the frontal lobe, the cerebellum, the thalamus, and the corpus striatum was in a decreasing order. A statistical difference(P<0.05) was obtained between the corpus striatum and the other three structures. Conclusion    NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr in the brain of macaca fascicularis vary in different structures. MRS study of non-human primates is feasible with clinical MR equipment, and the data exactly reflects the differences of brain structures and the change of the contents of metabolites, and can be an evidence for further pathophysiological studies.

    Effects of the CO2-independent cell culture system on the proliferation of  bladder cancer cells T-24
    GAO Li1, ZHANG Tian-yu1, TAN Ning2, ZHANG Lin-gang1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  60-64. 
    Abstract ( 1007 )   PDF (881KB) ( 333 )   Save
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    Objective    To evaluate the effects of the CO2-independent cell culture system on the proliferation of bladder cancer cells T-24. Methods       Bladder cancer cells T-24 were cultured in the CO2-independent cell culture system at 37℃, in a 5% carbon dioxide incubator (CO2-B group) and in an air incubator(air-B group), and in the CO2dependent cell culture system at 37℃, in a 5% carbon dioxide incubator(CO2-A group) and in an air incubator(air-A group). The pH values of these two cell culture mediums were measured for 7 consecutive days. Differences of the cell viability were assayed with MTS and the colony forming assay. The cell cycle and apoptosis ratio of T-24 cells treated in the two cell culture systems were tested by FCM. Expressions of survivin mRNA and caspase-3 mRNA in T-24 cells cultured with the two systems were detected by RT-PCR, while expressions of survivin and caspase-3 proteins were detected by Western blot. Results    The pH trends of the two cell culture mediums were the same. T-24 cell proliferation and expressions of survivin and caspase-3 mRNAs and proteins had no obvious difference. Conclusion    The CO2-independent cell culture system is not obviously different from the CO2-dependent cell culture system in cell proliferation and gene expression.

    Influences of DMSO and dexamethasone on  HBV infection in HepCHLine4  cells
    GUAN Yan-yan1, YAO Yong-yuan1, WANG Gang1, SHAO Li-hua2, SAI Lin-tao1, MA Li-xian1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  65. 
    Abstract ( 1044 )   PDF (972KB) ( 318 )   Save
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    Objective     To evaluate the influences of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dexamethasone on the ability of HepCHLine-4 cells to Hepatitis B virus (HBV)  infection. Methods     HepCHLine-4 cells were divided into four groups: the DMSO group, in which HepCHLine-4 cells were cultured in Dulbecco′s modified Eagle′s medium(DMEM) with 20mL/L DMSO for 4 days; the dexamethasone group, in which HepCHLine-4 cells were cultured in DMEM with 5×10-5mol/L dexamethasone for 4 days; the DMSO plus dexamethasone group, in which HepCHLine-4 cells were cultured in DMEM with 20mL/L DMSO and 5×10-5mol/L dexamethasone for 4 days; and the control group, in which HepCHLine-4 cells were cultured in DMEM without DMSO or dexamethasone for 4 days. Further, HepCHLine-4 cells were incubated with HBV at 37℃ for 24 hours.  Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) in the supernatant of infected cells were detected by electrochemiluminescence(ECL) and HBV DNA was detected by fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (FQ-RCR). Results     1) In the DMSO group the titer of HBsAg and HBeAg was relatively high; 2) In the dexamethasone group the titer of HBV DNA was relatively high; 3) In the DMSO plus dexamethasone group the titer of HbsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA were higher. The highest levels were 125.790IU/mL, 4.784S/Co and 5.930 ×105 copies/mL respectively; 4) In the control group the titer of HbsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA were lower, with the highest levels being 85.490IU/mL, 1.896S/Co, 3.729×104 copies/mL respectively. Conclusion     DMSO and dexamethasone can improve the ability of HepCHLine-4  to HBV infection

    Toxicity of levodopa to nerve cells and its relevant neuroprotective factors
    CHANG Zheng1,2, XU Ji-ping1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  69-72. 
    Abstract ( 1162 )   PDF (373KB) ( 339 )   Save
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     Objective     To measure the level of the neuron specific enolase (NSE ) in the serum, and determine whether levodopa therapy has a toxic effect on nerve cells in patients with Parkinson′s disease ( PD ). Methods      According to the modified Webster scale, 117 patients with PD were divided into the slight symptom group(S) and the moderate symptom group(M). Group S was randomly subdivided into four groups: groups SISIII had madopar administered in different doses, and the control group SIV had a placebo administered. Group M was randomly subdivided into six treatment groups: the first three groups ( groups MI-MIII) had madopar administered in different doses,  after which dopamine was used, the other three groups(groups MIV-MVI) had three protectants: selegiline, bromocriptine and piribedil administered. The fasting serum NSE was determined 3 days after drug withdrawal(SI-IV, MI-MIII), after madopar treatment(SI-III, MI-MIII), after placebo administration(SIV),  before and after protectant administration(MIV-MVI), and then the data were compared and analyzed. Results    There was no statistical significance in the serum NSE level among slight symptom groups (P>0.05), while there was a statistical significance in moderate symptom groups when dopamine was increased to a high dose (P<0.05). Different protectants had no statistical significance in protecting nerve cells (P>0.05). Conclusion     The toxic effect of dopamine on nerve cells may probably be associated with its doses.

    Dynamic fluctuation of fibrinolytic activity in patients withmini-invasive hematoma aspiration
    TIAN Min, YUAN Qian, CUI Yuan-xiao, ZHANG Qing-hua, TANG Qian-qian
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  73-76. 
    Abstract ( 998 )   PDF (369KB) ( 378 )   Save
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    Objective    To investigate the dynamic fluctuation of fibrinolytic activity in hypertensive intra-cerebral hemorrhage patients with minimally invasive surgery(MIS). Methods     Blood samples were obtained on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 after onset from 46 patients with MIS and 43 patients with non-minimally invasive surgery, 48 normal subjects were controls. Levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigen and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) were measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results     Level of t-PA in the MIS group on days 1, 3 and 7 after onset was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the MIS group and the control group on day 14. Level of PAI -1 in the MIS group on days 3 and 7 was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P<0.05). Level of tPA in the MIS group on days 3 and 7 was significantly lower than that in the non-minimally invasive surgery group (P<0.05), while level of PAI-1 in the MIS group on days 3 and 7 was significantly higher than that in the non-minimally invasive surgery group (P<0.05). Levels of t-PA and PAI-1 in the MIS group on days 1, 3 and 7 had a correlation with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Conclusion      A fluctuation regularity exists in fibrinolytic activity in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients with MIS. Levels of t-PA and PAI-1 can be used as biomarkers for clinical outcomes in patients with MIS.

    Association between the ADAM33 gene polymorphism and bronchial asthma
    CHI Xiang-yu1, LI Qing1, WANG Lai-cheng2, WANG Jing1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  77-80. 
    Abstract ( 1044 )   PDF (804KB) ( 329 )   Save
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    Objective    To investigate the association between polymorphism of the F+1 locus allele in the ADAM33 gene and bronchial asthma. Methods    Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) and DNA sequencing were used to determine polymorphism of the F+1 locus allele in the ADAM33 gene in 126 unrelated patients with bronchial asthma and 121 unrelated healthy controls. Results     Genotype distributions of the F+1 locus allele in the ADAM33 gene in the patient group and the control group did not deviate from the HardyWeinburg equilibrium. Frequencies of the genotypes (CC,CT,TT) were 54.0% (n=68), 38.1% (n=48) and 7.9% (n=10) in the 126 asthmatic patients and 57.9% (n=70), 38.0% (n=46) and 4.1% (n=5) in the 121 controls, respectively. There was no significant difference in distribution of the genotypes (CC,  CT, TT) between asthmatic patients and healthy controls (χ2=1.638, P>0.05). Frequencies of the alleles (C, T) were 0.730 and 0.270 in asthmatic patients and 0.769 and 0.231 in the controls, respectively, and there was no significant difference in allele frequency between them (χ2 =0.970,P>0.05). Conclusion      Polymorphism of the F+1 locus allele in theADAM33 gene(CC,CT,TT) exists in asthmatic patients, but the polymorphism is not significantly associated with the susceptibility to bronchial asthma.

    Diagnostic value of  fractional exhaled nitric oxide measurement in bronchial asthma 
    CHAI Jing1, JIANG Ping2, QIAN Xuejiao1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  81-84. 
    Abstract ( 1549 )   PDF (424KB) ( 270 )   Save
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    Objective    To explore the diagnostic value of fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO)measurement in the diagnosis of bronchial asthma. Methods    A total of 118 patients with nonspecific respiratory symptoms were enrolled. 71 cases were diagnosed as bronchial asthma (group A). 52 cases did not received a treatment with glucocorticoids(groupⅠ) and 19 cases received it for more than 4 weeks(groupⅡ). 47 cases were diagnosed as non-asthma(group B). FeNO was measured by a nitric oxide analyzer(NIOX; Aerocrine AB; Solna, Sweden). GINA (2006) was defined as the gold standard in the diagnosis of bronchial asthma. The value of FeNO was assessed and the optimal operating point of the FeNO testing was determined by the means of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results     Level of FeNO in groupⅠ was higher than that in groupⅡ[(72.92±50.26)ppb vs(35.74±27.53)ppb, P﹤0.05] and group B [(72.92±50.26)ppb vs(17.62±9.77)ppb, P﹤0.05]. The area under the ROC curve was 0.90. The optimal diagnostic cutoff point was 32.50ppb, which was capable of differentiating asthma and non-asthma with a sensitivity of 82.70% and a specificity of 87.90%.  Conclusion     The FeNO test may be helpful in the diagnosis of asthma with high sensitivity and specificity.

    MRI quantitative analysis on cerebellum size in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer′s disease patients
    CHEN Li, ZHANG Cheng-qi, WANG Xin-yi, YANG Zhi-qiang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  85. 
    Abstract ( 948 )   PDF (548KB) ( 338 )   Save
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    Objective     To study the correlation between cognitive functions and volumetric measurements of the cerebellum in patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI) and Alzheimer′s disease(AD). Methods     Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) was performed on 18 patients with MCI,18 with AD and 18 healthy controls. Cerebellar tracing was performed using the manual segmentation function implemented in the BRAINS2 software, and the cerebellum was divided into four substructures(anterior lobe, superior posterior lobe, inferior posterior lobe and corpus medullare).The total cerebellar volume and the volumes of cerebellar substructures were compared among the three groups, and the relevance between the cerebellar volume and scores on mini-mental state examination(MMSE)was analyzed. Results    The volumes of posterior cerebellar lobes were significantly smaller in AD patients when compared with the healthy controls. In the AD group, atrophy of the inferior posterior cerebellar region was associated with poorer cognitive performance. In contrast, no significant difference was observed in the total cerebellar volume and the volumes of cerebellar substructures between subjects with MCI and the healthy controls. Conclusion     Measurement of the cerebellum size by MRI is helpful in the diagnosis of AD, and atrophy of the posterior cerebellar region of AD patients is associated with their poorer cognitive performance.

    Application of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of hyper-vascular neoplasms of the liver
    GUO Wei-hua1, LI Chuan-fu2, WEI Cong-xin2, HOU Jin-wen2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  88-91. 
    Abstract ( 1283 )   PDF (939KB) ( 478 )   Save
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    Objective     To evaluate the usefulness of  three-dimensional fast acquisition  plus multiphase enhanced fast GRE(3D FAME) sequence at 3.0T MR in diagnosing hypervascular neoplasms of the liver. Methods     MR imaging was performed on 40 patients with hepatic neoplasms, including 26 hepatocellular carcinoma, 12  hemangioma  and  2 metastases. The imaging protocol consisted of a conventional plain scan and 3D FAME multi-phase dynamic scan (hepatic arterial,portal venous, equilibrium and delayed phases).Enhancement patterns were observed and  the time-signal intensity curve(TIC) was analyzed. Results      There were characteristic enhancement  patterns  identified among various types of hyper-vascular liver masses. The time-signal intensity curve reflected the hemodynamic changes of  the lesions. TIC of hepatocellular carcinoma was classified as: a) type Ⅰ: sharp incline and decline, which was seen in 69%(18/26) of cases; and b) type Ⅱ : sharp incline with flat decline, which was seen in 31%(8/26)of cases. TIC of hemangioma was classified as: a) type Ⅰ: flat incline  and plateau, which was seen in 67%(8/12)of cases; b)  type Ⅱ : sharp incline and plateau, which was seen in 33%(4/12) of cases. Two hyper-vascular metastases cases showed early peripheral-rim enhancement. Conclusion     3.0 T dynamic contrastenhanced MRI is very helpful in diagnosing different  hyper-vascular neoplasms of the liver.

    Effectiveness and safety of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide in aged patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with heart failure
    CAI Wei-dong, LI Xiaolu, BI Yan-ping
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  92-94. 
    Abstract ( 1588 )   PDF (345KB) ( 311 )   Save
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    Objective     To study the clinical results of recombinant brain natriuretic peptide(rhBNP) in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) complicated with heart failure in aged patients. Methods      46 aged patients with AMI complicated with heart failure were randomly divided  into the rhBNP or control group. Besides routine therapy, the rhBNP group received rhBNP( 1.5~2.0μg/kg bolus intravenous injection followed by 0.0075μg/kg/min continuous infusion), while the control group was treated with nitroglycerin(starting at 5~10μg/min and increasing 5~10μg/min each time till the clinical effective dose was reached). Both drugs were administered for 3 days. The blood pressure, heart rate, total urine output, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening(FS), cardiac index(CI) and index of E/A were recorded before and after treatment. Results     After the treatment, heart rate and  blood pressure were significantly reduced and the total urine output was increased in the rhBNP group compared with the control group (P<0.05) .The levels of index of left ventricular contraction(EF,CI) and relaxation functions(E/A)in the rhBNP group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05) . The adverse drug reactions were lower in the rhBNP group than that  in the control group(9.1% vs 41.7%, P<0.05) . Conclusion     rhBNP is an efficient and safe agent in the treatment of aged patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with heart failure.

    Surgical treatment of  severe valvular heart diseases
    DONG Si-yuan, GU Tian-xiang, YU Lei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  95. 
    Abstract ( 945 )   PDF (382KB) ( 328 )   Save
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    Objective      To investigate the experiences of perioperative and surgical treatment of severe valvular heart diseases. Methods     From Dec. 2000 to Jun 2009, 276 patients with severe valvular heart diseases underwent surgical treatment. The perioperative treatment and the followup were observed. Results     There were 12 early operationrelated deaths and 62 patients with various postoperative complications. The mortality was 4.35%. 12 patients were lost during follow-up. The rest of the patients showed clinical improvements during a followup of 3 months to 9 years in which 6 patients died. The heart functions of 232 patients were class I - II. In another 8 and 6 patients, the heart functions were  class Ⅲ and Ⅳ, respectively. Conclusion     Patients with severe valvular heart diseases are susceptible to various complications after operation. Their nutrition and heart function must be improved perioperatively. Myocardial protection and  tricuspid treatment should be strengthened in operation. Treatment of postoperative complications is critical for a good prognosis.

    Changes of liver function at the early phase of biliary   complications following liver transplantation
    YANG Dejun, ZHANG Hai-bin, SI MA- Hui, ZHU Nan, YANG Guang-shun
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  98-100. 
    Abstract ( 1213 )   PDF (319KB) ( 174 )   Save
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    Objective     To explore the characteristic of early changes of liver function in ischemic-type biliary complications(ITBC) after liver transplantation(LT). Methods     Clinical data of 181 patients receiving LT were collected, and results were retrospectively analyzed by follow-up. Early changes of liver function in ITBC were statistically analyzed. Results    26 (14.36%,26/181) liver recipients developed BC, including 11 cases of ischemictype BC, out of which 9(81.82%,9/11)had bad results. Statistical analysis revealed that TBIL,ALT, ALP and r-GT had different increases, and the increases of ALP and r-GT were more obvious. Ischemic-type BC had higher doses of TBIL, ALP and r-GT than other types. ConclusionHigher doses of TBIL,ALP and r-GT at the early phase may be a signal of the occurrence of ITBC, which has a poor prognosis.

    Lamellar sectional anatomy of the eustachian tube and its surgical significance
    LI Xiao1, WANG Qi-rong1, LIU Shu-wei2, HAN Fei1, GU Lin-tao1, LIANG Hui1, CUI Zhao-yang1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  101-104. 
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    Objective      To provide lamellar sectional anatomy data for surgery of the eustachian tube. Methods     The digital freezing milling technique was used to obtain continuous sectional data in order to observe and measure the cross-sectional images of the eustachian tube and other structures around it. Results      The maximal longitude of the tubal torus was (4.92±22.68) mm, which was the width of the pharyngeal opening of the eustachian tube. On the plane of the pharyngeal opening, inferior nasal concha were observed in 19 of 30 subjects and the distance between them was (11.65±3.42)mm. The wall thickness between the bony part of auditory tube and carotid canal was (1.28±0.31)mm. Conclusion     The precise data of the eustachian tube and its surroundings can be identified by lamellar sectional anatomy image, which is helpful for surgery.

    Effects of narrowband-ultraviolet B combined with interferon α-2b on serum CCL27 level of mycosis fungoides patients
    SI Xiao-qing1, XIN Lin-lin1, LI Wen-fei1, LI Cheng-ming1, LI Chun-yang2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  105-107. 
    Abstract ( 1016 )   PDF (348KB) ( 303 )   Save
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    Objective     To observe the efficacy of narrowband-ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) combined with interferon α-2b in the treatment of mycosis fungoides (MF) patients and evaluate the effects of the procedures on serum CCL27 level. Methods      Seventeen patients with MF were treated with NB-UVB combined with interferon α-2b. Patient′s sera were collected before and after treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure serum CCL27 level. The control group consisted of sixteen healthy subjects. Results      Serum CCL27 level of MF patients was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01). The rate of complete clinical remission (CCR), partial clinical remission (PCR) and  total response rate (CCR+PCR) were 64.71%, 29.41%, and 94.12%, respectively. Serum CCL27 level significantly decreased after the combined treatment(P<0.01). Conclusion     NB-UVB combined with interferon α-2b in the treatment of  MF patients is an effective and safe therapy which can decrease the serum CCL27 level.

    Laparoscopic-assisted small incision relative live donor nephrectomy
    LIU Yang-dong, LI Xiang-tie, LIU Shao-ge, SHI Yan, YANG Xian-zhen
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  108-110. 
    Abstract ( 1146 )   PDF (336KB) ( 449 )   Save
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    Objective      To discuss the safety and practicability of the laparoscopic-assisted small incision live donor nephrectomy mode. Methods      Clinical data of 15 healthy kidney donors who adopted laparoscopic-assisted small incision for live donor nephrectomy were retrospectively analyzed in the  General Hospital of the Jinan Military Region from December 2007 to June 2009. Results     15 operations were successful, with the renal warm ischemia time being (40±15) s and the average operation time for donor kidney harvesting being 65 (50 to 85) min. Bleeding during operation was (50±20) mL and the average urination time after kidney opening blood flow was 1min. Transplanted kidney function return to normal time was 2 to 3 days. The serum creatinine level was (110±30) umol / L. The incision drainage intubated time was 1 to 3 days, and the postoperative hospital stay time was 5 to 6 days. Conclusion     Laparoscopic-assisted small incision live donor nephrectomy needs no pneumoperitoneum, has the characteristics of less trauma, shorter operation time, sooner recovery, higher security and availability, combines the advantages of laparoscopic and open surgeries, and has an excellent economical feature.

    Co-expression of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor-c in non-small cell lung cancer and their relationship  with lymphangiogenesis
    LIN Wen-li1, ZHANG Nan2, QU Fei3, LIU Jie2, WANG Jing-nan4, XIE Tian-yan3, SUN Yu-ping2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  111-115. 
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    Objective     To determine expressions of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor-c (VEGF-C)  and their relevance, and evaluate the relationship with lymphangiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods      Applying the immunohistochemical SP method, lymphatic vessels and expressions of HGF and VEGF-C were detected in 72 non-small cell lung cancer tissues and 20 adjacent normal tissues. Lymphatic micro-vessel density (LMVD) was counted with D2-40 as the specific marker of the lymphatic endothelium. The relationship of HGF and VEGF-C with LMVD and the clinicopathological features of NSCLC were then analyzed.  Results    HGF/VEGF -C positive expression rates were significantly higher than those in adjacent normal tissues(31.94% vs 15.00%, 48.65% vs 25.00%, both P<0.05), and there was a positive correlation between expressions of HGF and VEGF-C(r=0.170,P<0.05).Higher LMVD was found in NSCLC with HGF or VEGF-C positive expression [HGF:(16.98±4.31) vs (13.06±4.28), P<0.05; VEGF-C: ( 19.43±3.24) vs (14.66±3.51), P<0.05]. Expressionsof HGF and VEGF-C were positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (both P<0.05). Conclusion     In non-small cell lung cancer, co-expression of HGF and VEGF-C can promote lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis.

    Quality control of invigorating Qi and tonifying kidney “NaoShenKang” Capsule
    ZHONG Li-hong1, ZHAO Yu2, LIU De-shan3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  116-119. 
    Abstract ( 1315 )   PDF (772KB) ( 297 )   Save
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    Objective    To establish methods to determine polysaccharides, Astragaloside IV, kakkonein, icariin, berberinum and 5-HMF in  the “Naoshenkang”  Capsule. Methods    The content of polysaccharides in  the“Naoshenkang” Capsule was determined by sulfuric acid-phenol method. The content of Astragaloside IV was  determined by HPLCELSD, and other compounds, including kakkonein, icariin, berberinum and 5-HMF, in the capsule were determined by HPLC-UV/Vis. Results     The contents of polysaccharides, Astragaloside IV, kakkonein, icariin, berberinum and 5-HMF in  the “Naoshenkang” Capsule  were 5.01%、 0.00796%、 0.434%、0.0618%、 0.108% and 0.0219%, respectively. Conclusion    The preliminary quality control method is  established  for  the“Naoshenkang” Capsule. The result from the assays provided useful data for the further research of  the“Naoshenkang” Capsule.

    Case-control study of influencing factors of esophagitis in a high incidence area of esophageal squamous cell cancer
    ZHANG Hao1, ZHOU Ying-zhi2, DIAO Yutao3, LI Hui-qing3, ZHOU Rui-xue4, ZHAO De-li4 , LEI Fu-hua4
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  120-124. 
    Abstract ( 1093 )   PDF (376KB) ( 259 )   Save
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    Objective     To investigate the influencing factors of esophagitis in Feicheng City, a high incidence area of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) of Shandong Province, China. Methods      In a high incidence community of ESCC, a cohort of residents aged from 40 to 69 were examined for esophageal lesions. The case group included 357 cases of esophagitis diagnosed by staining endoscope and pathogenic examination, and 500 persons with normal esophageal mucosa determined by gastric endoscope served as the control group. The associations of family history of esophageal cancer, smoking, drinking and nutrition ingredients with esophagitis were analyzed, and OR and 95%CI were used as the association indicators. Results      Gender and age were regarded as adjusting factors. When no family history of  esophageal cancer was used as the base line, the OR was 1.830 (95%CI:1.1832.833) for those whose first-graderelatives had suffered from esophageal cancer; when smoking index=0 was used as the base line, the OR was 1.852 (95%CI :1.1423.005) for smoking index≥500; when drinking index=0 was used as the base line,the OR was 1.789(95%CI :1.1412.804) and 1.642(95%CI:1.0292.621)for drinking index <130 and ≥130 respectively; when no-smoking and no-drinking was used as the base line, the OR was 1.889(95%CI :1.1433.122) for both smoking and drinking; the annual intake of nutrition ingredients was classified into three levels, and when the lowest level was used as the base line, the ORs for fat, folic acid and iron reached significant levels. Conclusion      Family history of esophageal cancer, smoking and drinking are risk factors, but nutrition ingredients do not play obvious role for esophagitis. Abstinence from smoking and drinking is important to prevent esophagitis, and then reduce esophageal dysplasia and cancer in high incidence areas of esophageal cancer especially in those who have family history of esophageal cancer. 

    Prevalence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its influential factors in Jinan railway workers
    LI Shun-ping1, LIU Ting-ting2, CHEN Chun-hui1, LI Yong-mei2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  125. 
    Abstract ( 1051 )   PDF (338KB) ( 326 )   Save
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    Objective     To analyze the prevalence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its influential factors in railway workers. Methods     12094 physical examination results of Jinan railway workers in 2008 were involved. Single factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used. Results     The prevalence rate of NAFLD in railway workers was 33.8%, and there were significant differences in the prevalence rate among different age and gender groups. Single factor analysis showed that smoking, alcohol, and high levels of blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglycerides (TG) and body mass index (BMI) were the risk factors of NAFLD; multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, smoking, alcohol, abnormal FPG, high TG, and high BMI were the risk factors of NAFLD. Conclusion    The prevalence rate of NAFLD is at a high level and the prevention and treatment of NAFLD in railway workers should be strengthened.

    Cloning and expression of the tat gene from a patient with AIDS dementia complex in Escherichia coli
    PU Shuang-shuang1, YAN Yu-fen1, GAO Wen-hua2, WEN Hong-ling1, SONG Yan-yan1, XU Hong-zhi1, ZHAO Li1,3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(10):  128-132. 
    Abstract ( 1045 )   PDF (987KB) ( 324 )   Save
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    Objective    To explore variations of the HIV-1 trans-activator of transcription(HIV-1 tat) exon 1 gene from three different tissues of a patient who died of AIDS dementia complex(ADC)and express the Tat-GST protein in Escherichia coli BL21, for investigating the effect of the variation on neurotoxicity of Tat. Methods    The tat gene was amplified with PCR from genomic DNA which was extracted from three different tissues, spleen(SPL), meninges(MG) and basal ganglia(BG) of the patient, and the PCR products were cloned into the PGEM-T vector. Sequence results were analyzed with BioEdit. After being cut by BamHⅠ-and EcoRⅠ and reclaimed, the tat gene was cloned into the pGEXKG vector. The recombinant plasmid pGEX-KG-tat was transferred and expressed in E. coli BL21. Expressed products were identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Results    The tat exon 1 gene was successfully cloned. The sequence analysis showed that variations of the HIV-1 tat gene extracted from peripheral and central nerve tissues were different. The recombinant plasmid pGEX-KG-tat was effectively transferred and expressed in E. coli BL21, and SDS-PAGE and Western blot analyses which showed that the expressed protein was Tat. Conclusion    The tat exon 1 gene from peripheral and central nerve tissues was cloned and variations  exist and the TatGST fusion protein is efficiently expressed in E.coli, which can contribute to further research on neurotoxicity of Tat.