The frequent occurrences of emerging infectious diseases in recent years have caused huge burdens on the global economy and society. Climate-driven changes in the natural environment disrupt the ecosystem balance, destroy the habitat of wild animals, affect the survival, transmission and distribution of pathogens and their vectors and intermediate hosts, which contribute to increased risks of infectious diseases. Due to the complex links among climate change, human activity, nature environment, wildlife and pathogens, the challenge of emerging infectious diseases should be addressed with multidisciplinary and multi-sectoral collaboration in the future.