Table of Content

  

10 March 2014
Volume 52 Issue 3

Articles


Articles

Effects of ACE2 gene transfection on adhesion molecules in atherosclerotic plaque of ApoE-/- mice

HAO Qingqing1,2,3, ZHANG Yonghuan1,2,3, YU Qingtao1,2, ZHU Li1,2, CHEN Xu1,2, LI Shuying1,2, WANG Laicheng1,2, ZHANG Yuehui1,4, LI Ruifeng3,

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  1-6.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.656

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Objective  To construct replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus Ad-ACE2 and to investigate the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on the severity of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein-E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice. Methods  The full-length ACE2 encoding sequence was amplified from the RNA of mice kidney tissue by RT-PCR technique, cloned into plasmid pMD18-T vector, and then subcloned into plasmid pDC316 to form pDC316-ACE2. Homologous recombination was conducted between the shuttle plasmid and adenovirus skeleton plasmid to form recombinant adenovirus plasmid, then recombinant adenovirus plasmid was packed into replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus (Ad-ACE2) in the 293 cell. High-fat feeding was applied to establish 16 mice models of atherosclerosis, which were then divided into two groups randomly, receiving Ad-ACE2 and Ad-EGFP tail vein injection respectively. The lipid contents, protein expressions of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin were evaluated by Oil Red O staining, immunohistochemical method and Western blotting. Results  The recombinant plasmid Ad-ACE2 was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, enzyme digesting and DNA sequencing. The lipid contents, protein expressions of VCAM-1 and E-selectin were significantly lower in ACE2 gene treatment group than in ACE2 gene control group. Conclusion  Ad-ACE2 is constructed successfully. Overexpression of ACE2 gene can reduce the lipid contents and protein expressions of VCAM-1 and E-selectin in the atherosclerotic plaque, and alleviate the severity of atherosclerotic plaque in ApoE-/- mice.

Effect of Rosuvastatin on the expressions of SIRT1 signal pathway in the ApoE-/- mice cardiac myocytes

LIU Ying1,2, WANG Zhiyun1,2, XIE Yuanxing1,2, XI Zhenchuang1,2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  7-10.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.551

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bjective  To investigate the effects of Rosuvastatin on the expressions of SIRT1 and p-FOXO3a in the ApoE-/- mice cardiac myocytes.  Methods  A total of 10 C57BL/6J mice were randomly selected as the control group, which were given ordinary diet. Another 20 ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into the model group (n=10) and treatment group (n=10), which were fed with high lipid diet. The treatment group underwent Rosuvastatin suspension gavage, whereas the model group received the same volume of normal saline for 16 weeks. Serum lipid was detected with full-automatic biochemical instrument. The expressions of SIRT1 and p-FOXO3a were evaluated with Western  blotting. The expressions of SIRT1, SOD and MDA were detetced with immunohistochemical method.  Results  TC, TG, LDL-C and MDA significantly increased in the model group than in the control group, but the levels of HDL-C and SOD were lower in the model group (P<0.05), and the myocytes were hypertrophic. Meanwhile, the expressions of SIRT1 and p-FOXO3a protein in cardiac myocytes of the model group significantly decreased (P<0.05).Compared with the model group, the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and SOD significantly decreased whereas HDL-C and MDA increased in the treatment group (P<0.05). The expressions of SIRT1 and p-FOXO3a protein in cardiac myocytes markedly increased and myocardial cells arranged orderly.  Conclusion  ApoE-/-  mice fed with high-fat diet are prone to oxidative stress injury in cardiac myocytes, while Rosuvastatin can up-regulate the expressions of SIRT1 and p-FOXO3a, protecting the myocardium from such injury.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 induces neural stem cells to differentiate into neurons via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

ZHU Yuhua1, YUAN Honghua2, WU Lianlian2, HU Ankang1, CHEN Renjin1, ZHU Xiaorong1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  11-15.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.547

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Objective  To observe the effect of insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) on the differentiation of neural stem cells(NSCs)  cultured in vitro into neurons, and to explore its relationship with PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Methods  Neonatal hippocampus tissues were isolated from C57BL/6J mice to obtain NSCs cultures. The NSCs were treated with IGF-1 and the inhibitor(LY294002) at final concentrations of 100ng/mL and 50μmol/L, respectively. The NSCs were divided into four groups: IGF-1 group, normal control group, LY group and IGF-1+LY group. βⅢ Tubulin immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the differentiation of NSCs into neurons and DAPI nuclear staining was applied to quantify cell numbers; p-Akt immunofluorescnce staining was adopted to detect the expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in each group; Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of Akt and p-Akt proteins, followed by the comparison among each group. Results  IGF-1 could promote the differentiation of NSCs into neurons and the differentiation rate was significantly higher than that of normal control group， LY group and IGF-1+LY group（all P<0.05）; immunofluorescence staining Results   showed that the expression level of p-Akt in IGF-1 group was significantly higher than those of normal control group， LY group and IGF-1+LY group（all P<0.05）;  Western blotting Results   showed that IGF-1 promoted the phosphorylation of Akt, while  LY294002 inhibited Akt phosphorylation.  Conclusion  IGF-1 induces Akt hosphorylation via activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and promotes NSCs differentiating into neurons.

Establishment of PD rat model by injecting Taclo sterically and directionally into striatum

MENG Xiangji, PANG Qi, DING Feng, XIN Tao, YANG Hongan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  16-18.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.338

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Objective  To observe the destructive effects of 1-three chlorine methyl-l,2,3,4-four hydrogenation of beta carboline (Taclo) on the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra after striatal injection and search for a new method to establish parkinson disease (PD) rat model. Methods  Sixty Wistar male rats were randomly divided into polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Taclo groups, 30 in each group. Apomorphine-induced rotation was observed two weeks after injection and rats′ trajectory was recorded by the automatic video tracking system. The rats were sacrificed one month later and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry was conducted. Results  Twenty-four rats constantly rotated to the left side at a speed above 210r/30min in Taclo group. The trajectory became sparse in these rats. The Results   of immunohistochemistry showed that the number of TH-positive neurons in right substantia nigra of rats in Taclo group decreased than those in left substantia nigra and bilateral substantia nigra of rats in PEG group (P<0.05). Twenty-four rats can be regarded as successful PD rat models. Conclusion  PD rat model can be established by injecting Taclo sterically and directionally into the striatum.

Metabolic features of glioma cells observed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at high strength magnetic field

ZHANG Zhaotao1, ZHANG Hua2, HE Jingzhen1, ZHU Jianhui3, LIU Yun1, WANG Jianzhen1, LI Chuanfu1, ZENG Qingshi1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  19-22.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.607

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To observe the metabolic features of glioma cells by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) at 14.7T high strength magnetic field. Methods  Glioma cell lines C6 and  U251 were cultivated. Water-soluble metabolites were extracted by adding perchloric acid. 1H-MRS at 14.7T magnetic field was acquired and special metabolic ratios were calculated, including lactate (Lac) / creatine (Cr), succinate (Suc) / Cr, N-acetylaspartate (NAA) / Cr, choline (Cho) / Cr, Cho / NAA, Glycine (Gly) / Cr, and myo-inositol (MI) / Cr. Results  C6 and U251 cell lines had almost the same water-soluble metabolites but different metabolic ratios. Conclusion  MRS can be used to analyze cells’ metabolic features and monitor physiological or pathological state at the cell level.

Lentivirus mediated RNA interference inhibits NF-κB p65 gene expression in spinal rat cord neurons

LUO Jiangang, SUN Tao, LIN Xiaowen, LI Yun, ZHAO Fei, MIAO Guishen, FU Zhijian

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  23-26.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.604

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Objective  To construct a lentiviral vector for RNA interference of rat NF-κB p65 gene and transfect it  into spinal neurons to observe its silencing efficiency.  Methods  Three siRNA sequences and a negative control sequence were designed according to NF-κB p65 gene sequence of rats. The complementary DNA containing both sense and antisense DNA oligos of the targeting sequence was synthesized and cloned into the pFU-GW vector, which were digested by BamH I and EcoR I. The recombined vector was confirmed by PCR and DNA sequencing and cotransfected with pHelper1.0 and pHelper 2.0 packaging plasmids into 293T cells by use of Lipofectamine 2000, then the virus titer was measured. Finally, the recombinant lentivirus was transfected into spinal neurons, which were divided into five groups: negative control group, LV-NC group, LV-shNF-κB p65-1group, LV-shNF-κB p65-2 group and LV-shNF-κB p65-3 group. The transfection efficiencies were observed in each group. Results  DNA sequencing Results   demonstrated that the inserted sequences were correct. The titer of virus was 108-9 TU/mL. Recombinant lentivirus could be successfully transfected into spinal neurons with the transduction rate higher than 90%. Compared with negative control or LV-NC groups, LV-shNF-κB p65-1 or LV-shNF-κB p65-2 groups showed a lower expression level of NF-κBp65 protein（all P<0. 01）, while  LV-shNF-κB p65-3 group didn’t (P>0.05). Conclusion  The lentivirus RNAi vector targeting rat spinal neuronal NF-κB p65 gene has been constructed successfully. It may down-regulate NF-κB p65 expression in spinal neurons.

Expressions and effects of APC and β-catenin in lesions of  the esophagogastric junction

LI Shuai1, WU Honglei1, ZHOU Chengjun2, GUO Jianqiang1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  27-32.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.483

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Objective  To study the expressions of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and β-catenin in lesions of Barrett′s esophagus intestinal metaplasia (BEM), cardia intestinal metaplasia (CM) and adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric (AEG), and to investigate the mechanism of carcinogenesis. Methods  BEM specimens (n=33), CM specimens (n=36), and AEG specimens (n=42) were collected to examine the expressions of APC and β-catenin with immunochemical method, RT-PCR and Western blotting.  Results  The expression of APC decreased with the increasing malignancy of lesions. The different positioning sites of β-catenin might be related to the expression of APC in different lesions. The expressions of APC and β-catenin in the BEM group and CM group had no significant difference, and subsequent correlation studies discovered expressions of APC and β-catenin were similar in the BEM group and CM group. Conclusion  BEM and CM may be the same types of lesions, which are risk factors of AEG.

Hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates the impact of anxiety to visceral hypersensitivity

ZHAO Hongyu, CHEN Feixue, CAO Jing, QI Qingqing, LI Yueyue, ZUO Xiuli, LI Yanqing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  33-36.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.003

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Objective  To investigate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus of the maternally separated animals, and to explore the regulatory role of hippocampal BDNF on the impact of anxiety to visceral hypersensitivity. Methods  We used maternal separation (MS)   to study irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The anxiety of rats was observed and measured in open-field test, and then the visceromotor responses to colorectal balloon distension (CRD) were assessed by abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR). The expression of BDNF in hippocampus was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry. The correlations among anxiety, visceral hypersensitivity and the expression of BDNF in hippocampus were analyzed in MS rats. Results  Compared with control rats, MS rats showed more anxieties (P<0.05), and had more visceral pain (P<0.05) in response to each CRD pressure gradient (20, 40, 60 and 80mmHg). The protein expression of BDNF was increased in hippocampus of MS rats compared with controls (P<0.05), especially in the CA1 and CA3 areas of hippocampus (P<0.05). The level of anxiety was positively correlated with the hypersensitivity in MS rats, and the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus was positively correlated not only with the level of anxiety but also with hypersensitivity. Conclusion  Upregulation of BDNF expression in hippocampus plays an essential role in anxiety-induced visceral hypersensitivity in IBS.

Effect of hepatitis C virus core protein on the apoptosis of human hepatocytes

CAO Tong1, WANG Yiguo2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  37-39.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.495

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Objective  To investigate the effects of hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein on the apoptosis of human hepatocytes. Methods  The eukaryotic expressing vector for HCV core protein was constructed, and transfected with QSG7701 cells. The expressions of core protein and NF-κB were detected by Western blotting. The apoptosis rate of QSG7701 cells was measured with flow cytometry. Results  The apoptosis of QSG7701/core was (1.34±0.07)%, lower than (2.35±0.11)% of QSG7701 and (2.58±0.13)% of QSG7701/pcDNA-3.1, with statistical significant difference (P<0.05). Besides, the transcription factor NF-κB was activated.  Conclusion  HCV core protein suppresses apoptosis of QSG7701 possibly by activating the transcription factor NF-κB.

Experimental study of the bletilla striata glucomanan composited scaffolds by orthogonal experiment

LIU Xuewei1, HOU Xuhao2, CHEN Yihui1, SUN Qinfeng1, PENG Fengmei3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  40-44.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.527

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Objective  To study the preparation of bletilla striata glucomanan composited scaffolds used for bone tissue regeneration and to analyze its optimum proportion by orthogonal experiment. Methods  Bletilla striata glucomannan was oxidized by sodium periodate, mixed with hydroxypropyl chitosan and nano-nacre powder, and then the scaffold was created by freeze-dry method, and its properties were tested. Results  Bletilla striata glucomanan composited scaffolds was synthesized and optimized. All its properties met the requirements of tissue engineering. Conclusion  This study optimized Bletilla striata glucomanan composited scaffolds successfully by orthogonal experiment. It provided a theoretical basis for further research on the scaffold, which may become a new material for bone tissue regeneration.

Combinational and sequential effect of sunitinib and gemcitabine on K-RAS mutant A549 cells

SUN Jie, MU Xiaoyan, DONG Xueli

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  45-49.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.365

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Objective  To study the effect of monotherapeutic, combinational and sequential applications of sunitinib and gemcitabine on the proliferation and apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and explore its mechanism. Methods  The cells were divided into the control group, sunitinib group, gemcitabine group, gemcitabine following sunitinib group, sunitinib following gemcitabine group, and combination group. After A549 cells were treated with monotherapeutic, combinational and sequential applications of sunitinib and gemcitabine, the cell growth inhibitory rate was measured by MTT assay; cellular apoptotic morphology changes were detected by Hoechst 33258 staining; cell cycle and apoptosis rate were evaluated by flow cytometry; the expressions of phosphorylation extracellular regulated protein kinase(P-ERK1/2) and phosphorylation protein kinase B (P-AKT) were detected by Western blotting. Results  A549 cells were resistant to sunitinib while sensitive to gemcitabine. The growth inhibitory and apoptosis rate in sunitinib following gemcitabine group were higher than those in gemcitabine group (P<0.05). Gemcitabine and sunitinib mainly blocked A549 cells on the S phase and G1 phase respectively. The cells in G1 phase of sunitinib following gemcitabine group increased while the cells in S phase decreased than those in the control group (P<0.05). Expressions of P-ERK1/2 and P-AKT were further inhibited in sunitinib following gemcitabine group than sunitinib group (P<0.05). Conclusion  The application of sunitinib following gemcitabine on A549 cells has synergistic effect. The mechanism is related to the expression of tyrosine kinase receptor signal pathway.

Long-term effect of sciatic nerve block with ropivacaine PEG-PLA microparticles in a rat model of postoperative pain

HUANG Haizhen1, HU Qiya1, DING Chao1, GUO Yaqiu1, QI Feng1, REN Jie2, PAN Xiaojun1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  50-55.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.724

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Objective  To investigate the efficiency of ropivacaine PEG-PLA microspheres for sciatic nerve block in rats. Methods  Eighty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=20, each) and were treated with 0.2mL of 0.9% saline(control group),10mg of PEG-PLA(PEG-PLA group), 0.2mL of 0.5% ropivacaine(ropivacaine group) and 10mg of 10% Rop-PEG-PLA microspheres(Rop-PEG-PLA group), respectively. The incision pain models were produced as described by Brennan. Mechanical thresholds and thermal latencies were measured at 24h before incision and at 2, 4, 8h, as well as 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7d after incision. Expression of c-fos protein in the spinal cord was determined by immunohistochemistry at 2h and 2d after incision. The ropivacaine concentration in plasma of ropivacaine group and Rop-PEG-PLA group was detected by HPLC analysis. Results  Behavioral testing and c-fos expression in PEG-PLA group showed no significant difference compared with those in control group(P＞0.05). The thresholds and latencies in ropivacaine group and Rop-PEG-PLA group were significantly higher than those in control group at 2h after incision(P＜0.05). Expressions of c-fos protein were suppressed in ropivacaine group and Rop-PEG-PLA  group at 2h after incision, compared with that in  control group(P＜0.05). The duration of anti-hyperalgesia effect（3d vs 2h）and ropivacaine concentration in plasma ( 8h vs 4h) in Rop-PEG-PLA group were longer than those  in ropivacaine group, and c-fos expression in Rop-PEG-PLA group was  lower than that in ropivacaine group at 2d after incision (P＜0.05). Conclusion  Single administration of ropivacaine PEG-PLA microspheres for sciatic nerve block provides effective analgesia for postoperative pain for 3d.

Effect of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone on the expressions of OPG and  RANKL mRNA in mouse osteoblasts

QIAO Zhen1, QI Caihui1, YANG Meizi2, JIN Yongjun1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  56-58.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.344

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Objective  To investigate the types of melanocortin receptor (MCR) of the primary osteoblasts, and the effect of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) on the expressions of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) mRNA in  mouse osteoblasts. Methods  Calvarial osteoblasts were separated and cultured in vitro by the mechanical separation and enzyme digestion method. The primary osteoblasts were divided into groups A, B and C, which were treated with 10-7, 10-8 and 10-9 mol/L α-MSH respectively for 12 h; the primary osteoblasts were divided into groups D, E and F, which were treated with 10-7 mol/L α-MSH for 6, 12 and 24h respectively. Control group was set up at the same time. The expressions of OPG and RANKL mRNA were detected by Real-Time PCR. MCR subtypes in the primary osteoblasts were measured by RT-PCR. Results  MC1R, MC2R, MC4R and MC5R were expressed in primary cultured osteoblasts.The expressions of OPG and RANKL mRNA significantly increased after incubation with α-MSH (P<0.05). Conclusion  α-MSH might promote the expressions of OPG and RANKL mRNA in the primary osteoblasts through MCR system.

Relationship between serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and fasting blood glucose in healthy adults of Jinan

ZHANG Yanling1, ZHANG Xu1, ZHANG Wenwen1, WANG Furong2, YU Chunxiao1, GUAN Qingbo1, YU Guina1, GAO Ling3, ZHAO Jiajun1, XU Jin1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  59-63.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.710

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Objective  To analyze the relationships among serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D［25(OH)D］ level, fasting blood glucose(FBG) and insulin sensitivity in the adults of Chinese Han population  from Jinan. Methods  A total of 1244 subjects who lived in Jinan more than five years and aged between 20 to 82 years were included with random sampling method in this cross-sectional study. All individuals were divided into four groups based on the serum level of 25(OH)D:group A (≤32.1nmol/L), group B (32.2-37.7nmol/L), group C (37.8-47.4nmol/L) and group D(≥47.5nmol/L). Analysis of covariance was performed to compare serum FBG levels in the four groups. Simple and partial correlations and bivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the associations among FBG, insulin sensitivity and serum level of 25(OH)D. Results  The estimated prevalence of impaired fasting glucose was nearly 9.24%. After adjustments for age and gender, FBG showed a decrease with the increase of serum 25(OH)D level. After adjustments for the confounding factors such as age, gender, drinking status, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol  and uric acid, serum 25(OH)D level showed significant inverse correlation to FBG(r=-0.086， P=0.002) and significant positive correlation to log HOMA-β (r=0.079， P=0.005), whereas no significant correlation was found between log HOMA-IR and 25(OH)D. Bivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that serum 25(OH)D level was associated with impaired fasting glucose and Vitamine D may be a protective factor for FBG(OR=0.974, 95%CI: 0.955-0.992, P=0.006). Conclusion  Serum 25(OH)D level is closely related to FBG and the low 25(OH)D level may be a risk factor for impaired fasting glucose.

Clinical effects of dual trigger on oocyte maturation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin

HOU Yanru1, LU Qun1,2, SHEN Huan1,2, QIANG Lijuan1, CHEN Xi1，LIANG Rong1, LI Bo1, ZHANG Wanxuan1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  64-67.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.728

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Objective  To investigate the clinical effect of dual trigger with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) and low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on oocyte maturation for normal responders. Methods  Complete clinical data of 270 in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer（IVF-ET）cycles from normal responder patients with a GnRH antagonist-based ovarian stimulation protocol who were transferred with fresh embryos were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups based on trigger protocols: hCG group, GnRHa and low-dose hCG group，GnRHa group. The retrieved oocytes, clinical pregnancy rates, implantation and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) were compared. Results  The retrieved oocytes in GnRHa and low-dose hCG group significantly increased compared with the other two groups even though the number of large follicles on trigger day were similar. Clinical pregnancy rates of hCG group, GnRHa and low-dose hCG group and GnRHa group were 41.72%, 59.49% and 40.00%, respectively, which were significantly different（all P<0.05）. The implantation rates of hCG group, GnRHa and low-dose hCG group and GnRHa group were 23.53%, 35.43% and 23.40%, respectively, which were also significantly different（all P<0.05）. The miscarriage rates among the three groups were similar（P>0.05）. Only one woman with pregnancy in hCG group developed mild OHSS. Conclusion  Dual trigger of oocyte maturation with GnRHa and low-dose hCG in normal responders can increase retrieved oocytes and  improve implantation rate and pregnancy rate.

Prediction of calcium oxalate monohydrate urinary stones by twinkling artifact—a preliminary study

SUN Xiao1, DONG Hui2, LI Jie1, SHI Dandan1, LIU Congcong1, NING Song1, SHANG Mengmeng1, LIU Qing1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  68-71.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.657

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Objective  To assess the value of twinkling artifact (TA) in quantitative prediction of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stones. Methods  Twenty-five COM stones (COM group) and twenty-five stones of other chemical compositions (non-COM group) were included in this study. All urinary stones were studied in vitro with color Doppler ultrasound. The twinkling artifact width (TAW), height (TAH) and intensity (TAI) were recorded. The relationships between the data were analyzed statistically, followed by the illustration of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results  TAW, TAH and TAI of COM group were obviously smaller than those of non-COM group (all P<0.01). The ROC curve displayed that the cutoff value of TAI at 1661 could be used to diagnose COM stones. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under the curve were 84.0%, 76.0%, 80.0% and 0.80, respectively. Conclusion  TA may be helpful in the  detection of COM stones and instruction of stone treatment.

Correlation between hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype and mild cognitive impairment in patients with IGT

HUANG Fen， JIANG Yu

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  72-74.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.457

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 Objective  To investigate the correlation between hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype (HTWC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Methods  A number of 200 patients with IGT were divided into four groups: normal triglyceride and waist circumference group (group A, n=45),simple abdominal obesity group (group B, n=49),  simple high triglyceride group (group C, n=48),HTWC group (group D, n=58). Indexes such as fasting plasma glucose (FPG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure, and intimae-media thickness (IMT) were measured. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA) were applied to evaluate cognitive function. Results  The MMSE and MOCA of group D were significantly lower than those of the other three groups (P< 0.01). Group D had higher prevalence of MCI than the other three groups (P<0.01).  Conclusion  Hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype is correlated with mild cognitive impairment.

 CD40L expressed on activated platelets attained in vivo and its effects on expression of inflammatory cytokines in endothelial cells

QU Jing1, ZHAO Aiping1, DING Botong2, CHEN Yun1, CHANG Yali1, GUO Nongjian1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  75-78.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.609

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Objective  To investigate the effects of platelets surface CD40L attained in vivo on the endothelial inflammatory reaction. Methods  CD62P and CD40L expressed on platelets were measured by flow cytometry in patients with acute myocardial infraction (AMI group, n=20) and healthy people (normal control group, n=20). Platelets were isolated from the two groups, and then were co-incubated with cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) respectively. Membrane-bound intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), E-selectin and soluble interleukin-8 (IL-8) produced by HUVECs were measured with flow cytometry and ELISA respectively. Results  The CD62P and CD40L expressions significantly increased in the AMI group compared with those in the normal control group (P<0.01). Platelets of the AMI group up-regulated the production of ICAM-1, E-selectin and IL-8 in HUVECs (all P<0.01). CD40L-specific monoclonal antibody could prohibit the high expression of inflammatory cytokines in the AMI group (P<0.01), while the platelets of normal control group had no effect on the induction of inflammatory cytokines (P>0.05). Conclusion  Activated platelets in AMI patients   have a high expression of CD40L and induce endothelial cells to express inflammatory cytokines at the same time.

Endovascular embolization for acute abdominal bleeding

SUN Xiangyang, ZHANG Kai, XIE Fubo, LI Caixia

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  79-81.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.419

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Objective  To explore the clinical significance of endovascular embolization for acute abdominal bleeding. Methods  A total of 66 patients with acute abdominal bleeding received arteriography and endovascular embolization, among whom 28 had gastric bleeding, 12 intestinal bleeding, 17 uterine bleeding, 3 hepatic bleeding, 2 renal bleeding and 4 postoperative acute bleeding. Results  With selective arteriography, 65 cases were confirmed. The rate of positive diagnosis was 98.5%. The direct sign of bleeding, extravasation of contrast media, was shown in 36 cases, with a positive rate of 54.5%. Pseudoaneurysm was indicated in 13 cases. The tumor blood feeding branches and tumor staining were seen in 21 cases. The thickened uterine arteries and increased number of branches were revealed in 12 cases. The vascular dysplasia was demonstrated in 1 case. The instant hemostasis was achieved in all diagnosed cases by the first embolization without complication. However, one patient with gastrointestinal bleeding relapsed 4 days after embolization and was successfully treated by the second embolization. The success rate of hemostasis was 98.5%. Conclusion  Selective angiography and intravascular embolization can accurately locate the acute bleeding site and achieve rapid hemostasis, which is a safe, quick and cost-effective method.

Prevalence and risk factors of dry eye syndrome in senior high school students in Shouguang City of Shandong Province, China

ZHANG Ying, CHEN Hongmei, WU Xinyi

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  82-85.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.055

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Objective  To analyze the prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES) and its risk factors in senior high school students in Shouguang City of Shandong Province, China. Methods  In this cross-sectional survey, 1902 senior high school students were selected by a random cluster sampling in July 2010 to complete a questionnaire about DES. Risk factors associated with DES were evaluated with a χ2  test and logistic regression analysis. Results  The prevalence of DES was 23.7% and varied with the grade (P<0.001). Inadequate refractive correction, frequent self-administered ophthalmic medications and poor sleep quality were major risk factors for DES. However, students in different grades had different risk factors: myopia, contact lens wear and inadequate refractive correction in senior one; inadequate refractive correction and frequent self-administered ophthalmic medications in senior two; and frequent self-administered ophthalmic medications, poor sleep quality and self-reported stress in senior three. Conclusion  Senior high school students have a high prevalence of DES with different risk factors in each grade. So, we should take preventive measures against risk factors of DES in each grade.

Effects of short-term treatment of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycosidium on T-lymphocyte subsets in thyroid tissue of Hashimoto′s disease

NIU Ruifang1, ZHANG Chunling2, ZHAI Yaping3,MA Yuehua3, LI Xiaoling3, ZHAO Zhigang3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  86-89.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.736

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Objective  To observe the effects of short-term treatment of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycosidium (TWP) on T-lymphocyte subsets in thyroid tissue of Hashimoto′s disease. Methods  A total of 60 patients with Hashimoto′s disease were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control group (n=30) receiving levothyroxine sodium or thyrozol, and the TWP group (n=30)  treated with TWP besides levothyroxine sodium or thyrozol. After 3-month treatment, the changes of T-lymphocyte subsets were observed and compared, including the total T-lymphocytes (CD3+), regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+), helper T-cell (CD3+CD4+), total B-lymphocytes (CD3-CD19+), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD3+CD8+), the degree of lymphocytic infiltrates, TG-Ab, TPO-Ab and TRAb. Results  After the treatment of TWP, the numbers of CD3+ T cells and CD3+CD4+ Treg cells  reduced (P<0.05), and were significantly lower than those of the control group after treatment (P<0.05); the numbers of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and CD3+CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes increased (P<0.05), and were significantly higher than those of the control group after treatment (P<0.05). Lymphocyte infiltration in the thyroid reduced (P<0.05), and was less than that of the control group (P<0.05). Three kinds of antibodies of the TWP group had declined more significantly than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion  TWP short-term treatment has obvious immunomodulatory effects on improving the distribution of T-lymphocyte subsets, lymphocyte infiltration and autoimmune thyroid antibodies.

Screening of high-risk population after endoscopic polypectomy of colorectal adenomatous polyps

LI Guangchun1, SI Zhiwen1, WU Honglei1, ZHOU Chengjun2, ZHU Kongxi1, LIU Bin1, GUO Jianqiang1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  92-95.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.578

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Objective  To investigate the correlative factors for the recurrence of adenomatous polyps after endoscopic treatment so as to screen out high risk people and to provide information for proper surveillance. Methods  The data of the adenoma recurrence among patients undergone endoscopic polypectomy from January 2000 to March 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the association between risk factors and adenoma recurrence. Results  A total of 249 cases (26.83%) developed new adenomas during the follow-up. Univariate analysis indicated that adenoma recurrence was associated with age, number of adenomas, adenoma diameter, location, pathological type, grade of dysplasia, basilar part and treatment method, but not with gender. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, number of adenomas, adenoma diameter, pathological type, grade of dysplasia, and basilar part were independent risk factors of adenoma recurrence whereas adenoma location and treatment method were not. Conclusion  Patients aged 60 years, with adenoma number ≥3, diameter > 10mm, villous, high grade of dysplasia and sessile adenoma, have high risk of adenoma recurrence. Adenomas tend to recur in patients with more risk factors; therefore, intensive surveillance is recommended.

Factor analysis of the simplified coping style questionnaire

WANG Duanwei1,2, ZHANG Jingxuan2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  96-100.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.380

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 Objective  To explore the internal structure of the simplified coping style questionnaire through factor analysis, to analyze the relationship between the factors and the state of mental health, and to compare them with the two dimensional factor models of SCSQ. Methods  Stratified multistage cluster randomization was adopted to randomly select 23987 individuals ≥ 18 years of age from 20 urban neighborhoods (from 10 sub-districts in 5 urban districts) and 60 rural villages (from 30 rural townships in 15 counties) from 5 prefecture-level cities of Shandong Province. These subjects were assessed by general healthy questionnaire and simplified coping style questionnaire, and 22 718 persons actually completed questionnaires. Epidata 3.1 and SPSS 18.0 were applied to conduct statistical analysis. Results  The 20 items of the SCSQ were divided into 5 factors, which included active problem-focused coping styles (factor Ⅰ), active emotion-focused coping styles (factor Ⅱ), passive emotion-focused coping styles (factor Ⅲ), passive problem-focused coping styles (factor Ⅳ) and psychological counseling (factor Ⅴ). Every factor score of five dimensional factor models and two dimensional factor models were significantly related with the state of mental health, and every factor score of the different mental health state had significant difference. Conclusion  Compared with the two dimensional factor models, the five dimensional factor models can reflect the internal structure of SCSQ in multiple dimensions, and the mental health state of different population.

Relationship between metabolic syndrome and serum bilirubin in asymptomatic population of Jinan, China

LIU Congcong1, ZHU Yun2, SONG Cuiling3, LIU Ping4

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  101-105.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.518

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Objective  To investigate the association between serum bilirubin and metabolic syndrome (MS) of asymptomatic populations in one tertiary hospital of Jinan, Shandong Province, China. Methods  A total of 4896 subjects who came to Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University for routine health check-up from January 2012 to September 2012 were enrolled in this study. Demographic information was collected by questionnaire. The data of physical examination and laboratory test were collected. Pearson correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed in order to find out the relationship between serum bilirubin and MS (components). Results  The prevalence rate of MS was 10.7% and it was higher in males than in females(13.1% vs 7.2%， χ2 =44.486，P<0.001).The fasting direct bilirubin (DBIL) levels were lower in both males and females with MS than in those without MS ［(2.55±0.78)μmol/L vs (2.79±0.92)μmol/L for males and (2.09±0.84)μmol/L vs (2.29±0.85)μmol/L for females, P<0.01］. Total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin levels had no significant differences between the two groups. Partial correlation analysis found that DBIL was inversely related with BMI, fasting serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-C(P<0.05). It also found that DBIL was positively related with HDL-C (P<0.001). After adjustment for age, alcohol intake, uric acid, AST, ALT and GGT, the significance of inverse association between DBIL and MS became attenuated in females while was still consistent in males. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the lowest, 2nd and 3rd quartiles of DBIL compared with the highest quartile were 1.7(1.2-2.4), 1.7(1.2-2.3) and 1.3(1.0-1.8) in males and 1.3(0.6-2.8), 1.3(0.6-2.9) and 1.3(0.6-3.0) in females respectively. Conclusion  The prevalence of MS is inversely correlated with fasting DBIL among asymptomatic male population.

Influencing factors of drug treatment compliance among patients with HIV/AIDS in Jinan city of China

LI Jianzhuo, JIN Yan, YANG Hui, LI Xinrui, HU Yanxia, ZHANG Changqing, ZHU Yanwen, RUAN Shiman

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2014, 52(3):  106-110.  doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2013.542

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Objective  To understand the status of drug treatment compliance among patients with HIV/AIDS and to explore the influencing factors. Methods  A questionnairy was used to survey the compliance of all patients with HIV/AIDS receiving drug treatment in Jinan city. The collected data were analyzed by univariate and binary logistic regression model. Results  A total of 184 valid questionnaires were completed and the compliance rate was 78.80%. Multivariate analysis showed two protective factors, including the awareness of AIDS antiretroviral therapy knowledge and the reminding of taking medicine, with odds ratios of 0.138 (95%CI: 0.038-0.502) and 0.293 (95%CI: 0.086-0.996) respectively. The risk factors included drug-side effects or missing drugs and their odds ratios were 5.061 (95%CI: 1.693-15.132) and 8.283 (95%CI: 1.739-39.439) respectively. Conclusion  The appropriate measures based on the above factors should be taken seriously to improve the patients’ compliance of drug treatment.