居民抑郁、焦虑症状和心理健康素养现况及影响因素分析

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2025.0815

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解某市居民心理健康素养水平现状,分析影响人群心理健康素养水平的因素,以便有效实施心理健康服务政策,开展富有针对性的心理健康促进活动。方法采用分层随机抽样方法选取某市四区≥18岁的社区常住居民为调查对象,采用多套心理问卷评估社区居民心理健康素养达标情况和心理障碍等现况。采用logistic回归分析居民心理健康素养水平的影响因素。结果该市的心理健康素养水平为17.99%,条目中正确率最低是心理健康知识维度(22.03%);有抑郁、焦虑等症状的心理健康素养达标率较低;文化程度和健康状况是居民心理健康素养水平的主要影响因素,与小学及以下文化程度相比,大专及以上文化程度对居民心理健康素养达标有正向影响(OR=2.58),与健康状况好的人群相比,自评健康状况比较好(OR=0.47)与一般和差(OR=0.39)对达标率有负面影响。结论该市心理健康素养水平亟待提高。在开展心理健康素养促进活动中,需要重点关注文化程度较低人群和健康状况差的居民,提升居民心理健康素养水平,降低心理健康问题的发生。

关键词: 心理健康素养, 心理障碍, 现况调查, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the current status of mental health literacy among residents in a certain city and analyze the factors influencing their mental health literacy level, so as to effectively implement mental health service policies and carry out targeted mental health promotion activities. Methods Stratified random sampling was used to select community residents aged ≥18 years in four districts of the city as the survey subjects. Multiple psychological questionnaires were applied to assess the compliance status of mental health literacy and the prevalence of psychological disorders among community residents. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of residents mental health literacy levels. Results The mental health literacy level in this city is 17.99%, with the mental health knowledge dimension showing the lowest correct response rate among all items(22.03%). The mental health literacy pass rate was lower among residents with symptoms of depression or anxiety. Educational level and health status were identified as main influencing factors. Compared to residents with elementary school education or less, those with junior college degree or higher education level were more likely to attain mental health literacy(OR=2.58). Conversely, self-reported "relatively good"(OR=0.47)and "average or poor" health status(OR=0.39)had negative effects on mental health literacy rates compared to those reporting "good" health. Conclusion The level of mental health literacy in this city needs urgent improvement. In the implementation of mental health literacy promotion activities, it is necessary to focus on populations with lower educational attainment and residents in poor health, so as to enhance residents' mental health literacy and reduce the incidence of mental health problems.

Key words: Mental health literacy, Psychological disorders, Cross-sectional study, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R193

穆弘杰,卢伟,吕军城. 居民抑郁、焦虑症状和心理健康素养现况及影响因素分析[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2025, 63(12): 105-111.

MU Hongjie, LU Wei, LYU Juncheng. Analysis of the current status for residents depression, anxiety symptoms, mental health literacy and influencing factors of mental health literacy[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2025, 63(12): 105-111.

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