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    16 October 2009
    Volume 47 Issue 10
    Articles
    Effects of longterm highprotein diet on the pancreatic 
    islet in dietinduced obese rats
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  1-4. 
    Abstract ( 1211 )   PDF (569KB) ( 454 )   Save
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    To investigate the effects of a longterm isocaloric highprotein diet on morphology and function of the pancreatic islet in dietinduced obese rats. Methods: Dietinduced obese rat models were established by feeding a fatenriched diet. The obese male rats were randomly divided into three groups: the highprotein diet group (HP group, n=12), the highfat diet group (HF group, n=11), and the normal food group (NC group, n=11). The total calorie ingestion of each rat per day was similar and was maintained for 24 weeks. Then body weight, visceral fat mass and fasting plasma glucagonlike peptide1 (GLP1) were determined. The insulin secretory function of the islet was evaluated by an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), and morphological analysis of the  pancreatic islet was assessed by immunohistochemistry. ResultsCompared with the NC group, body weight [(490.92±39.47)g vs (545.55±31.08)g, P<0.01] and visceral fat mass [(22.42±7.04)g vs (32.33±9.27)g, P<0.05] in HP rats were significantly lower, but those indices were both higher [(656.01±58.49)g  vs (545.55±31.08)g, (55.33±17.81)g vs(32.33±9.27)g, and both P<0.01] in the HF group. As to IVGTT, there were no differences in blood glucose among the three groups, but the serum insulin levels at 5min and 10 min were significantly lower in HP than in NC [(91.56±21.72) mIU/L vs (121.29±34.03) mIU/L; (58.62±15.80) mIU/L vs (81.12±24.36) mIU/L, both P<0.05], and 0 min and 10 min insulin levels were significantly higher in HF than in NC[(40.21±14.12) mIU/L vs (27.48±11.31) mIU/L,(98.15±27.58) mIU/L vs (81.12±24.36) mIU/L, both P<0.05].  Plasma GLP1 level  was significantly lower in HP rats [(0.52±0.13)μg/L vs(0.71±0.19)μg/L,P<0.05], and there was an  increased trend in the HF group [(1.03±0.28)μg/L vs(0.71±0.19)μg/L, P=0.11] compared with the NC group. Immunohistochemistry showed that there were no differences in morphology between HP and NC rats, but HF rats had a larger islet size,a lower ratio of insulin positive area to the islet,and a higher grey level(all P<0.05)compared with NC rats. ConclusionCompared with impairment of islet morphology and function by highfat diets,longterm isocaloric highprotein intake may reduce the first phase secretion of insulin in dietinduced obese rats, but there was no alteration in islet morphology. The decrease of insulin secretion may be related to GLP1 decline and weight loss.

    Effects of adiponectin on glucose uptake in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  5-8. 
    Abstract ( 1189 )   PDF (399KB) ( 311 )   Save
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    To observe the effects of adiponectin on basal and insulininduced glucose uptake in L6 rat skeletal muscle myoblasts. MethodsWildtype L6 cells were divided into 3 groups: the adiponectin treatment group(stimulation with adiponectin for 30?min), the insulin treatment group(stimulation with 10?nmol/L insulin for 20?min) and the control group. After treatments, the glucose uptake of each group was determined. L6 cells stably expressing GLUT4(Glucose transporter 4)were divided into 6 groups: the control group, the adiponectin treatment group(stimulation with adiponectin for 30?min), the lower concentration of insulin group(stimulation with 0.1?nmol/L insulin for 20?min), the higher concentration of insulin group(stimulation with 10?nmol/Linsulin for 20?min), the adiponectin+lower concentration of insulin group (pretreatment with adiponectin for 30?min, then stimulation with 0.1?nmol/L insulin for 20?min), and the adiponectin+higher concentration of insulin group (pretreatment with adiponectin for 30?min, then stimulation with 10?nmol/L insulin for 20?min). After treatments, glucose uptake and plasma membrane GLUT4 content were determined.  ResultsIn wildtype L6 cells: the glucose uptake of the adiponectin treatment group was not significantly different from that of the control(P>0.05).  In L6GLUT4 cells: ① Without insulin stimulation, the glucose uptake and the plasma membrane GLUT4 content of the adiponectin treatment group were not significantly different from those of the control(P>0.05, respectively ). ② The glucose uptake and the  plasma membrane GLUT4 content of the lower concentration of insulin treatment group were both  significantly higher than those of the control (P<0.01, respectively). With lower concentration of insulin treatment, the glucose uptake and the plasma membrane GLUT4 content of cells pretreated with adiponectin were both higher than those of the adiponectin treatment group(P<0.01, respectively), and were also significantly higher than those of the lower concentration of insulin treatment group(P<0.01, respectively). ③ With higher concentration of insulin treatment, the glucose uptake and the plasma membrane GLUT4 content were further increased when compared with those with lower concentration of insulin treatment(P<0.05,  P<0.01, respectively). Compared with the adiponectin + lower concentration of insulin group, the glucose uptake of the adiponectin + higher concentration of insulin group was significantly increased(P<0.05), and was also higher than that of the higher concentration of insulin group, however the plasma membrane GLUT4 content of the adiponectin + higher concentration of insulin group was neither significantly different from that of the adiponectin + lower concentration of insulin group(P>0.05)nor that of the higher concentration of insulin treatment group(P>0.05). Conclusion① Adiponectin has no effect on basal glucose uptake of L6 rat skeletal muscle cells. ② Adiponectin alone is not sufficient to cause GLUT4 plasma membrane translocation and glucose uptake in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells. ③ Adiponectin enhances insulininduced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells possibly by sensitizing insulininduced GLUT4 plasma membrane translocation and by increasing the efficacy of GLUT4 mediated glucose transportation.

    Cardial protective effect of calcium dobesilate on diabetic rats
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  9-14. 
    Abstract ( 896 )   PDF (960KB) ( 422 )   Save
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    To explore the effect of calcium dobesilate on diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. MethodsWistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control group(N), the diabetic group(DM) and the diabetic group treated with calcium dobesilate(T). Rats in the T group were fed with calcium dobesilate for 8 weeks. At the end of the 8th week, rats were killed for light microscopy and electron microscopy. Then expressions of PAI1 and MMP9 were determined by immunohistochemistry. ResultsCompared with the N group, rats in the DM group had abnormal cardiac ultrastructure with confusion of myofibril and swelling and gathering of mitochondria. VG staining showed that the collagen content was increased in diabetic rat hearts. Expression of PAI1 was increased in diabetic myocardium, while expression of MMP9 was obviously decreased. The above trends were significantly improved in the T group. ConclusionCalcium dobesilate postpones the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy through inhibiting myocardial fibrosis.

    Expressions of IL10 and TGFβ and their relations with Islet beta cell
    function in adults with latent autoimmune diabetes
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  15-18. 
    Abstract ( 1053 )   PDF (258KB) ( 268 )   Save
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    To investigate changes and significance of IL10 and TGFβ in the peripheral blood of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) patients. Methods30 LADA patients, 30 type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients and 30 volunteers were involved in this study. Levels of IL10 and TGFβ in the peripheral blood were determined by ELISA. A homeostasis model assessment of insulin secretion (HOMAIS) was used to estimate insulin function. ResultsIL10 in the LADA group was lower than that in the T2DM group but was higher than that in the control group. TGFβhad no significant difference between the LADA group and the T2DM group. IL10 had a positive correlation with LnHOMAIS(r=0.314,P=0.017). ConclusionOur results suggest that an imbalance of cell immunity exists in LADA patients, which can not maintain the autoimmune tolerance and promote the generation and development of LADA, and is the main reason for impaired islet beta cell functions in LADA patients.

    Expression of bHLH genes in differentiation of P19 cells
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  19-22. 
    Abstract ( 1062 )   PDF (614KB) ( 363 )   Save
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    To investigate the differentiation mechanisms of P19 cells by determining expression of the basic helixloophelix (bHLH) genes. MethodsP19 cells were primarily cultured and were induced to differentiate by retinoic acid(RA). Reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction( RTPCR) was used to detect expression of Mash1, Math1 and Nscl2 mRNA in P19 cells before differentiation and at 2 and 4?d after differentiation. Western blot analysis was used to detect expression of Mash1. ResultsExpressions of Mash1 and Nscl2 mRNA increased with time, and at the 2?d after differentiation they reached a peak and then decreased. Math1 was highly expressed after differentiation. Protein expression of Mash1 was the as same as the mRNA expression of it. ConclusionThe expression pattern of mRNA of the bHLH genes was detected, which may contribute to explaining the mechanisms of neural differentiation.

    Construction of recombinant adenovirus vector expressing neprilysin and 
    effect on reducing the Aβ′s deposition of recombinant adenovirus
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  23-27. 
    Abstract ( 1117 )   PDF (587KB) ( 367 )   Save
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    To construct the recombinant adenovirus vector carrying the human gene neprilysin (NEP), obtain a high titer virus by packing and increasing, and explore the reducing of Aβ′s deposition to the damaged cells. MethodsA shuttle plasmid pAdeasyl was constructed in bacteria  and pAdNEP was generated. The replicationdeficient adenovirus was packed and propagated in the cell 293. Then the person′s nerve metrocyte lump cell SKNSH cells were infected  and NEP expression was  examined by RTPCR and Western blot. The endogenous damaged SKNSH cells were infected and the degeneration to Aβ was examined. ResultsAdNEP and control adenovirus AdGFP were successfully constructed. The recombinant adenovirus can efficiently infect the person′s nerve metrocyte lump cell SKNSH cells and can be used to examine high expression of NEP. The result of Elisa showed that high expression of NEP can reduce the extracellular deposition of Aβ. ConclusionHomologous recombination in bacteria is a simple and convenient strategy to generate adenovirus expressing exogenous genes. The nerve cells infected by ADNEP may reduce the deposition of Aβ through high expression of NEP.

    Prokaryotic expression of Staphylococal Protein A and 
    initial study of the affinity
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  28-31. 
    Abstract ( 1410 )   PDF (843KB) ( 742 )   Save
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    To construct an expression plasmid and express Staphylococcus aureus Protein A(SPA) in a prokaryotic expression system. The initially study concerned the affinity of purified SPA with IgGs from different sorts of animals. MethodsPCR was used to amplify the target gene with the genome of Staphylococcus aureus as a template. The recombination plasmid pET30a(+)SPA was constructed and transformed into E.coli BL21 competent cells. The recombinant protein was expressed with induction of IPTG and identified by SDSPAGE and Westernblot followed by purification with His·Bind Protein Purification Kit. After that ELISA was used to study the affinity of purified SPA with different IgGs from humans, rabbits, mice, swine and goats. ResultsThe expression plasmid pET30a(+)SPA was constructed successfully and the objective protein was expressed. The recombination protein showed high affinity with IgGs from humans and mice but low affinity with IgGs from rabbits and swine. ConclusionThe recombination protein has high affinity with IgGs from humans and mice but low affinity with IgGs from rabbits and swine, and so lays a foundation for SPAELISA.

    Intramyocardial electrocardiogram measurements for 
    diagnosis of  acute cardiac allograft rejection in rats
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  32-34. 
    Abstract ( 1113 )   PDF (430KB) ( 276 )   Save
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    To evaluate the reliability of intramyocardial electrocardiogram (IMEG) monitoring during episodes of acute rejection after heart transplantation. MethodsThere were 30 SpragueDawley(SD) to Wistar rat heterotopic neck heart transplantations. After the transplantations,  IMEG QRS amplitudes were collected daily. 3 or 4 rats were killed at postoperative day 3,5,8 and 10. The myocardial tissues were evaluated by hematoxylineosin(HE) staining and immunofluorescence evaluation based on the criteria of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation classification by a pathologist who was blinded to study protocol. ResultsThere was a severe decrease of IMEG QRS amplitude and an increase of myocardial impedance on the  6th or 7th postoperative day, which highly indicated an acute rejection. 22 rats had distinguished changes on the IMEG QRS amplitudes. Among them, acute rejecting episodes were certified in 21 rats after myocardial tissues were evaluated by HE staining and immunofluorescence evaluation. Sensitivity of the IMEG QRS amplitude was 95%, and specificity was 78%. ConclusionsIMEG can detect an acute rejection early and reliably, especially for monitoring the effect of rejection therapy.

    Impact of antiepileptic drugs on reproductive and endocrine 
    function in Wistar rats
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  35-38. 
    Abstract ( 1185 )   PDF (1064KB) ( 301 )   Save
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    To explore the impact of antiepileptic drugs on sex hormone secretion and ovarian generation of corpus luteum and follicles in Wistar rats. MethodsA total of 60 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group, the sodium valproate group (the VPA group), the oxcarbazepine group (the OXC group), the levetiracetam group (the LEV group), the levetiracetam+sodium valproate group (the LO group), and the levetiracetam+oxcarbazepine group (the LV group). Rats were fed with drugs twice daily for 3 months. One month before being killed, rats were subjected to a vaginal smear three times every day(6:00, 14:00, 20:00). Blooding, killing, separating of ovarian tissues, and ovarian weighting were carried out during estrous intervals, and  serum estradiol and progesterone level were determined using RIA. Ovarian tissues were stained using HE. ResultsThe level of progesterone was increased in the LO group compared with the control group, and progesterone level was decreased in the VPA,OXC,LEV,and LV groups  Also, the level of estradiol was decreased in the LEV group, luteal was increased in the LO group, and the number of follicles was decreased in the LO and LV groups. ConclusionLongterm antiepileptic drugs may induce disorders of sex hormone secretion, so drug use should be based on characteristics of different upgrowth periods for females with epilepsy.

    Endothelial progenitor cells in combination with estrogen against 
    restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  39-44. 
    Abstract ( 1116 )   PDF (622KB) ( 301 )   Save
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    To investigate the effect endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in combination with estrogen on restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention. MethodsSixty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: the sham operation group(groupⅠ), the control group(groupⅡ), the estrogen treated group(groupⅢ), the EPC treated  group(groupⅣ), and the estrogen in combination with EPC group(groupⅤ), with twelve rabbits in each group. Three days after ovariectomy, animals in groups Ⅲ and Ⅴ were treated with estrogen, and the others were given physiological saline. The level of estrogen was detected before ovariectomy, and on  day 3 and 2 weeks after ovariectomy. Levels of blood lipids(including total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein choesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol) were also detected after hyperlipemia feeding for 6 weeks. Mononuclear cells were isolated from the establishing animal models of injured abdominal aorta, animals in the shamoperation group had the femoral artery exposed without injuries. At the same time, rabbits in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴwere subjected to  suspension of EPC at 2ml through a catheter and the others(except Ⅰ group) were given physiological saline. Endothelium recovery, degree of cell proliferation and lumen loss were evaluated after 4 weeks. ResultsThe level of estrogen in groups Ⅲ and Ⅴwere obviously higher than that in groupsⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ(P<0.01). The levels of blood lipids, including total cholesterol(P<0.01), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(P<0.01)and  high density lipoprotein choesterol(P<0.05)were statistically different between groups Ⅲ, Ⅴ and groupsⅠ, Ⅱ Ⅳ. There were also a statistical significance in the degree of endothelium recovery, cell proliferation and lumen loss between group Ⅴ and groups Ⅲ, Ⅳ[(90.2±5.1)% vs (85.1±4.1)% and (83.9±6.5)%,P<0.05], [(15.67±2.98)% vs (26.02±4.18)% and (24.87±3.54)%,P<0.01], and [( 17.61±2.69)% vs (38.43±4.35)% and (41.15±4.45)%,P<0.01]. ConclusionEPC in combination with estrogen after PCI can speed up the process of endothelial recovery and significantly reduces lumen loss.

    Effects of irbesartan on regression of atherosclerotic plaque
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  45-49. 
    Abstract ( 1222 )   PDF (832KB) ( 268 )   Save
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    To explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of irbesartan on regression of atherosclerotic plaque (AP). Methods40 rabbits were divided into the control group(n=10)and the experimental group(n=30). The control group was fed with a normal diet, while the experimental group was fed with a cholesterol diet for 12 weeks, then was fed with a normal diet and divided into the regression control group (n=10), the simvastatin group (n=10) and the irbesartan group (n=10), which were respectively administrated with simvastatin and irbesartan for 12 weeks. Levels of plasma lipids, intima thickness and media thickness of AP were determined. Expressions of VCAM1, FGF2 and Bcl2 in AP were determined by immunohistochemical technique. ResultsCompared with the regression control group, ① there was no significant effect on levels of plasma lipids in the irbesartan group(P>0.05); ② The intima thickness, intima thickness/media thickness and expressions of VCAM1 and FGF2 were significantly decreased and those of Bcl2 were prominently increased in the irbesartan group(P<0.05). ConclusionIrbesartan has a potential antiatherogen effect by influencing expressions of VCAM1, FGF2 and Bcl2.

    Proliferation in vitro of bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem 
    cells in different culture meeia in rabbits 
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  50-53. 
    Abstract ( 1220 )   PDF (578KB) ( 303 )   Save
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    To investigate the effects of different culture media on the proliferation in vitro of  bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells. MethodsBone marrow was abstracted from the intertrochanter of the femur of 2month New Zealand rabbits and purification of mesenchymal stem cells was determined by a density gradient centrifugation method. The cells were cultured in 4 kinds of culture media: DMEMhigh glucose(10%FBS), DMEMlow glucose(10%FBS), DMEMlow glucose(15%FBS) and DMEMlow glucose(20%FBS). Cells of passage one were detected the expansion multiple and cells of passage two measured the growth and mineralization of cells. ResultsThe expansion multiple was 16.20±1.60 and the colonyforming number(CFN) was 6.11±1.17 in the DMEMlow glucose(15%FBS) group, which were significantly higher than those in the other three groups. ConclusionDMEMlow glucose (15%FBS) is more suitable for cultivation of MSCs than the other three media.

    Effect of CD, TK fusion suicide gene on MG63 cells
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  54-59. 
    Abstract ( 1166 )   PDF (1150KB) ( 352 )   Save
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    To observe the effect of herpes simplex virusthymidine kinase/cytosine deaminase fusion suicide gene on MG63 cells. MethodsThe target cells were infected by recombinant adenovirus expressed TK and/or CD and the efficiency of infection was measured with green fluorescent protein. MG63 cells were treated with different prodrug concentrations and multiple of infection(m.o.i). Cell survival rate and proliferation inhibiting rate were measured. The killing mechanism was also investigated with flow cytometry (FCM) and Hochest 33342 fluorescent staining. Results100% MG63 cells could be infected with  recombinant adenovirus vector either single or double genes as determined by GFP detection. Survival of MG63 cells in AdCDTK infected group was 31% when GCV was used and 44% to 5Fc. Combination with two prodrugs, cell survival was reduced to 90%, lower than the AdTK(79%), AdCD(63%) or AdTK+AdCD(66%) groups with the same prodrug treatmemt (P<0.05). Concentration of prodrugs or m.o.i of adenovirus in the fusion gene group was lower than that of the single gene groups with respect to the same inhibition effect on MG63 cells. The infected MG63 cells with the double gene group had greater bystander effect than both  AdCD and AdTK groups. The mechanism of killing MG63 cells demonstrated by FCM and fluorescent staining was cytotoxic action and apoptosis. ConclusionThese results prove that the double gene expressed recombinant adenovirus could be used successfully to inhibit the proliferation of MG63 cells and has more powerful killing effect than the single gene group.

    Preparation of monoclonal antibody against orchratoxin A and 
    establishment of ELISA to detect it
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  60-63. 
    Abstract ( 1378 )   PDF (310KB) ( 454 )   Save
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    To prepare and identify monoclonal antibody(McAb) against ochratoxin A(OA)and to establish a competitive inhibition ELISA method for detection of OA. MethodsUsing a lowdose and longcycle immunization scheme, female BALB/c mice were immunized with OA coupled to bovine serum albumin(OABSA). Hybridoma cell lines secreting McAbs against OABSA were obtained by cell fusion. The specifcity of McAbs to OA was further analyzed by a competition inhibition test. A large amount of McAbs was made by ascites in liquid paraffinprimed mice. A competition inhibition ELISA method using OA as a competitive antigen was established to monitor OA. ResultsTiter of McAbs in the sera from BALB/c mice immunized by OABSA was 1:512?000 and it had a strong cross reaction with BSA. Hybridoma cell lines which secreted McAbs against OABSA were screened by ELISA after cell fusion. The crossreactive rate of McAbs against OA and BSA was 3.5%.  Hybridoma cell lines secreting McAbs against OABSA were completely established by 3 rounds of cell subcloning, and the specificity of McAbs for OA was further confirmed by competition inhibition ELISA. A large amount of McAbs was obtained by ascites production. The linear range of the competitive inhibition ELISA was 0.24125?ng/mL, the linear regression equation was y=-0.113?2logx+0.901?6, the linear correlation was 0.98, and the detection limit was 0.24?ng/mL. Recovery rate for the sample ranged from 97.07% to 107.8%. ConclusionHybridoma cell lines secreting McAbs against ochratoxin A were obtained and a simple and sensitive efficient method for OA determination was established.

    Expression of matrix metalloproteinases in the gingival crevicular 
    fluid of rats during tooth movement
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  64-67. 
    Abstract ( 1043 )   PDF (448KB) ( 306 )   Save
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    To detect expression of MMPs in the gingival crevicular fluid of rats during tooth movement. MethodsOrthodontic appliances were fixed onto the maxilla of 20 6weekold female Wistar rats. The maxillary first molar in the experimental side was drawn medially by applying an excess force of 50?g, with both of the maxillary central incisors as anchorage. In the control side, the maxillary first molar was wound around the dental cervix with ligature wire. The gingival crevicular fluid of the rats was collected every week, and MMP1 and MMP9 were assayed in quantitation by using the biochemical techniques of SDSPAGE, Western blot and the Gel Doc quantitative analysis system. ResultsThe contents of MMP1 and MMP  9 in the gingival crevicular fluid increased at the 1st week in both sides, and greatly increased at the 2nd week. It reached a peak at the 3rd week, and fell back from the 4th week. At the 7th week, the contents were the least but more than that before the appliances were fixed. There was statistical significance in the contents of MMP1 between the experimental side and the control side at the respective weeks(P<0.05), and the experimental side was more than the control side. But no statistical significance was shown in the content of MMP9 between the two sides(P>0.05). ConclusionsMMP1 and MMP9 in the gingival crevicular fluid play some role in orthodontic tooth movement. MMP1 may be more closely connected with tooth movement than MMP9.

    Threedimensional finite element analysis of molars′s distalization during different extraction periods of healing
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  68-71. 
    Abstract ( 1120 )   PDF (356KB) ( 406 )   Save
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    To analyze displacement and stress distribution of the periodontal ligament of the first molars and premolars during different extraction healing stages by using the finite element method. MethodsAdvanced CT scanning and MIMICS, IDEAS software were used to establish three finite element models: simulated existence of the second molar, simulated one week after the second molar was extracted (clinical healing stage), simulated three months after the second molar was extracted (bone healing period). The three groups of models  were carried out under the same power load and calculation. ResultsThe stress concentration area of the first molar′s periodontal ligament was similar in the three models, pressure stress concentration area was mainly located at the near level of the palatal root, the distal  level of the near buccal root and near furcation department, and the distal cervical level of the far buccal root. In the three model groups, the near initial displacement of the first premolars: model Ⅰ> model Ⅲ> model Ⅱ, and the distal initial displacement of the first molars: model Ⅱ> model Ⅲ> model Ⅰ. ConclusionExtraction of the second molars is of help to early shift the first molars to a distal level.

    Effect of propofol on betaEodorphin in the brain after 
    thermal stress in rats
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  72-74. 
    Abstract ( 1079 )   PDF (405KB) ( 255 )   Save
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    To investigate the effect and significances of propofol on betaEndorphin in brain tissues after thermal stress in rats. Methods72 male Wister rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Rats that received neither anesthesia nor WBH treatment served as the control group (group C, n=8), rats which were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate followed with thermal stress served as the model group (group M, n=32), and other rats which were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of propofol followed with whole body hyperthermia keeping at 42?℃ for 30?min served as the hyperthermia group (group HP, n=32). The mechanical withdrawal threshold to von Frey hair stimulation was checked at 2, 6, 12 and 24?h after hyperthermia intervention. The rat hypothalamus was then rapidly removed to detect betaEndorphin with the radioimmunoassay method and neuron apoptosis with TUNEL. ResultBetaEndorphin in the hypothalamus of groups M and HP were greatly increased compared with that of the control group, and the mechanical withdrawal threshold to von Frey hair stimulation changed as well (P<0.05). BetaEndorphin of group HP was increased compared with that of group M at 6 and 12 h. The amount of apoptotic neurons increased as follows: group C<group HP<group M(P<0.05). ConclusionThe present study demonstrated that hyperthermia was able to increase betaEndorphin in brain tissues and improve the mechanical withdrawal threshold to von Frey hair stimulation in rats, and propofol could protect the brain from thermal stress via increasing expression of betaEndorphin.

    Relatedfactors of large arterial stiffness in continuous 
    ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  75-79. 
    Abstract ( 1037 )   PDF (291KB) ( 293 )   Save
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    To investigate the factors affecting large arterial stiffness in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). MethodsClinical stable CAPD patients (n=241) in a single center were enrolled in this study. Carotidfemoral PWV was measured with a validated automatic device and was used as an index for large arterial stiffness. The volume load was evaluated by a body composition monitor (BCM). In addition, biochemical indices,such as blood pressure, serum uric acid, albumin, Creactive protein, serum creatinine, serum triglycerides, and total cholesterol lipoprotein were determined with standard methods. Pearson′s correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed to identify the relationship between related factors and PWV.  ResultsPWV was strongly associated with diabetic mellitus (DM), age, uric acid,  systolic blood pressure(SBP), pulse pressure, albumin, and extracellular water normalized by height. Multiple regression analysis showed that PWV was independently determined by DM[(1Yes,0No)(β=0.307,P=0.001),age(β=0.329, P=0.001), uric acid(β=0.274,P=0.001), systolic blood  pressure (SBP)(β=0.188, P=0.002) and dialysis duration (β=0.129,P=0.027). They accounted for 66.3% of the total variance. ConclusionBesides DM, age and SBP, uric acid and dialysis duration are independent determinants of large arterial stiffness as well in CAPD patients.

    Relativity of TLR4 expression in uroepithelium carcinoma of the bladder
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  80-82. 
    Abstract ( 1294 )   PDF (543KB) ( 253 )   Save
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    To study the relativity of TLR4 expression in uroepithelium carcinoma of the bladder(BUEC). MethodsParaffinembedded tissue sections from 62 patients with BUEC were!reexamined. Based on the pathological diagnosis standard of WHO and ISUP, 5 cases were urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (G1), 24 cases were low grade papillary urothelial carcinoma(G2) and 33 cases were high grade papillary urothelial carcinoma(G3). 11 specimens obtained from normal bladders and 13 obtained from adjacent tissues of tumors served as the controls. Expression of TLR4 was detected by immunohistochemistry.  ResultsAll the controls strongly expressed TLR4, while only 60% of G1 strongly expressed TLR4, 40% of G1 , 21% of G2 and 3% of G3 had low expressions of TLR4, and 79% of G2 and 97% of G3 almost did not express TLR4.  With the progression of tumor grade, positive rate of TLR4 expression was decreased(P=0.000). Conclusion In uroepithelium carcinoma of the bladder, TLR4 expression is significantly associated with tumor grade, and a decrease of TLR4 expression is a prognostic factor for predicting progression of BUEC.

    Clinicopathological and endoscopic characteristics of gastric carcinoma 
    in young and elderly patients: a comparative study
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  83-85. 
    Abstract ( 1019 )   PDF (270KB) ( 363 )   Save
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     To explore the potential differences in endoscopic and clinicopathological factors between the young and elderly population with gastric cancer(GC). MethodsIn young patients(≤40 years, n=48)  and elderly patients(≥65 years, n=99) with GC, the clinicopathological findings were compared according to clinical manifestations, gender, hereditary tendency, tumor location, histological type, growth type, prevalence of helicobacter pylori, and survival rates. ResultsIn the young and elderly groups, the male to female ratio was 1∶1.08 and 3.3∶1, respectively. 15 young patients and 12 elderly patients had a family history of tumors(P<0.05). Most tumors were found at the lower part of the stomach in both groups, but the tumors located at the upper part were more common in the elderly group than in the young group (P< 0.05). General type in both groups was Borrmann Ⅲ type, but the sum of the Borrmann Ⅲ type and Ⅳ type was statistically different (P<0.05). As compared with the elderly patients, young patients had worse differentiation and growth type. Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection in both groups were not significantly different (P<0.05). Compared to endoscopy, Barium Xray had a higher misdiagnosis rate(P<0.05). The 5year survival rate of 11 patients with early GC was100%, and the 1, 3, 5year survival rates of young and elderly patients with advanced GC after radical gastroectomy did not statistically differ (P>0.05). The median survival time of patients was  not significantly longer in young patients (28.2months 95%CI 19.8~41.3)than elderly (26.7months, 95%CI 21.0~39.8) patients (P>0.05). ConclusionYoung patients with GC have a more obvious hereditary tendency than elderly patients, but they have a poorer pathological behavior than elderly patients. The prognosis of the young was similar to of the elderly after radical gastroectomy.

    Expressions of PTEN and Akt and relationship to adenomyosis
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  86-90. 
    Abstract ( 1132 )   PDF (858KB) ( 410 )   Save
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    To explore expressions of PTEN and Akt proteins in adenomyosis tissues, and to provide a theoretic basis on the development, progress and therapy of adenomysis. MethodsImmunohistochemical staining with SP method was used to determine expression of PTEN, Akt and PAkt in the ectopic lesions with myometrium of adenomyosis group(30 cases), the eutopic endometrium group (27 cases), and the normal endometrium group (20 cases). ResultsIn gland cells, PTEN protein expression in the ectopic lesion group was the lowest among the three groups. The PTEN expression in the normal endometrium group was the highest in them(P<0.01). Expressions of Akt and PAkt proteins in the ectopic lesion of adenomyosis group were higher than those in the eutopic endometrium in adenomyosis group(P<0.05) and significantly higher than those in the normal endometrium (P<0.01). Expressions of Akt and PAkt in eutopic endometrium with adenomyosis were higher than those of normal endometrium (P<0.01). In stroma cells, the PTEN protein expression in ectopic and eutopic lesions of adenomyosis was significantly lower than that in normal endometrium, but there was no statistical significance between the two groups. Expressions of Akt and PAkt proteins in ectopic and eutopic lesions of adenomyosis were significantly higher than those in normal endometrium, but also there were no statistical differences. There were negative correlations among expressions of Akt, PAkt, and PTEN in ectopic lesions , eutopic endometrium of adenomyosis and normal endometrium(r=-0.444,r=-0.546). ConclusionWhile PTEN protein expression is low, expressions of Akt and PAkt proteins are high inectopic and eutopic lesions of 〖KG*3]adenomyosis.Hypoexpression of PTEN can not inhibit abnormal activation of Akt, which might play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of adenomyosis.

    Outcome of surgical repair with a stented elephant 
    trunk for aortic dissection
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  91-93. 
    Abstract ( 1344 )   PDF (270KB) ( 499 )   Save
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    To evaluate the effect of a surgical approach for aortic dissection with a stented elephant trunk. MethodsBetween July 2003 and December 2007, a total of 94 patients, 80 males and 14 female with aortic dissection underwent surgical repairs with a modified stented elephant trunk technique and total arch replacement. The sinus of the valsalva was reconstructed in 8 patients, aortic valve replacement was used in 18 patients, and ascending aorta replacement was performed in 81 patients. ResultsAverage extracorporeal circulation time was (187.09±44.08) min, the aortic crossclamp time was (99.70±27.51) min, the selected cerebral perfusion time was (22.47±11.35) min and the lower body arrest time was (20.87±8.86)min. Hospital mortality was 2.13%(2/94). Mean time of followup was (34.86±18.08) months and the survival rate was 96.63%. Only one patient required reoperation for distal descending aorta replacement because of continuous false lumen extension. It accounted for 50% that diameter proportion between the stented graft and the aortic lumen at least one year postsurgery achieved more than 90%. ConclusionThe modified stented elephant trunk anastomosis technique is an effective way for closing the residual false lumen of the descending aorta and may contribute to better longterm outcomes for aortic dissection.

    Correlation between Cyr61 and chronic myelogenous leukemia
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  94-97. 
    Abstract ( 1087 )   PDF (501KB) ( 334 )   Save
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    To investigate the clinical significance of cysteine rich 61(Cyr61)in the bone marrow (BM) of chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML) patients. MethodsExpressions of Cyr61 mRNA and Cyr61 protein were detected in bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMNC) from 38 patients with CML (20 chronic phase, 11 accelerated phase and 7 blast crisis) and 10 normal controls by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) method and  immunohistochemistry, respectively. ResultsExpression of Cyr61mRNA in a chronic phase, accelerated phase and blast crisis was significantly higher in CML patients than in normal controls(P<0.05). Expression of the Cyr61 gene was higher in an accelerated phase and blast crisis than in the chronic phase(P<0.05), but showed no significance(P>0.05). Expression of Cyr61 protein was higher in CML patients than in normal controls(P<0.05). Expression of Cyr61 protein was higher in the accelerated phase and blast crisis than in the chronic phase(P<0.05). ConclusionOverexpression of the Cyr61 gene which plays an important role in the acute transformation of chronic myelogenous leukemia may relate to the progression and genesis of CML and provides an experimental basis for early diagnosis of CML blastic crisis.

    isk factors of contrastinduced nephropathy in patients 
    undergoing coronary artery intervention
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  98-101. 
    Abstract ( 1130 )   PDF (279KB) ( 267 )   Save
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     To study the risk factors of contrastinduced nephropathy(CIN)in patients undergoing coronary artery angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods200 patients undergoing PCI or coronary angiograph from October 2008 to March 2009 were enrolled in this study. Levels of serum creatinine, blood urine nitrogen and urine β2microglobulin were determined three days before and at 3, 7 days after coronary artery intervention. ResultAmong the 200 patients, 14 patients(7%) developed CIN.The incidence of preexisting renal dysfunction, hypertension, diabetes mellitus in CIN patients and in nonCIN patients did not significantly vary(P<0.05). Age, body mass index(BMI), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), coronary arteriosclerosis, dosages of contrast agent and hyperlipemia  did not significantly vary between the two groups (P>0.05). Identified by regression, preexisting renal dysfunction and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors of CIN. ConclusionsHypertension is one related risk factor of CIN, while age, BMI, ACEIs, coronary arteriosclerosis, dosages of contrast agent and hyperlipemia are not. Preexisting renal dysfunction and diabetes mellitus are independent risk factors of CIN.

    ssociation of an ALOX15′s polymorphism with susceptibility to coronary 
    heart disease in the Chinese Han population from Shandong Province
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  102-105. 
    Abstract ( 1021 )   PDF (290KB) ( 220 )   Save
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    To explore the relationship between an ALOX15′s polymorphism, rs916055 T>C, and coronary heart disease (CHD) in the Chinese Han population from Shandong Province. MethodsA total of 452 unrelated CHD patients and 507 unrelated control subjects were recruited in a casecontrol study. The genotypes of rs916055 T>C were performed by polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP). ResultsNo significant deviation from the HardyWeinberg equilibrium was found in the polymorphism in the CHD or control groups. There was no significant difference in frequencies of allele and genotype in rs916055 T>C between the CHD and control groups. After adjusting for other potential confounders including age, gender, BMI, SBP, DBP, Glucose, TG, TC, HDLC and LDLC, there was a significant difference in the genotype frequencies of rs916055 T>C between the two groups, and the carriers of the C allele (CC+CT) of rs916055 T>C had a significantly higher susceptibility to CHD than the TT homozygotes (OR=3.480, 95% CI:1.14310.592, P=0.028). No association was found between the severity of CHD and rs916055 T>C. Conclusionrs916055 T>C of ALOX15 is associated with the susceptibility of CHD in this Chinese Han population from Shandong Province.

    Deletion of the p15 Gene and Promoter Methylation in the Bone Marrow 
    of patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  106-109. 
    Abstract ( 1048 )   PDF (352KB) ( 372 )   Save
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    To examine the mRNA expression levels of the p15 gene and the methylation status of its promoter region in the bone marrow of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and to explore the correlation between p15 gene methylation and pathogenesis, and development of MDS. MethodsMethylationspecific PCR (MSPCR) was employed to detect the methylation status of the p15 gene promoter region in the bone marrow of 32 patients with MDS. Expression levels of p15 mRNA was also determined by reverse transcription PCR (RTPCR). Results14 cases were found to have an increased methylation in the promoter region, especially in patients with high risk MDS. The P15 mRNA level was significantly decreased in patients with MDS(P<0.05). A significant correlation existed between p15 methylation and mRNA decrease(P<0.05). ConclusionHypermethylation of the p15 promoter region might contribute to the loss of expression of p15 mRNA in MDS. The hypermethylation of the p15 gene promoter region is closely related to the pathogenesis of MDS.

    Surveillance and analysis of nosocomial infections and risk 
    factors in integrated ICU
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  110-113. 
    Abstract ( 1535 )   PDF (293KB) ( 434 )   Save
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    To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infections (NI) in integrated intensive care unit (ICU) patients and its risk factors in order to take measures to prevent infections.  MethodsNosocomial infections of ICU patients in Qilu Hospital of Shangdong University from January to December 2008 were investigated and analyzed using the method of prospective investigation. ResultsOf the 330 patients investigated, 111(33.64%) suffered from NI, and the NI rate per day was 25.92‰. The average severity of illness score was 4.40 and the adjusted day infection rate was 5.89‰. The associated NI rates in ventilator, vascular catheter and urinary catheter were 36.17‰, 5.38‰ and 3.69‰ respectively. The main infection site was the lower respiratory tract, and the main bacteria were Gram negative bacilli and Gram positive cocci. The risk factors for NI included the using of ventilator, vascular catheter, urinary catheter and immunosuppressant (P<0.05). The lower respiratory tract infection rate was significantly higher in patients using a ventilator than in those not using a ventilator (P<0.01). ConclusionsNosocomial infection rate in patients of integrate ICU is high. In order to gradually reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection, intervention and management of traumatic operation should be paid close attention.

    Valuation of theoretical immune response status of HBV multiepitope 
    vaccines in existence in the population of China
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  114-117. 
    Abstract ( 1227 )   PDF (655KB) ( 444 )   Save
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    To predict the theoretical immune response status of HBV multiepitope vaccines and valuate its effect in the population of China. MethodsCumulative phenotypic frequency (CPF) of HBV multiepitope vaccines was calculated by the system, Forecasting System of Theoretical Immune Response Rate of HLAAB Loci Restricted Multiepitope Vaccine in the Chinese Population, and thus their theoretical responder status in the Chinese population was evaluated. ResultsThe problems of HBV multiepitope vaccines had already been found in the two aspects. On the one hand, the theoretical responder status of most HBV multiepitope vaccines are low in the Chinese population, on the other hand, vaccines with high theoretical responder status are combinations of five or more epitopes, which is unnecessary and uneconomical.  ConclusionHBV multiepitope vaccines have already been observed do not achieve the ideal level, and new HBV multiepitope vaccines should be worked on.

    Preoperative biliary drainage in patients with malignant obstructive
    jaundice of carcinoma of the head of the pancreas
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  118-121. 
    Abstract ( 1422 )   PDF (258KB) ( 295 )   Save
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    To investigate the therapeutic effect of preoperative biliary drainage on morbidity and mortality of pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas. MethodsClinical data of 91cases undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy from January 2000 to December 2007 whose preoperative total bilirubin level was over 100?μmol/L were collected and analyzed. Results32 cases(35%) received preoperative biliary drainage, the total bilirubin level significantly decreased from 286±105?μmol/L to 115±92?μmol/L(t=20.15, P<0.001), and the average blood loss was 280±59?mL. In the nonpreoperative biliary drainage group, the average preoperative total bilirubin level was 279±133?μmol/L, and the average blood loss was 490±109?mL. Overall postoperative complications were found in 10 cases (31%,10/32) in the preoperative biliary drainage group and 22 cases (37%,22/59)  in the nonpreoperative biliary drainage group, and there was no significant difference in infectious complications and other complications between the two groups. Patients whose preoperative total bilirubin level was over 340?μmol/L and indication of the liver function was twice the normal had significantly increased postoperative complications. In the preoperative biliary drainage group, blood loss in patients successfully decreased and their jaundice was lower than that in patients whose jaundice decreased slowly. ConclusionPreoperative biliary drainage in patients with carcinoma of the head of the pancreas does not help to reduce postoperative complications, but can reduce the blood loss and make operations safer. Postoperative total complications were significantly increased when preoperative total bilirubin was over 340?μmol/L.

    Digital orthopantomography in displaying the anatomic mark of 
    the mandibular posterior area
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  122-125. 
    Abstract ( 1157 )   PDF (303KB) ( 320 )   Save
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    To display the anatomic markers of the mandibular posterior area in digital orthopantomography and to study the approach and depth of extraction of impacted teeth, orthognathic surgery and dental implantation. MethodsStandardized digital orthopantomographys were taken for 100 subjects (38 males and 62 females) with an average age of 38.2 years. All Xray images were taken with sirona orthophos plus DC ceph and were dealt by a digital computer. Anatomic markers of the mandibular posterior area were observed and measured by the computer. ResultsPosition of the mental and foramen height of the mandibular body at the mental foramen area was similar between the two sides; The mandibular canal of 42 patients could be found out in the orthopantomographys. Distance between the mandibular canal and the root point at the mandibular molar area was gradually decreased from front to back.There was no obvious difference between the diameter of the left mandibular canal and that of the right mandibular canal. Both the height of the mandibular body and the distance between the superior margin of the mandibular foraman and the alveolar ridge crest at the molar area were decreased from front to back. No obvious difference was found between the angle of the left mandible and that of the right. The average mesioangulation of the third molars in the impacted group was 48.80 and that in the erupted group was 6.84. The retromolar space of the impacted groups was significantly smaller than that of the erupted groups(P<0.05). The average ratio of space/crown width in the erupted and impacted groups was 1.17 and 0.62(P<0.05). No statistical significance was found in the mesiodistal diameter of the tooth crown between the impacted and erupted groups. There was an obvious positive relationship between frequency of the third molar impaction and angulation degree (P<0.05), but the former was inversely associated with the retromolar space (P<0.05). The maxillary sinus was 90% displayed and reached the maxillary canine area to the front and the maxillary tuberosity to the back. ConclusionDigital orthopantomography can provide enough information of siagon features for orthognathic surgery,extraction of impacted teeth and dental implantation. 

    Susceptibilityweighted imaging of diffuse axonal injury: a correlative
    study of lesionnumber and Glasgow Score Scale
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  126-129. 
    Abstract ( 1101 )   PDF (478KB) ( 337 )   Save
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    To study the relationship between lesionnumber of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) in susceptibilityweighted imaging (SWI) and Glasgow Score Scale. MethodsThirty patients (21 males and 9 females) with DAI were included in this study. Routine sequences (T1WI, T2WI and FLAIR) and SWI were performed on 3.0 T MRI systems. The injuries were caused by traffic accidents in 22 cases, falls in 5 cases, beatings in 2 case and heavy weight in 1 case. There were 12 cases whose Glasgow Score Scale (GCS) ranged from 3 to 5 and 9 cases from 6 to 8 and 9 from 9 to 12. The time interval between injury and examination was 2 hours to 20 days. The number of lesions in SWI and GCS were analyzed using SPSS 11.5. ResultsRoutine MRI scan found a total of 78 lesions, while SWI sequence detected 424 lesions. The number of lesions found in SWI sequence was higher than that of conventional MRI (u=-10.235, P<0.01). The number of lesions were negatively correlated with GCS (r=-0.867, P<0.01). ConclusionSWI sequence can find more bleeding lesions than routine MRI sequence. The number of lesions was closely related to GCS. SWI shows a high value in diagnosis and prognosis of DAI.

    Apoptosis of corneal epithelium in ReisBücklers corneal dystrophies
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  130-133. 
    Abstract ( 1251 )   PDF (567KB) ( 180 )   Save
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    To observe the apoptosis of corneal epithelium in ReisBücklers corneal dystrophies (RBCD), and to explore the role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of ReisBücklers corneal dystrophies. MethodsCornea buttons were obtained from 4 RBCD patients (with R124L mutation of TGFBI gene) in 2 pedigrees who underwent lamella or penetrating keratoplasty. Sections with HE and special staining were observed by light microscopy. Ultrathin sections were performed and ultrastructure changes were investigated under a transmission electron microscope. Terminaldeoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining technique was used to examine the apoptosis of the cornea. Four normal cornea specimens served as controls. ResultsIn the RBCD cornea epithelium, microvilli were decreased or lost. Small clumps of deposits with a high electron density were found between basal cells. Some basal cells had apoptotic signs. A great quantity of rodshape deposits was seen in the Bowman′s layer and the anterior part of the stroma. Apoptosis was found in the corneal basal epithelium by TUNEL staining with a positive rate of(15.02±3.09)%. There was a significant difference between RBCD and normal cornea(P<0.01). ConclusionApoptosis of corneal basal epithelium in RBCD patients may be one of the reasons for abnormal deposit in the Desement membrane and clinical symptoms.

    Posterior chamber implantable contact lens for 18 cases of high myopia
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2009, 47(10):  134-138. 
    Abstract ( 1100 )   PDF (488KB) ( 496 )   Save
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    To investigate the efficacy and safety of posterior chamber implantable contact lens (ICL) implantation to correct high myopia in phakic eyes. MethodsUnder topical anesthesia   18 cases (32 eyes)  of high myopia were treated with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. Comparisons between postoperative uncorrected visual acuity and preoperative best corrected visual acuity, between postoperative refraction and preoperative refraction, and between postoperative intraocular pressure and preoperative pressure were carried out. ICL′s location and complications such as  cataract and secondary glaucoma were observed. ResultsPostoperative uncorrected visual acuity reached or exceeded the preoperative best corrected visual acuity in 18 cases (32 eyes). Except that 2 cases (2 eyes) had a transient high intraocular pressure 2 hours after the operation and 1 case had a high intraocular pressure 10 days after the operation, others were controlled normally. UBM showed that  there was a certain gap between ICL  and the lens. During the followup period, visual acuity, refraction, and intraocular pressure were stable. No complicated cataract, secondary glaucoma, retinal detachment or chronic meningitis, such as uvitis happened. ConclusionICL posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in eyes is safe and reliable.