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Table of Content

      
    10 October 2012
    Volume 50 Issue 10
    Articles
    Study on structured management mode of insulin therapy in
    patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    WANG Mei-jian, HOU Xin-guo, SONG Jun, ZHOU Ke-hua, YANG Jun-peng, XIAO Fang, LIU Ji-dong, DENG Nan, ZHOU Xiao-ying, CHEN Li
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  1-5. 
    Abstract ( 1356 )   PDF (2032KB) ( 619 )   Save
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    Objective   To observe and evaluate the clinical effect of structured management mode of premixed insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods   In this study, 48 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to two groups. They received premixed insulin subcutaneously twice a day and then were followed up for 16 weeks. Patients in the structured management intervention group received 9 times supervision and intensive education and management by specialized education nurse. While patients in the control group only received 6 times generally supervision and education. All patients were required to receive laboratory examination before and after the treatment, including HbA1c, fasting Cpeptide, 7-time points blood sugar spectrum, et al and fill in related questionnaire. Adverse reactions were also observed. Results   The levels of HbA1c and 7-time points blood sugar spectrum decreased in both groups, while were much lower in the structured management intervention group(P<0.01 or P<0.05). Behavior and cognitive significantly improved in the structured management intervention group compared to the control group. There were no significant differences of BMI and fasting C-peptide before and after treatment, also between two groups. Lower incidence of hypoglycemia was reported in the structured management intervention group(P<0.05). Conclusion    After the structured management intervention treatment, type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using the premixed insulin therapy have a better blood sugar control, a better behavior and cognitive change, and a lower risk of hypoglycemia.

    the importance of hypothalamus-pituitary region magnetic
    resonance imaging (MRI) and serum insulin-like growth
    factor-1 (IGF-1) in the clinical diagnosis of girls with
    idiopathic central precocious puberty
    HU Yan-yan, LI Gui-mei, QIAO Xin, WANG Qian
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  6-10. 
    Abstract ( 1172 )   PDF (978KB) ( 526 )   Save
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    Objective   To study the importance of hypothalamus-pituitary region magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the clinical diagnosis of girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty(ICPP). Methods   60 ICPP female patients diagnosed between February 2007 and December 2009 were selected from Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University. Fasting serum was collected from the early ICPP group with 8 patients, the typical ICPP group with 36 patients and the ICPP associated with growth hormone deficiency(GHD) group with 16 patients. IGF-1 and growth hormone (GH) were detected by radio immune assay (RIA), and (0min) FSH, LH, E2, the peak of LH and LH/FSH after the stimulation of GnRHa were detected by immunochemiluminometric assays(ICMA). In the ICPP associated with GHD group, Growth Hormone Stimulation Test was plused. The MRI of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland (the anterior pituitary height was measured and classified to 5 grades by Elster), the ultrasound of ovaries and uterus, the bone age(BA)were observed. 30 healthy prepuberty girls were selected as the contrast group. All the indicators above were compared among the three groups. The relevance between the anterior pituitary height and the fasting serum IGF-1, E2, basal LH and LH/FSH, peak LH and LH/FSH, the difference between BA and chronological age(BACA) was analyzed. Results   Serum E2, peak LH and LH/FSH, CA, (BA-CA) in the early ICPP group were significantly lower than those in the typical ICPP group (P<0.01). Compared with those of the control group, the anterior pituitary height and the IGF-1 in the typical ICPP group and the early ICPP group were both significantly higher (P<0.01). The anterior pituitary height and the IGF-1 in the two groups showed no significant difference (P>0.05). GnRHa treatment had significant effect on the early ICPP group. The anterior pituitary height showed a significant linear positive correlation with fasting serum IGF-1, E2, basal LH and LH/FSH, peak LH and LH/FSH, (BA-CA) (r=0.65,0.54,0.54,0.45,0.58,0.57,0.45,P<0.05). In the typical ICPP group, (BA-CA), the anterior pituitary height and the IGF-1 were significantly higher than those in the ICPP associated with GHD group (P <0.01), the peak LH and LH/FSH were higher than those in the ICPP associated with GHD group (P<0.05). Compared with those in the control group, the anterior pituitary height and the serum IGF-1 in the ICPP associated with GHD group were significantly lower (P <0.01). Conclusion   The value of MRI and IGF-1 is significant in the early diagnosis of ICPP girls and the differential diagnosis between ICPP and ICPP associated with GHD girls. MRI is closely related to the functions of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis.

    Effects of the aqueous extract of Dendrobium nobile Lindl on the
    nonenzymatic glycation and oxidative stress in diabetic rat kidney
    TAO Feng1,2, JIN Hui3, YANG Gui-zhong2, ZHANG Yan-lei2, TANG Yan-ping2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  11. 
    Abstract ( 890 )   PDF (1611KB) ( 472 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the renoprotective effects of Dendrobium nobile Lindl (DNL) on nonenzymatic glycation and oxidative stress in the diabetic rat kidney. Methods   The diabetes mellitus (DM) rat model was induced by streptozotocin. All rats were divided into six groups: the normal control group(N group), diabetic control group(DM group), DNL low dose group(DNLL group), DNL moderate dose group(DNLM group), DNL high dose group(DNLH group) and AG control group(AG group), and administrated for 12 weeks. The serum glucose levels, 24h urinary albumin, serum urea, creatinine, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), urine creatinine, renal total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The ultrastructural morphology was observed by the electron microscope. Results   The serum glucose levels, serum urea, 24h urinary albumin, serum and renal AGEs, and renal MDA significantly increased in the DM group compared with N group(P<0.05). The levels of creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) and total SOD significantly reduced in the DM group compared with N group(P<0.05). The mesangium expansion and basement membrane thickness significantly increased in the DM group. DNL significantly decreased the serum glucose levels, serum urea, 24h urinary albumin, serum and renal AGEs and renal MDA(P<0.05), and significantly increased the levels of Ccr and total SOD(P<0.05). The mesangium expansion and basement membrane thickness were significantly improved by DNL. Conclusion   DNL can decrease serum glucose, inhibit AGEs formation, attenuate oxidative stress, and retard the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy.

    Protective effects and mechanisms of paliperidone
    on cortical neurons injured by dizocilpine
    PENG Lei1, DONG Hai-man1, ZHANG Jing1, BAO Li-hua1, LI Gui-bao1, SONG Tao1, LIU Zeng-xun2, SUN Jin-hao1, GAO Ying-mao1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  16. 
    Abstract ( 800 )   PDF (3301KB) ( 494 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate protective effects of paliperidone on cortical neurons injured by dizocilpine and associated mechanisms. Methods   Cortical neurons were dissociated from embryonic rats at E15 and cultured in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. After cortical neurons were injured by dizocilpine, paliperidone at different concentrations was added to detect their protection effects. MTT assay was adopted to detect cell viability. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and intracellular Ca2+ concentration were measured with LDH cytotoxic assay kit and laser scanning microscope respectively. Total length and number of neurites were calculated with Image Pro-Plus software. mRNA expressions of Akt1 and GSK3β which associated with neurogenesis and neurodevelopment were detected by realtime PCR. Results   In contrast with control group, cortical neurons in dizocilpine group exhibited apparently reduced viability, increased concentration of intracellular calcium and LDH release (P<0.01), declined number and total length of neurites (P<0.01) and decreased expressions of Akt1 and GSK3βat mRNA level detected by RT-PCR assay (P<0.01). Compared to dizocilpine group, viability of cultured cortical neurons was increased(P<0.01) and LDH activity was declined due to the addition of paliperidone (P<0.001). Intracellular Ca2+ concentration in paliperidone group was weaker than that in dizocilpine group (P<0.01). The length and number of neurites in paliperidone group were greater than those in dizocilpine group (P<0.01). Real-time PCR also showed that the expressions of Akt1 and GSK3β were higher in paliperidone group than those in dizocilpine group(P<0.01). Conclusion   Paliperidone can effectively protect cortical neurons from dizocilpine injury, inhibit neuron apoptosis and promote neurogenesis via Akt1-GSK3β signaling pathway.

    Experimental study of matrix metalloproteinases in the
    blood-brain barrier mechanism of leukoaraiosis
    QU Chuan-qiang1, YAN Chuan-zhu2, CHEN Pei3, WANG Cui-lan3, GUO Hong-zhi2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  23-27. 
    Abstract ( 687 )   PDF (3184KB) ( 487 )   Save
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    Objective   To analyze mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) and their inhibitors(TIMPs) in the brain tissue and to investigate the mechanism of leukoaraiosis(LA) caused by blood-brain barrier(BBB) damage. Methods   Five-month-old male spontaneously hypertensive(SH) rats(n=18) were taken as experimental group, the same age male Wistar rats(n=7) were taken as control group. Rat brain tissues were collected for HE staining and immunohistochemical staining to observe pathological changes and expressions of MBP, NF and GFAP. mRNA expressions of MMP-9, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 in the white matter were detected by Real-time PCR. Results   HE staining showed that the number of axons and oligodendrocytes decreased, and astrocytes proliferation in the white matter of SH rats. Comparing to the control group, GFAP expression was increased, while expressions of MBP and NF were decreased in the experimental group. TIMP-1, MMP-9 and MMP-2 mRNA expressions all rised in the white matters of SH rats, among which TIMP-1 and MMP-2 mRNA expressions increased significantly (P<0.05), while MMP-9 mRNA expression didn′t show significant difference(P>0.05). Conclusion   Five-month-old SH rats can be adopted as the animal model of LA, while BBB damage caused by MMPs may be one of pathological mechanisms of LA.

    Expressions of ICAM-1, NF-κB and p38MAPK
    in the hippocampus of rabbits after SAH
    ZHENG Nan1,2, JI Yong3, SUN Ruo-peng1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  28-32. 
    Abstract ( 776 )   PDF (1708KB) ( 467 )   Save
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    Objective   To explore the expressions of p38MAPK, NF-κB and ICAM-1 in the hippocampus of the rabbits suffering from the cerebral vasospasm (CVS) caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods   The 60 New Zealand purebred healthy rabbits were divided into control group (n=5),NS injection group (n=5), SAH group (n=30) and the intervention group (n=20), then the SAH group was divided into 6 subgroups (1、3、5、7、9、11d)according to the days after having got the SAH, the intervention group was divided into 4 subgroups which were treated by the NS , the ICAM-1 monoclonal antibody, the NF-κ B antagonist and the p38MAPK inhibitor respectively. The CVS models caused by the SAH were made by the secondary blood injection into the major cistern. Then the hippocampus was separated and the Immuno-histochemistry was employed to observe the change of the expression of p38MAPK, NF-κB and ICAM-1 in it. Results   The slight dyeing of p38MAPK, NF-κB and ICAM-1 was observed by immuno-histochemistry in hippocampus of the rabbits in the control group and NS injection group. With the CVS aggra vating, theexpression of the ICAM-1 was enhanced gradually and got the top in the 7th day. The expression of the p38MAPK、NF-κB also had the trend, but got the top in the 5th day, then decreased gradually. After the treatment of the NF-κ B antagonist, the dyeing signal of the p38MAPK、NF-κB was weakened obviously, and the ICAM -1  was only expressed slightly, then after the treatment of the ICAM1 monoclonal antibody, the p38MAPK、NF-κB were expressed strongly while the ICAM -1 was expressed slightly. Conclusion   There was the immuno-inflammatory reaction related to the above factors in the hippocampus of the rabbits having got the CVS caused by SAH. The immuno-inflammatory reaction after the craninocerebral trauma could be controlled better if the expression of the above factors were inhibited.

    Influence of zibu piyin recipe on expression of brain-derived
    neurotrophic factor after spinal cord injury in rats
    LIU Yang, MIAO Yu-chuan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  33-36. 
    Abstract ( 868 )   PDF (1315KB) ( 237 )   Save
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    Objective   To study the effects of zibu piyin recipe(ZBPYR)on the spinal cord injury (SCI)and the influence on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF). Methods   Ninety adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operated group, SCI group and ZBPYR group. The rats were killed at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 120h after the surgery. The combine behavioral score(CBS) was used to detect the recovery of the rats nervous system before being killed, and the expressions of BDNF mRNA and BDNF were detected with RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry assay at different time points. Results   The CBS presented a remarkable decreasing trend in SCI and ZBPYR groups, and the difference between the two groups after 24h-post injury was statistically significant (P<0.05). BDNF and BDNF mRNA expressions in SCI and ZBPYR groups were up regulated significantly after 24h-postinjury and peaked at 120h-post injury, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion   ZBPYR could improve the neurons function through up regulating the expression of BDNF after SCI.

    Effect of chitosan phosphatidyl choline on PKC-δ
    and Iba1 in AD rats brain
    HOU Wen-xia, MENG Qing-hui, WU Jing-lin, LIU Min, GUO He
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  37. 
    Abstract ( 1005 )   PDF (3118KB) ( 386 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the effect of chitosan phosphatidyl choline on the expressions of protein kinase C-δ(PKC-δ)and calcium binding protein( Iba1)in AD rats brain induced by Aβ25-35. Methods   Fifty wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, the AD model group,the chitosan phosphatidyl choline low-dose group, the medium-dose group and the high-dose group. Two point five microliter of Aβ25-35(5μg/μL) was injected into the CA1 area of the rat hippocampus to establish the AD model. The rat learning and memory abilities were tested through the method of Morris water maze. The expressions of PKC-δ and Iba1 in hippocampus and cerebral cortex were detected with the immunohistochemical method. Results   Chitosan phosphatidyl choline could obviously shorten the AD rats latency caused by Aβ2535, increase the times of passing through platform,and significantly reduce the  PKC-δ and Iba1 positive expressions in AD hippocampus and cerebral cortex of rats. Conclusion   Chitosan phosphatidyl choline can improve the learning and memory abilities of AD rats caused by Aβ25-35, depress the proliferation and activation of microglia in the rat brain, lessen inflammation response ,and contribute to neuroprotection and anti-dementia through down-regulating the PKC-δ expression.

    Research on the properties of allogenic arteries cross-linked by
    dye-mediated photooxidation and Genipin
    ZHANG Dong, ZHANG Jun, LIU Lu-qi
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  41. 
    Abstract ( 874 )   PDF (1438KB) ( 355 )   Save
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    Objective   To detect the physical characteristics and the biocompatibility of allogenic arteries cross-linked by dye-mediated photooxidation (DMP) and Genipin (GP) based on the former researches that biological tissue which have gone through different cross-linked methods will show up different biological properties. Methods   The thoracic arteries of New Zealand rabbits (with the inside vessel diameter of 4mm), according to different cross-linked methods, were divided into the DMP group, the GP group, the Glutaraldehyde(GA) group, and a control group was also established (which had not gone through any crosslinked treatment). After the arteries were cross-linked with different methods, tissue water content, heat shrinking temperature, breaking tenacity, and biocompatibility which had gone through the external hemolytic test were detected. Results   Morphological observation: The transmittance of the GP group and the GA group was reduced, while the elasticity and toughness were obviously enhanced. The transmittance of the DMP group was superior, while the elasticity and toughness were not enhanced; Tissue water content: control group>DMP group>GP group>GA group; Heat shrinking temperature: GA group>GP group>DMP group>control group; Breaking tenacity: GA group>GP group>DMP group>control group; Indices of external hemolytic: GA group>GP group>DMP group. Conclusions   Vascular materials cross-linked by dye-mediated photooxidation and Genipin have shown better physical characteristics and biocompatibility. So it is suitable for molding and implanting in human body.

    Influence of ligustrazine therapy on hemorheology after acute pulmonary
    embolism-An experimental study in canis familiaris
    WANG Yun-cang1,LI Jian-ke1,WANG Che-jiang2,LIU Jin-feng1,LIU Qiang1, WANG Zheng1, ZHANG Qing-fu2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  46. 
    Abstract ( 834 )   PDF (1953KB) ( 363 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the influence of ligustrazine on hemodynamic changes after the acute pulmonary embolism(APE) in canis familiaris. Methods   30 canis familiaris were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control group and the therapeutic group. The model of acute pulmonary embolism was established by injecting sludged blood into the pulmonary artery. Ligustrazine(5mg/Kg) was injected into vein in the therapeutic group with 200ml/h speed 30 minutes after the injection of sludged blood. 5%Glucose was used in the control group the same way as the therapeutic group. Seven phases were set:15minutes before the injection, 0.5hour, 1hour,  2 hours,4 hours,8 hours and12 hours after the injection, recorded as T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6 and T7 respectively. The hemodynamics data were observed. Results   Hemodynamic changes were observed after the establishment of acute pulmonary embolism model in canis familiaris. The circumfusion insufficiency of lung microcirculation could result in increases in the blood viscosity,  the restore viscosity, the hematocrit, erythrocyte rigidity index and erythrocyte aggregation index. Ligustrazine could decrease the blood viscosity and the restore viscosity, and restrict the hematocrit, erythrocyte rigidity index and erythrocyte aggregation index. Conclusion   Ligustrazine can improve hemodynamic changes after APE in canis familiaris.

    Effect of immunotherapy on asthma mice with chimeric allergens derived
    from the major allergen group 2 genes of dust mites
    JIANG Yu-xin, MA Yu-cheng, LI Chao-pin
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  50. 
    Abstract ( 1021 )   PDF (3474KB) ( 214 )   Save
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    Objective   To explore the effect of specific immunotherapy with chimeric allergens in murine asthma models, which were derived from the major allergen group 2 genes, Der f 2 and Der p 2, from dust mites. Methods   One hundred and sixty BALB∕c mice were randomly divided into 8 groups, namely PBS group(negative control group), Der f 2 and Der p 2 immunotherapy group (positive control group), asthma group and chimeric allergen immunotherapy groups (divided into four groups: M01, M03, M08 and M10). BALB/c mice were treated with dust mite extract on 0, 7 and 14 day by intraperitoneal injection of allergens and inhaled aerosol on day 21 for 7 days; Before inhalation in immunotherapy groups (including positive controls) in the 25d - 27 d, specific allergen immunotherapy were performed using Der f 2, Der p 2 and chimeric allergens. PBS group were treated with PBS all the time. Twenty-four hours after the last challenge, mice in every group were sacrificed. The lungs were made into slices stained by hematoxylin and eosin in order to observe the pathologic changes in lungs. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected to determine the number of the total cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils by Liu’s staining. ELISA was used to assay the level of cytokines (IL-4, IL-17and IFN-γ) in BALF and in the supernatant of splenocyte culture (SSCC) and the level of allergen-specific IgE, IgG1 in sera. Results   Compared with those in the asthma group, the lung allergic inflammation changes in positive and experimental groups were significantly alleviated. The number of total cells and eosinophils in the above groups greatly decreased, while the level of allergen-specific IgE and IgG1 in sera was significantly lower in the immunotherapy groups (including positive groups) than that in the asthma group. The level of IL-4, IL-17 released from BALF and SSCC in the immunotherapy groups significantly decreased compared with that in the asthma group, and the level of IFN-γ in the immunotherapy groups was significantly higher than that in the asthma group. Conclusion   The chimeric allergens obtained from major allergen group 2 of dust mites can effectively reduce the dust mite-induced lung inflammation in murine asthma models.

    Construction and identification of the recombinant plasmid
    pBudCE4.1-AMA1-ROP18 from Toxoplasma gondii
    SHI Na, HE Shen-yi, CHEN Lin, ZHOU Huai-yu, CONG Hua, BAI Yang, ZHAO Guang-hui, ZHAO Qun-li
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  56. 
    Abstract ( 859 )   PDF (1985KB) ( 582 )   Save
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    Objective   To construct, clone and identify the DNA recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-AMA1-ROP18. Methods   Amplify the target genes by PCR, construct the eukaryotic recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-AMA1-ROP18 and express it in human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells by transfection. Then identify the plasmid with SDS-PAGE and betaactin. Results   We proved that the recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-AMA1-ROP18 was constructed correctly by identification of sequencing, double enzyme digestion and PCR.We proved that AMA1 gene and ROP18 gene both transcribed and expressed correctly in mammalian cells by identification of RT-PCR and SDS-PAGE. Conclusion   The recombinant plasmid pBudCE4.1-AMA1-ROP18 is constructed successfully and expressed in HFF cells stably.

    Diallyl trisulfide inhibits proliferation and invasion of breast cancer
     MDA-MB-231 cells and its role in regulation of uPA system
    ZHANG Jing1, WANG Chun-ni2, QI Mei2, WANG Yan3, LIU Long3, HAN Bo2,3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  61. 
    Abstract ( 755 )   PDF (3429KB) ( 450 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the effects of diallyl trisulfide (DATS) on proliferation and invasion of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and the role for DATS in regulation of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) system molecules. Methods   Real-time PCR was used to detect mRNA expressions of uPA, uPA receptor (uPAR) and uPA inhibitor1 (PAI-1) in breast cancer cell lines. MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with various concentrations of DATS, followed by MTS assay to determine cellular proliferation. Martrigel invasion assays were performed to determine invasive capacity of cancer cells after 20-60μmol/L DATS treatments. Transwell motility assay and healing assay were utilized to detect the effect of 60μmol/L DATS on migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. Real time -PCR and western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expressions of uPA, uPAR and PAI-1 in tumor cells.  Concentrations of PAI-1 protein were determined by ELISA assay in conditioned medium with DATS treatment. Results   20-80μmol/L DATS significantly inhibited proliferation of highly invasive breast cancer  MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. 60μmol/L DATS inhibited invasiveness and motility capacity of MDA-MB-231 cells. PAI-1 expression was significantlyincreased by 60 μmol/L DATS at mRNA and protein levels, whereas uPA and uPAR expressions were not. Conclusion   DATS significantly inhibits proliferation and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cell line and up-regulates PAI-1 expression  at mRNA and protein levels. 

    Protective effects of olmesartan on renal injury induced by
    abdominal aortic banding in rats
    WANG Jian-ping1,2, LIU Rui-hua3, LI Zhong-chen4, ZHANG Xiu-zhen3, WANG Xin-xian4, GUAN Guang-ju1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  68-72. 
    Abstract ( 818 )   PDF (2147KB) ( 361 )   Save
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    Objective   To establish the rat model with left ventricular hypertrophy by coarctation of abdominal aorta above superior mesenteric artery and to evaluate protective effects of olmesartan on kidney injuries. Methods   Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group(n=13) and operating group(n=26). Then the surgical rats were subdivided into olmesartan-treated group(1mg/kg·d)) and hypertension(HTN) group. Seven weeks after treatments, left ventricular hypertrophy and kidney injuries were analyzed in vivo by M-mode echocardiography and ultrasonography respectively. AngiotensinⅡ( Ang Ⅱ) in plasma and renal tissue was observed by ELISA method. Morphologic features and collagen deposition in kidneys were examined by Masson staining. Expressions of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results   Compared with HTN group, renal parenchymal echogenicity was unchanged and renal vascular resistive index was lower in olmesartan group by doppler ultrasound examination. Moreover olmesartan significantly decreased Ang Ⅱin the renal local tissue, prevented formation of tubulointerstitial fibrosis and inhibited the expressions of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 proteins. Conclusion   Olmesartan is able to protect kidney against the injury induced by abdominal aortic banding, which might due to decreased expression of AngⅡin kidney and the inhibition of apoptosis pathway.

    Methodological evaluation of chemiluminescence microparticle
    immunoassay for determining HE4
    ZHENG Gui-xi, WANG Chuan-xin, LIU Yan-hong, LIANG Yong-yuan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  73-76. 
    Abstract ( 943 )   PDF (1086KB) ( 502 )   Save
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    Objective   To evaluate the performance methodology of Chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay(CMIA) for determining HE4 using Abbott Architect i2000SR Chemiluminescence analyzer. Methods   According to a method by NCCLS recommended, we designed the evaluation program of quantitative detection methods. The within-run precision、between-run precision、linear range、carry-over and biological reference interval of HE4 were determined. Results   The coefficient of variation(CV) of within-run precision of low and high value pooled serum were respectively 1.80% and 2.34%. The CV of between-run precision were respectively 2.03% and 2.70%. The linear range was from 19.8 pmol/L to 1 573.5 pmol/L. The 1carry-over was -0.02%. The biological reference interval was consistent with manufactures which is from 0.0 pmol/L to 140.0 pmol/L. Conclusion   The withinrun precision, between-run precision, linear range and carry-over of Abbott Architect i2000SR for determining HE4 meet the requirements of clinical use. The biological reference interval was consistent with that provided by the manufacturer.

    A proteomics study of docetaxel-induced apoptosis in
    prostate cancer PC3 cells
    XIAO Pan1, ZHANG Huai-qiang1, CUI Ya-zhou2, ZHAO Sheng-tian1, MA Tian-jia1, ZHOU Chun-wen1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  77. 
    Abstract ( 821 )   PDF (1534KB) ( 407 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the preliminary molecule mechanism of docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer cells by comparing the differential protein expressions before and after docetaxel-induced apoptosis in androgen independent prostate cancer PC3 cells. Methods   The sulforhodamine B method was used to detect the inhibition effect of different concentrations of docetaxel on the proliferation of PC3 cells. Differential gel electrophoresis (DIGE) was adopted to separate and identify the differential proteins before and after docetaxel-induced apoptosis. Results   The median inhibitory concentration IC50 was 20nmol/L. Eighteen significant differential protein spots were defined by DIGE. Eight proteins were up-regulated while ten proteins were down-regulated. Conclusion   Eighteen significant differential protein spots were identified by using the proteomics method. It was believded that various differential proteins might be involved in the docetaxel resistance in androgen independent prostate cancer therapy.

    Therapeutic effect of tylophorine analog DCB3503 on
    TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis
    MENG Xian-yi, ZHANG Yun, WU Zhen-zhou
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  81. 
    Abstract ( 939 )   PDF (2988KB) ( 548 )   Save
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    Objective   To evaluate the protective effect of tylophorine DCB-3503 on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced ulcerative colitis and the possible molecular mechanism. Methods   24 C57BL/6 wild-type mice were divided into three groups: EtOH group, TNBS+DMSO group and TNBS+DCB-3503 group. Three days after the model was set up, the mice were killed and colon length, histological section, patterns of IFN-γ+ inflammatory cells and Treg cells were examined. Besides, the expression of Foxp3 in IECs was detected using Western blot. Results   Compared with TNBS+DMSO group, DCB-3503 treatment group displayed remarkably improved clinical symptoms. Percentage of IFN-γ+ inflammatory cells in mesenteric lymph node was significantly decreased in TNBS+DCB-3503 group. Meanwhile the percentage of Treg cells in mesenteric lymph node and the expression of Foxp3 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were significantly increased after DCB-3503 treatment. Conclusion   The increase of Treg cells and decrease of IFN-γ+ inflammatory cells in DCB-3503 treatment group suggest that DCB-3503 can ameliorate the ulcerative colitis induced by TNBS via the growing number of Foxp3+ Treg cells and their suppression on IFN-γ+ inflammatory cells.

    The study of the relationship between plasma omentin-1,
    interleukin-18 levels and coronary disease
    LI Xiu-qin1,2,3, BU Pei-li1,2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  86-89. 
    Abstract ( 743 )   PDF (963KB) ( 319 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the relationship between plasma omentin-1, interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels and the pathogenesis of coronary disease through detecting plasma omentin-1 and IL-18 levels of patients with coronary disease and patients in the control group. Methods   74 patients (without diabetes mellitus) hospitalized from May 2011 to November 2011 were divided into two groups 54 cases in the coronary disease group(32 cases in the unstable angina pectoris group, 22 cases in the stable angina pectoris group), and 20 cases in the control group. Venous blood samples were collected from the patients after an overnight fast the next day after admission to hospital. The plasma omentin-1 and IL-18 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA), and the height, body mass, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, total cholestero1, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and other indicators were measured. Results   The plasma omentin1 level in the coronary disease group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.01). The plasma IL18 level in the coronary disease group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion   The plasma omentin-1 levels decrease and IL-18 levels increase in patients with coronary disease, which may play a role in the pathogenesis of the coronary disease.

    Effect of modified edge-to-edge mitral valve repair method for
    adult prolapse of the anterior leaflet
    LI Qing-bao, DONG Ming-liang, LI De-cai, ZI Jie, LI Yong, ZHANG Hai-zhou, WANG Zheng-jun, ZHANG Wen-long, FAN Quan-xin, WANG An-biao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  90-92. 
    Abstract ( 872 )   PDF (1140KB) ( 434 )   Save
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    Objective   To summarize the effect of modified edge-to-edge mitral valve repair for adult prolapse of the anterior leaflet. Methods   The anatomy and clinical experience of 34 patients who were treated with modified edge-to-edge mitral valve repair method were reviewed. Modified edge-to-edge mitral valve repair was based on the traditional edge-to-edge mitral valve repair. It increased the contact area between the anterior and posterior leaflets through the effective suture of the leaflets. And it also modified the shaping result by means of controlling the leaflets shuting extent. Results   Among all the cases above, mild mitral regurgitation was observed by ultrasonic cardiogram only in 4 cases after operation, and no mitral regurgitation was observed in other cases. The heart morphology and functions of all the cases were recovered in different degree. Conclusion   Modified edge-to-edge mitral valve repair method is effective for the adult patients with isolated prolapse of the anterior leaflet. It can recover valve fuction and improve heart function.

    Hemostatic effect of hemocoagulase used in bladder irrigation and
    intravesical instillation after transurethral resection of the prostate
    DING Sen-tai1, ZHAO Peng1, L Jia-ju1, XING Nai-dong1, NIU Zhi-hong1, SUN Hui2, WU Hai-hu1, SUN Ding-qi1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  93-96. 
    Abstract ( 1751 )   PDF (959KB) ( 1028 )   Save
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    Objective   To evaluate the hemostatic effect of hemocoagulase used in bladder irrigation and intravesical instillation after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Methods   From March 2010 to March 2012, 69 selected patients who underwent TURP were randomly divided into three groups, and all patients were administrated with postoperative continuous bladder irrigation using  NS conventionally. 20 cases in the intravesical instillation group were given postoperative intravesical instillation using 6U hemocoagulase in 60mL NS for 20min, bid for 3d. 23 cases in the bladder irrigation group were given bladder irrigation using 10U hemocoagulase in 100mLNS, bid for 3d. The rest of 26 patients were assigned to the control group with continuous bladder irrigation using normal saline (NS). The bleeding volumes in the 3 days after surgery of the 3 groups were recorded and analyzed by using SPSS16.0 software and the coagulation function and adverse effects were observed. Results   There was no significant difference of patients′ age, prostate volume or operation time among the three groups, additionally, no obvious coagulant function change and complications occurred in the patients of the three groups. Compared with that of the control group, the total bleeding volumes of the postoperative 3 days in the experimental groups of hemocoagulase were significantly reduced (P<0.05). However, for 3 days′ total or each day′s blood bleeding volume, no significant difference was observed between the bladder irrigation group and the intravesical instillation group. Conclusion   Local application of hemocoagulase was effective and safe in reducing postoperative bleeding after TURP.

    Transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery of left adrenalectomy
    with general laparoscopic instruments: one case report
    ZHANG Xiang, JIAO Wei, YAN Lei, WANG Xiao-hong, XU Zhong-hua
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  97. 
    Abstract ( 836 )   PDF (1887KB) ( 389 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the clinical feasibility and indications of transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery of adrenalectomy (LESS-A) with general laparoscopic instruments. Methods   One patient with left nonfunctioning adenoma underwent transumbilical LESS-A. The patient was placed in a 60°modified flank position. A 2cm skin incision using Hasson open technique was made at the level of paraumbilicus for the insertion of the home-made single-port platform. Following the strategy of conventional transperitoneal adrenalectomy, the surgery was performed with general laparoscopic instruments. Finally, specimen was removed through the skin incision. Results   The surgery was performed successfully. No conversion to open or 3-port laparoscopic surgery was necessary. No drainage tube was left. No intra-operative complications was observed, nor post-operative complications after a four-week follow-up. Conclusion   Results have shown its clinical safety and feasibility, and the possibility to become a new gold standard for left adrenalectomy.

    Expression of SOX4 and its regulation by diallyl trisulfide
    in prostate cancer
    ZHANG Jing1, WANG Lin2, YANG Xiao-qing2, WANG Chun-ni2, WANG Yan3, ZHANG Juan3, HAN Bo2,3
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  100. 
    Abstract ( 1023 )   PDF (2179KB) ( 840 )   Save
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    Objective   To characterize the expression of SOX4 in prostate cancer patients and investigate the effect of diallyl trisulfide (DATS) on proliferation and invasion of SOX4positive prostate cancer cells and its role in regulation of SOX4. Methods   The PV9000 two-step immunohistochemical method was utilized to examine the expression of SOX4 protein in 141 prostate cancer patients. Correlation of SOX4 expression with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis were also analyzed. Prostate cancer cell line Vcap, which demonstrated overexpression of SOX4, was treated with various concentrations of DATS (0,20,40,60μmol/L), followed by MTS assay to determine its cellular proliferation; Matrigel invasion assay was used to assess the effect of 40μmol/L DATS on the invasive capacity of Vcap cells. Real time-PCR was performed to detect mRNA expression level of SOX4 by 40μmol/L DATS treatment. Results   Overexpression of SOX4 protein was preset in 21% (28/135) of prostate cancer patients, and significantly correlated with high Gleason score and the presence of distant metastasis (P<0.05). SOX4 was an independent prognostic factor for prostate cancer. In vitro experiments revealed that 20~60μmol/L DATS significantly inhibited proliferation of Vcap cells in a dose -and time-dependent manner. The invasive capacity of Vcap cells was inhibited by 40μmol/L DATS. Meanwhile, SOX4 expression was significantly decreased at mRNA level by 40μmol/L DATS treatment. Conclusion   Overexpression of SOX4 is associated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer patients. DATS significantly inhibites proliferation and invasion of Vcap cell line, and down-regulates SOX4 expression at mRNA level.

    Serum interlukine-28B expression in HBV related primary
    hepatocellular carcinoma patients and its significance
    WANG Xiao-hua1, GAO Shu-chun1, CUI Lei2, JIANG Xue-mei1, DU Yi-zhen1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  106-110. 
    Abstract ( 1019 )   PDF (1354KB) ( 354 )   Save
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    Objective   To detect serum IL-28B expression in HBV related PHC patients and its significance.  Methods   92 serum samples, including chronic hepatitis B(CHB, 26 cases), HBV related liver cirrhosis(LC, 22 cases) primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC,34 cases) and healthy controls(10 cases), were collected. Serum IL-28B level was examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and its correlation with clinical parameters was analyzed. Meanwhile, confirmatory test was used to determine the role of IL-28B in diagnosing PHC. Results   ① Serum IL-28B levels of PHC group were significantly higher than those of CHB, LC and control groups(P<0.01). There was no correlation between serum IL-28B levels and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels or HBV-DNA levels in PHC group(P>0.05). Stratified analysis suggested that serum IL28B levels of the paitents whose  tumor number was  less than 3 ,were higher than those  of the paitents whose tumor number was  equal  to  or  more than 3(P<0.05). ② The area under the ROC curve of IL-28B was 0.883,and the optimal cut-off value was 611.0pg/mL when diagnosing PHC, with sensitivity of 82.4% and specificity of 93.1%. Combined detection of IL-28B and alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) could improve the sensitivity up to 88.2% and maintain a moderate level of specificity of 82.8%.Conclusion   Serum IL-28B expression in PHC group increases significantly and it has some relationship with both tumor number and diameter, which suggests that IL-28B may play a role in the development of PHC. IL-28B combined with AFP may enhance thediagnostic accuracy of PHC and it may be taken as another useful index in diagnosing PHC.

    Expression of IgG subclasses and its significance in hepatitis B
    virus associated membranous nephropathy
    LIU Jin-rong1, WANG-Lei2, DU Wen-jun3, ZHEN Jun-hui4
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  111-114. 
    Abstract ( 1438 )   PDF (1441KB) ( 466 )   Save
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    Objective   To detect and compare the expression levels of four IgG subclasses(IgG1、 IgG2、 IgG3 and IgG4)in glomeruli between hepatitis B viral clearance membranous nephropathy (HBV-MN) and idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), and to explore the role of IgG subclasses in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis in nephropathy. Methods   Immunofluorescence was utilized to determine the expressions of IgG1、 IgG2、 IgG3、 IgG4 in kidney biopsy tissues from 32 patients with HBV-MN and 20 patients with IMN. Results   Among the 32 cases of patients with HBV-MN, deposition of IgG1 was identified in 30 cases; IgG4 was positively expressed in 6 cases, and 5 out of these 6 cases were with simultaneous IgG1 deposition; IgG 2 was expressed in 21 cases, and IgG3 was positive in 13 cases. By contrast, deposition of IgG4 was identified in 19 cases with IMN; IgG1 deposition was present in 15 cases, but with weak expression only; Expressions of IgG2 and IgG3 were present in 7 and 4 cases, respectively. Conclusion   IgG1 deposition is mainly present in HBV-MN , but IgG4 deposition is mainly present in IMN, sometimes with IgG1 together.The positive rate between the two groups has no significant difference,but the expression intensity of the HBV-MN group is significantly higher than that of the IMN group. The different patterns of immune complex deposition suggest that the pathogenesis of HBV-MN differs from that of IMN.IgG4 and IgG1 may be the valuable biological indicator in diagnosis and differential diagnosis for IMN and HBV-MN.

    Clinical value of Fibroscan stiffness measurement and ultrasonography
    in diagnosing chronic hepatitis B-related fibrosis
    LI Jian-zhi1, LI Jie1, XIONG Chun-mei1, ZHANG Mei-fang2, ZHENG Xue2, ZHANG Ling-yun2,ZHANG Guo-quan2, SUN Ai-hua1, SHAN Rong1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  115. 
    Abstract ( 988 )   PDF (1294KB) ( 415 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the clinical value of Fibroscan stiffness measurement (FS) and ultrasonography (USG) in diagnosing chronic hepatitis B-related fibrosis.  Methods   114 chronic hepatitis B patients confirmed by the liver biopsy were detected through FS and USG. The USG parameters such as hepatic parenchyma, capsule, edge and vein were graded by the semi-quantitative score method. The liver biopsy pathology results were used as the golden standard to test the parameters of FS and USG through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.  Results   The parameters of FS and USG increased gradually with liver fibrosis exacerbation.And these parameters were well correlated with the pathological change on the liver fibrosis (r=0.81, 0.75, 0.73, 0.76, 0.76, and 0.80, P<0.001) . The ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve for stiffness, the changes score of hepatic parenchyma, capsule, edge and vein and their total score were 0.89, 0.84, 0.84, 0.83, 0.81 and 0.86 respectively.  Conclusion   The parameters of FS and USG are well correlated with the liver fibrosis pathological change in chronic hepatitis B patients. FS has high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing chronic hepatitis B-related fibrosis.

    Clinical pathology and prognosis of solitary fibrous tumors in
    the head and the neck: a report of 6 cases
    GAO Hong1, WANG Yin-feng1, SHU Wei-long2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  119. 
    Abstract ( 1135 )   PDF (1671KB) ( 532 )   Save
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    Objective   To discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment principles and prognosis of solitary fibrous tumor(SFT)in the head and the neck. Method   6 cases of head and neck SFT were retrospectively analyzed in clinical features, imaging findings, surgical techniques and postoperative HE staining  immuno-histochemical characteristics of chemistry and prognosis. Results   All were primary healing without significant complications. In a follow-up of 12-28 months, recurrence was not found in 5 patients. 1 patient lost follow-up. Postoperative pathology diagnosis was SFT and of all tumor cells were immunehistochemically positive for CD34 and Vim. Conclusion   SFTs in the head and the neck are rare, and most are clinically benign, occasional with recurrence and metastasis of intermediate tumor. Diagnosis must depends on immune-histochemistry of the whole specimen. Complete radical resection is the first choice of treatment. Long-term close follow-up is mandatory because of aggression in the small number of case.

    Detection of serum TNF-α、IL-6 and CRP level in patients
    with preeclampsia and periodontal disease
    YAO Li1, SUN Qin-feng2, YANG Chun-hui1
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  123-126. 
    Abstract ( 777 )   PDF (965KB) ( 483 )   Save
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    Objective   To explore the change and possible relationship of serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)、 interleukin-6(IL-6)、 C-reactive protein(CRP) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and preeclampsia (PE). Methods   A case-control study was carried out that included 42 preeclamptic and 42 non- preeclamptic pregnant women between 26 to 36 weeks of pregnancy.  Among them, 21 were patients with PE and CP (group PE+CP), 21 were patients with CP (group CP), 21 were patients with PE (group PE) and 21 were healthy volunteers (group H). The periodontal indexes such as PI, PD, AL and BOP were recorded and the serum levels of  TNFα、 IL-6、 CRP  were measured. ResultsThe periodontal indexes including probing depth(PD)、 attachment loss(AL) and bleeding on probing(BOP) were significantly different among the four groups. In the (PE+CP)、 PE and CP groups, the serum levels of TNF-α、 IL-6、 CRP levels were significantly higher compared to those in the H group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the TNF-α、 IL-6、 CRP  levels  were  significantly  higher in the(PE+CP)group than those in the PE and CP groups (P<0.05). Conclusion      TNF-α、 IL-6、 CRP  may  be  closely  related  to  the  pathogenesis of preeclampsia  and  chronic periodontitis. A certain correlation may exist between preeclampsia and chronic periodontitis.

    Prevalence of hypotension and its relativity with chronic diseases
    in insured staffs in the town of Dezhou city
    WU Ji-wei1, DONG Mao-jiang1, ZHANG Ming-xia2
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2012, 50(10):  127-129. 
    Abstract ( 879 )   PDF (1003KB) ( 429 )   Save
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    Objective   To investigate the prevalence of hypotension in the insured staffs in Dezhou town and the influencing factors, and to discuss the relationship of hypotension with chronic diseases. Methods   A cross-sectional study for hypotension was conducted using the medical information of the insured staffs in Dezhou town. Results   The prevalence rate of hypotension in the investigated insured staffs was 6.7%, 2.7% in males and 11.5% in females. The prevalence of hypotension gradually declined with aging, and it had great differences among different units (P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that hypotension was associated with sex, age, BMI, heart rate, drinking, sports, blood sugar, plasma lipids and cholesterol. The morbidity of cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease, diabetes, hyperlipoidemia and fatty liver in the staffs with hypotension was obviously lower than that in the others. Conclusions   The prevalence of hypotension in the staffs of different sexes,different ages and different units has differences, and the relevant risk factors are various. People with low blood pressure have less risk of various chronic diseases.