Table of Content

  

16 July 2010
Volume 48 Issue 7

Articles


Articles

Independent relationship between serum adiponectin level and Hypertension，Insulin Resistance

CHANG Caiyun1, LI Yingmin2, FENG Yueqiu3, WANG Yan4, WANG Shumei3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  1-6. 

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Objective  To investigate the adiponectinemia in hypertension patients is the result of an increase in blood pressure itself or the accompanying condition of insulin resistance(IR), study the role in the onset and development of hypertension, then provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Methods   Forty seven essential hypertensive patients without IR, 41 normotensive subjects with IR，41 essential hypertensive patients with IR and 41 normotensive subjects without IR were enrolled in our research. We used analysis of covariance to compare the plasma adiponectin concentrations among the four groups in order to approach the association of adiponectin concentration with hypertension and IR. Results   There was no significant difference of adiponectin concentration among the four groups(P>0.05); adiponectin concentrations in normotensive subjects without IR male group(4.757mg/L) were significantly higher than that of the other three groups, which were 3.070mg/L, 2.964mg/L, 2.604mg/L(P=0.000; P=0.001; P=0.002). No interaction was detected significantly between the insulin resistance and hypertension to adiponectin concentration. Conclusion   There is a gender difference in serum adiponectin levels; Insulin resistance and hypertension were independent factors for adiponectinemia in the male subjects.

Research advances on in vitro reconstruction of  tissue-engineered human corneal epithelium

FAN Tingjun, YANG Hongshou, HU Xiuzhong, ZHAO Jun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  7-13. 

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From the two aspects of seeder cell source and scaffold carrier selection, in vitro reconstruction of tissue-engineered human corneal epithelium, and the existing problems and resolving pathways during its researches are reviewd here.

Effect of antiepileptic drugs on cognitive functions and expressions of glutamate receptor 2 and synaptophysin of the hippocampus in rats

KONG Min， GAO Yuxing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  14-18. 

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Objective   To explore the effect of antiepileptic drugs valproate acid（VPA）,oxcarbazepine（OXC） and levetiracetam（LEV） on cognitive functions and expressions of glutamate receptor 2 and synaptophysin of the hippocampus in rats. Methods   60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups(n=10): normal control group,VPA group, LEV group, OXC group, LEV+VPA group and LEV+OXC group. The drugs were given by gavage twice-daily for 90 days, and then the spatial and conditional learning and memory abilities of the rats were tested with Moriss water maze and shuttle box test. The expressions of glutamate rceptor 2 and synaptophysin in hippocampus were tested by immunohistochemical method. Results    Compared with normal control group, the VPA group had a significant  differences in the mean time of escape latencies, precise time and swimming time of the Moriss water maze, and in active avoidance times, active avoidance latencies and passive avoidance latencies of shuttle box(P＜0.05）.Compared with the normal control group, VPA group had significant decreases in the expressions of glutamate receptor 2 and synaptophysin, and there was a significant decrease in the expression of glutamate receptor 2 in the LEV+VPA group（P＜0.05）. Conclusion   LEV,OXC,LEV+OXC and LEV+VPA have no effect on cognitive functions, and the effect of VPA on cognitive functions may be related with the decrease of the expressions of glutamate receptor 2 and synaptophysin.

Effects of human Thioredoxin on pneumocyte apoptosis and ASK1 expression in rats with lung ischemia/ reperfusion injury

NI Shirong1, WANG Wantie1, WANG Xin2, HAO Maolin1, DAI Yongyue1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  19. 

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Objective   To investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and apoptosis in lung ischemia/reperfusion injury, and to observe the inhibitory effects of human Thioredoxin in lung ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods   Single lung in situ ischemia/reperfusion animal model was used. Eighty four Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group, ischemia / reperfusion  group and human Thioredoxin group. Lung tissue was taken to measure the ratio of wet to dry lung tissue weight (W/D）, index of quantitative assessment of histologic lung injury (IQA), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling and immunocytochemistry techniques were used to observe the pneumocyte apoptosis index (AI) and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) expression in various phases of lung ischemia/reperfusion. Results   The activity of SOD showed a time-dependent decrease in the ischemia / reperfusion  group (P<0.01), while the content of MDA, values of W/D, IQA and AI , and expression of ASK1 were gradually increased with the time of reperfusion prolonging in lung tissues of lung ischemia/ reperfusion injury compared with the control group (all P<0.01). The hTrx suppressed apoptosis as well as expression of ASK1 and the contents of MDA， W/D and IQA (P<0.01). There was a negative correlation between AI and SOD (r=-0.820, P<0.01). There were significant correlations between W/D, IQA, MDA, ASK1 protein, and AI (r=0.721, 0.835, 0.844, 0.675, respectively; all P<0.01). ASK1 protein was negatively correlated with SOD activity (r=-0.749, P<0.01), and positively correlated with MDA content (r=0.721, P<0.01). Conclusions   Activation of ASK1 and its initiation on cell apoptosis of lung tissues and oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of lung ischemia/reperfusion injury. The protective effects of hTrx include suppressing lipoperoxide reaction and down-regulating the expression of ASK1 and blocking apoptosis in lung tissues of lung ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Effect of diazoxide on the change of apoptotic factors and the ethology of  rat Alzheimer disease model 

LI Jia long1, MA Guo-zhao1, ZHANG Yong1 ， DU Yi-feng1, ZHAO Yun-xia1, LI Jing-xin2, LIU Ke-jing2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  23-26. 

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Objective   To establish Alzheimer disease（AD） models of Wistar rats using β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ1-42) and study the effect of diazoxide on the change of apoptotic factors and the ethology of rat AD models. Methods  Aβ1-42 was injected into the bilateral ventricles of all the rats, and two weeks later the AD models were established. Diazoxide were  injected into some rats at the same time. Y maze electric stimulation was used to evalue the capability of study and memory of the rats, and protein electrophoresis was used to detect the expressions of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in cortical layer and hippocampus of the rats. Results   The capability of study and memory descended, the expression of Bcl-2 decreased and the expression of Caspase-3 increased in the rats injected with Aβ1-42 compared with the normal rats and thoses injected with NS (P<0.05). The capability of study and memory raised, the expression of Bcl-2 increased and the expression of Caspase-3 decreased in the rats injected with Aβ1-42 and diazoxide compared with the rats injected with Aβ1-42 alone(P<0.05). Conclusions  The AD models were established by the injection of Aβ1-42 into the bilateral ventricles of the rats. Diazoxide can improve the capability of study and memory, increase Bcl-2 expression and decrease Caspase-3 expression. It is likely that diazoxide could resist neurons apoptosis induced by Aβ1-42.

Effects of dexamethasone on dynamic changes of lung tissue pathology, ultrastructure and levels of TGFβ1 and IL8 in serum of Pingyangmycininduced pulmonary fibrosis in rats

WANG Feng-qiang1 ， WANG Ai-hua1， YIN Ying-qiu2， WANG Rong3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  27-32. 

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Objective  To investigate the effects of dexamethasone on dynamic changes of lung tissue pathology, ultrastructure and the levels of TGF-β1 and IL-8 in serum of Pingyangmycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Methods   105 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control group(n=25), the model group(n=40) and the dexamethasone group(n=40). Rats in both the model group and the dexamethasone group were injected with Pingyangmycin(5mg/kg)through tracheofistulization to induce pulmonary fibrosis, while rats in the control group were injected with equivalent physiological saline. After operation, dexamethasone (4mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally subjected to the dexamethasone group rats once per day.  Equivalent saline was administered to rats in both the control group and the model group. On the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day, five rats in the control group and eight rats in both of the other two groups were dissected to observe the pathological changes of the lung tissues. The ultrastructure and the levels of TGF-β1 and IL-8 in serum were determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Results   Histopathologic examination results were consistent with the characteristics of rat pulmonary fibrosis models. The lung ultrastructures of the model group and the dexamethasone group significantly changed compared with the control group. At different time points, the concentrations of TGF-β1 and IL-8 in serum were increased and then decreased in both the model group and the dexamethasone group, and were significantly higher than those of the control group, especially on the 7th day. Levels of TGF-β1 and IL-8 in serum were similar between the model group and the dexamethasone group, and there were no significant difference between them (P>0.05) . Conclusion   TGF-β1 and IL-8  play an important role in the process of alveolitis and the pulmonary fibrosis induced by Pingyangmycin in rats. Dexamethasone (4mg/kg) does not reduce the levels of TGF-β1 and IL-8 in serum of Pingyangmycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats, this may be associated with the immunocompromised state, which increases the risk of the chance of infection.

JAK/STAT signaling pathway mediates β-amyloid protein-induced TNF-α action of microglia in vitro

YANG Li-ling， WANG Lu， REN Xiao-yan， HAN Xiao-juan， DU Yi-feng

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  33-36. 

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Objective  To explore the inflammatory response of microglia induced by β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers through the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) ,and to further analyze the relationship between Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) of microglia induced by Aβoligomers. Methods   After the primary rat microglial cells were stimulated and obstructed, the level of TNF-α extracted from supernatant liquid of microglia was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results   TNF-αwas increased after primary rat microglia cells  were treated by Aβoligomers for 24h. However, anti-RAGE IgG and AG490 reduced the activation of microglia cells and obviously inhibited Aβ oligomer-induced release of TNF-α. Conclusions    RAGE is the receptor of microglia in inflammatory response induced by Aβ oligomer. JAK/STAT pathway may participate in the release of TNF-α induced by Aβ oligomer.

Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 regulating apoptosis of human aortic smooth muscle cells

JIANG Weidong1, ZENG Jiping2, WANG Xin1, LU Qinghua1, QIN Aiqiong1, LIU Yusheng1, WU Weifang2, GE Zhiming3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  37-41. 

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Objective   To investigate the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain 7 (EGFL7) of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) on apoptosis of cocultured human aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMC) and its signal transduction pathway. Methods   HUVEC and AoSMC were co-cultured in cell co-culture pools. The special siRNA targeting EGFL7 was transfected into HUVEC by lipofectamine, irrelevant siRNA as the negative group(neg) and siRNA-nontransfected cells as the control group(con).When the Egfl7 gene was silenced in HUVEC, AoSMC cell survival rates were determined by MTS, LDH, ATP and Caspase-3 release amount by spectrophotometry, and Bcl-2 and bax expressions in AoSMC by RT-PCR. Results   AoSMC survival rates decreased significantly after 24,36 and 48 hours（P<0.05）. There were significant differences in ATP release amount, LDH content in medium and Caspase-3amount at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours（P<0.05）. The bcl-2 expression was gently reduced and there were significant differences at 24, 36 and 48 hours compared with the control and negative group（P<0.05）. While there was no significant difference in the bax expression（P>0.05）. Conclusion   The silence of EGFL7 in HUVEC could promote apoptosis of AoSMC. EGFL7 may regulate apoptosis of SMC via Bcl-2-related signal pathway.

Gene therapy of endoribonucleaseⅢ-prepared siRNAs (esiRNA) library for HBV infection

TIAN Ming-zhong1 ，GAO Jie1， WANG Dong-qiu1， ZHU Chang-jun2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  42-46. 

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Objective   To construct a HBV esiRNA library and to study its inhibitory effects on HBV replication in HepG2.215 cells. Methods   The GST-fusion protein of Escherichia coli endoribonucleaseⅢ (GST-RNaseⅢ) was prepared, purified，  and then used to cleave the double strand RNA(dsRNA) transcribed in vitro from a two-orientation-transcription template for 1-540 nucleotides of the HBV genome(T7-HBV-1). The HBV esiRNA library generated from the above digestion was then used at 50, 100 and 150nmol/L to transfect HepG2.215 cells carrying HBV. The inhibitory effects on HBsAg expression were examined with QRT and ELISA assays. Results   Active enzyme GST-RNaseⅢ was prepared and purified. The HBV esiRNA library was successfully generated from dsRNA by GSTRNaseⅢ digestion. HBsAg expression was significantly reduced in HepG2 cells after transfection of the esiRNA library. Conclusion   Biologically prepared esiRNA library could successfully inhibit the replication of HBV in HepG2.215 cells, providing a novel idea for the treatment of HBV infection.

A new experimental model of traumatic retinal detachment in rabbit

MA Ting1，2, WANG Chang-guan1, MA Zhi-zhong1, XU Hang-xiu3, JIANG Cai-hui3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  47-51. 

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Objective   To establish a new rabbit model of experimental traumatic retinal detachment caused by non-exogenous-inducer and to observe the corresponding histological changes in retina.   Methods   A scleral incision was made 2 mm posterior and parallel to the limbus at the posterior and superior quadrant of the rabbit eye. The vitreous was squeezed out. BSS was injected into the sub-retinal space to produce a 180° retinal detachment. 8-0 absorbable suture was used for the wound. Pathological changes were observed under histopathological light microscope and electron microscope. Results   Neural retina degeneration of various degrees was observed in all the layers of the retina after the retinal detachment, with the most significant damages found in the photoreceptors. Decreased cellular components and damaged structure were observed in the neurons. Changes such as hyperplasia, hypertrophy and gliosis were found in the Müller cells.  Conclusions   This new animal model has the advantage of high incidence of retinal detachment and ideal development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy in later stage, thus can be used for the researches on retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Feasibility of HFB and tissue Doppler in evaluating cardiac function of DCM mice

QU Jiangbo1, XIA Wei1, GE Shuping1, XIE Mingxing2, ZHENG Minjuan3, SUN Ruopeng1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  52-55. 

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Objective   To investigate the feasibility and value of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in evaluating early myocardial dysfunction using HFB in a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods     A total of 33 mice carrying the ZASP4 mutation found in a DCM family were studied by using HFB with a Vevo 770 system and a 40 MHz transducer. The sample volume of TDI was placed on the posterior wall of the left ventricle, which was divided into basal, middle and apical segments to obtain systolic and diastolic peak velocities (S′, E′ and A′). The mice were divided into 3 groups according to ages: Group 1 (G1， 3 months， n=12)， Group 2 (G2， 6 months，n=11), and Group 3 (G3， 9 months，n=10). Global cardiac function was evaluated by Mmode and twodimensional echocardiography to obtain fractional shorting (FS) and ejection fraction (EF). Results    Both FS and EF in Bmode and Mmode echocardiograms showed no significant difference between G1and G2，but significantly decreased in G3. The TDI S′ were significantly decreased in G2 than in G1 in the basal ［(28.62±4.32)  vs  (45.8±12.04) mm/s, P<0.01］ and middle segments ［(26.32±5.35)  vs  (38.63±12.62) mm/s, P<0.01］, and further diminished in  G3 compared with G1and G2 in the two segments (P<0.01). Conclusion    TDI using HFB is feasible, and TDI velocities are probably more sensitive to early myocardial dysfunction in the mouse model of DCM.

Effect of Cystamine on the expression of tissue-type transglutaminase after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in  rats

SUN Li1， LI Yun2, ZHU Meirong2, QI Lei2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  56-60. 

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Objective    To observe the effect of Cystamine on the chronological expression of tissue-type transglutaminase after the hippocampal region of global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods   The experimental global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established by the method of 4-vessel occlusion.The Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n=8), global cerebral ischemia group (n=48) and global cerebral ischemia treatment group(n=48) . Global cerebral ischemia group and global cerebral ischemia treatment group were divided into six subsets such as 6,12hour,1,3,5,7day according to the time point with 8 rats. Cystamine was injected intraperitoneally［0.15mg/(g·day)］10 minutes after cerebral ischemia for global cerebral ischemia treatment group. Saline was injected intraperitoneally for global cerebral ischemia group and shamoperated group. Neurons apoptosis was detected by TUNEL technology and the expression of tTG was detected by Immunohistochemistry(SP)in the hippocampal CA1 region of different time points.The other 52 rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group(n=4) , global cerebral ischemia group(n=24) and global cerebral ischemia treatment group (n=24). Global cerebral ischemia group and global cerebral ischemia treatment group were divided into six subsets according tothe time point with 4 rats.The expression of tTG was detected by Western blotting. Results    About 24h after ischemiareperfusion injury ,the positive cells of TUNEL staining were significantly increased. Compared to the sham-operated group, the positive cells of TUNEL at the subset 1, 3, 5, 7day after global cerebral ischemia group were significantly increased（P<0.05）.The number of apoptotic cells in subset 1, 3, 5, 7day of global cerebral ischemia treatment group were significantly less than that of global cerebral ischemia group （P<0.05）. In global cerebral ischemia treatment group, tTG immunopositive cells began to decrease in the CA1 region of hippocampus in subset 12hour time point,and significantly decreased in 3, 5, 7day subset of global cerebral ischemia group（P<0.05）. In global cerebral ischemia treatment group, tTG protein level began to increase 1 days after ischemia-reperfusion, and significantly decreased in 3, 5, 7day subset of global cerebral ischemia group（P<0.05）. Conclusion    Cystamine can reduce the expression of tTG after the hippocampal CA1 region of global cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury in rats, which might be the mechanism of protecting ischemic injury of neurons.

Decitabine induces demethylation and up-regulates transcription of the P15INK4B gene in lymphoma cell line Raji cells

XU Xin, DAI Qiuxin, XU Maozhong, ZHAO Yu, MENG Wenjun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  61. 

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Objective    To investigate methylation of the P15INK4B gene in lymphoma cell line Raji cells and to evaluate the effects of decitabine on demethylation of P15INK4B in human lymphoma cell line Raji cells and on proliferation of Raji cells. Methods    Raji cells were treated with decitabine, and the effect of decitabine on proliferation of Raji cells wth trypan blue exclusion was investigated and the apoptosis of cells stained by Annexin /Ⅴ-FITC was determined. The mRNA expression of P15INK4B in cells treated with decitabine was determined by reverse transcription-polyerase chain reaction (RTPCR). Methylation of the P15INK4B gene in Raji cells was determined by PCR using methylation specific primer (MSP). Results    Decitabine inhibited the Raji cell growth and promoted apoptosis of Raji cells, and up-regulated the  P15INK4B mRNA expression by demethylation of the p15INK4B gene. Conclusion  P15INK4B gene of Raji cells was methylated and down-regulated. Decitabine inhibited Raji cell growth by demethylation of P15INK4B.

Thrombospondin-1 induces somatotroph adenoma cell apoptosis in vitro

YANG Wei1, LU Xiangdong2, ZHANG Li1, JIANG Meng1, HAN Yun1, QU Yuanming1，XU Guangming1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  64-68. 

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Objective   To investigate the effect of TSP-1 on the growth of primary somatotroph adenoma cells and expression of TGF-β1 in somatotroph adenoma cells in vitro. Methods    Human somatotroph adenoma (12 cases) cells were cultured in vitro, and the growth-inhibiting rate was obtained by MTT. Flow cytometry was applied to evaluate the apoptosis rate in the cultured cells, and RT-PCR was applied to determine TGF-β1 mRNA expression in somatotroph adenoma cells after treated with TSP-1. Results   The growth of primary somatotroph adenoma cells was significantly inhibited by TSP-1 with concentration and time dependence. Even low concentration of TSP-1  (1-5nmol/L) inhibited cell growth in vitro after 48h. The data of flow cytometry suggested that TSP-1 induced somatotroph adenoma cell apoptosis in vitro and the effect was positively related with concentrations and time. No significant down-regulation of TGF-β1 mRNA expression was induced by low concentration of TSP-1 at any acting time, compared with the negative control group (P>0.05). Conclusion     TSP-1 could induce apoptosis and inhibit primary somatotroph adenoma cell proliferation in vitro, and the effect might be positively related with concentrations and time. In vitro, TSP-1 in low or medium concentration could not regulate expression of TGF-β1.

Association of TRB3 +251A/G polymorphism with left atrial dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome

YAN Huimin1, YANG Jing2, GONG Huiping1,3, WANG Zhihao1, FANG Ningning1,WANG Jia1, ZHANG Wei1, ZHANG Yun1, ZHONG Ming1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  69. 

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Objective    To investigate the association of TRB3 gene +251A/G polymorphism with the alterations of left atrial function in the patietns with metabolic syndrome (MS) . Methods    A total of 177 MS patients and 156 gender- and age-matched healthy subjects as controls were included. Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood leukocytes using standard phenol-chloroform extraction procedures. TRB3 gene +251A/G polymorphism was determined for all participants by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Strain rate imaging was preformed to assess left atrial function. Results    The distributions of genotypic and allelic frequencies of TRB3 gene +251A/G polymorphism showed significant differences between MS group and controls (all P<0.05).Compared with controls, the decreases in mean SSR and ESR, reflecting impairment of LA reservoir and conduit function in patients with MS, were significant (both P<0.001). However, mean ASR, an indicator of LA booster function, was similar in two groups (P>0.05). This finding suggested there were no changes in the booster function of left atrium. The carriers of G allele (AG and GG genotypes) demonstrated significantly lower mean SSR, mean ESR and mean ASR of left atrium than those in carriers of AA genotype in MS group (both P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that G allele of TRB3 gene +251A/G polymorphism significantly correlated with mean ESR and mean ASR of LA (both P<0.05). Conclusion    TBB3 gene +251A/G polymorphism has been associated with alterations of LA function. The G allele of +251A/G polymorphism could be an important risk factor for deteriorations of LA function in the patients with metabolic syndrome.

Combined measurement of HLA-DRB1*1501 and the TNF-α-308 gene polymorphism in predicting response to immunosuppressive
therapy for aplastic anemia

QIAO Wenjing1， GUO Nongjian1， DING Botong2， CHEN Yun1， ZHOU Yawei1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  73-76. 

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Objective    To investigate the correlation of the HLA-DRB1*1501 phenotype and TNF-a-308G/A gene polymorphism with response to immunosuppressive therapy for aplastic anemia(AA). Methods    Phenotypes of HLA-DRB1*1501 and polymorphisms of TNF-a-308 were respectively determined by PCRSSP and PCR-RFLP in 40 AA patients initially treated with immunosuppressive therapy based on cyclosporine (CsA).The relation between laboratory indexes and clinical response was investigated. Results    The response rates to immunosuppressive therapy of HLA-DRB1*1501+ and HLA-DRB1*1501 were 12/14(85.7%) vs 12/26(46.2%) (P=0.024), and of TNF-a-308A(TNF2)+and TNF2- were 11/14(78.6%) vs 13/27(48.1%)(P=0.039). Prediction probabilities of the four groups (HLA-DRB1*1501+TNF2+, HLA-DRB1*1501+TNF2, HLA-DRB1*1501-TNF2+ and HLADRB1*1501-TNF2) were 0.963, 0.785, 0.754 and 0.354 respectively.  Conclusion   The combined measurement of HLA-DRB1*1501  and TNF-a（308A）could be a predictor of response to immunosuppressive therapy for aplastic anemia and valuable for clinical application.

Clinical value of dualsource spiral CT in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease in children

LV Jianli1， YI Yingchun1， HAN Bo1， ZHANG Jianjun1， ZHUANG Jianxin1， SUN Yiping1， ZHAO Lijian1， WANG Ximing2， DUAN Yanhua2， WANG Anbiao3， LI

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  77-82. 

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Objective   To determine the value of dual-source spiral CT (DSCT) in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease in children. Methods    DSCT angiographic data of 38 patients（29 males and 9 female； age range， 37 days-11 years， and mean age, 2.1 years） with congenital heart disease were retrospectively analyzed， including 14 cases of coarctation of the aorta， 9 cases of tetralogy of Fallot， 3 cases of anomalous pulmonary venous connection， 3 cases of double outlet of right ventricle， 2 cases of patent ductus arteriosus and 1 each case of pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect, anomalous origin of pulmonary artery with patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect with anomalousaortic arch, pulmonary stenosis with atrial septal defect, dextrocardia, single ventricle and congenital malformations of coronary arteries. Transthoracic echocardiograms (TTE) were performed in all of the patients  and 32 underwent surgical operation. The results of DSCT were compared with those of TTE and surgery. Results    In the process of CT scanning no adverse reaction to the contrast agent occurred. Among the 38 patients DSCT revealed 121 anomalies in all the 140 ones and TTE 127．Surgery was effective with no deaths．In the 32 patients there were 128 deformities confirmed by surgery．The diagnosis accuracies of DSCT and TTE were 85.94％ and 89.84％ respectively．There were 57 intracardiac deformities 40(70.18％) detected by DSCT and 57 (100％) by TTE. The diagnosis accuracy of DSCT was inferior to that of TTE(P<0.05)． There were 20 heart-vessel conjunction deformities any of which was detected by DSCT and TTE． There were 51 great vessel deformities 50(98.04％) detected by DSCT and 38(74.51％) by TTE. The diagnosis accuracy of DSCT was superior to that of TTE(P<0.05)．  Conclusion    DSCT can clearly reveal the pathological morphology of extracardiac vascular abnormalities  primely compensating for the shortage of TTE. Therefore DSCT has an important value in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease especially in that combined with extracardial vascular anomalies．

A comparative study of on-pump beating heart and off-pump coronary artery bypass for patient with left main disease

LI Zhong cheng1, CHUA Yeow Leng2, LIM See Lim2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  83-86. 

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Objective   To make a comparative analysis of the clinical results of onpump beating heart and offpump coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with left main disease. Methods   Consecutive 180 isolated multiple coronary artery bypass patients entered into off-pump coronary artery bypass(group OPCAB，n=90) or coronary artery bypass with cardiopulmonary bypass beating heart(on-pump beating heart OPBH)(group OPBH， n=90). Before surgery there was no significant difference between the two groups with regards to the degree of angina， history of myocardial infarction, COPD, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, stroke and impaired renal function． Group OPBH had more patients with low LVEF(P<0．05). All patients had coronary bypass surgery through full sternotomy. Group of OPBH underwent the support of CPB but Group OPCAB without. Single deep pericardial stay suture with a sling snared down was used to expose the target coronary vessels in group OPCAB，  along with the stabilizers and coronary shunts. Medi-StimButterfly Flowmeter was used to measure the flow grafts in both groups. Results    No one in group OPCAB was needed to be converted into OPBH. The mean number of the distal anastomosis and the ICR (index of completeness of revascularization) is similar in both groups. The respiratory support time， the chest tube drainage and blood transfusion are less in group OPCAB than in group OPBH post-operatively (P<0.05, P<0.01); There is no significant difference in the mortality and other morbidities (peri-operative MI， reopen, respiratory dysfunction, renal dysfunction, stroke，atrial fibrillation, mediastinitis, low extremity infection). Conclusion    Comparing to OPCAB, to patients of low LVEF, OPBH can be applied to patients with left main disease  can achieve similar completeness of revascularization, similar early surgica1 results with longer respiratory support， more transfusion requirement， more ICU stay time.

Serum resistin, MMP2 and NT-ProBNP levels in patients with congestive heart failure

WU Chunjian, XU Yongqing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  87-90. 

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Objective    To study concentration changes of serum resistin, matrix metalloproteinases-2(MMP-2) and N-terminal fragment of the pro-peptide of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP) in patients with congestive heart failure(CHF), and the relationship with the left ventricular function. Methods    78 CHF patients and 30 healthy controls were selected, and serum resistin and MMP-2 were detected by ELISA and NT-ProBNP with the electrochemistry luminescence method. Left ventricular function parameters were measured at the same time: left ventricular end-diastolic dimension(LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic dimension(LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening(LVFS). Results    Serum resistin, MMP-2 and NT-ProBNP levels in patients with CHF were higher than those in the healthy controls(P＜0.05), and evidently increased with cardiac function improvement(P＜0.05). Serum resistin, MMP-2 and NT-ProBNP levels were positively related with LVEDD and LVESD, negatively related with LVEF and LVFS(P＜0.05). Conclusion     Resistin, MMP-2 and NT-ProBNP play a very important role in CHF, and are useful in the early diagnosis and evaluation of cardiac function of CHF patients.

Correlation between ALDH2 polymorphism and coronary slow flow phenomenon

LI Yong， CHEN Yuguo， XU Feng， JI Wenqing， HAO Panpan， WEI Shujian

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  91-94. 

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Objective    To explore the correlation between aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2) polymorphism and coronary slow flow phenomenon(CSFP). Methods    36 patients with coronary slow flow and 23 patients with normal coronary flow were enrolled, which were defined according to the TIMI frame count (TFC). Genotypes, TFC and clinical data of patients were determined. Results    Age level of patients in the slow flow group was significantly lower than that in the normal flow group ［(51.94±9.07) years vs (59.36±8.81) years, P﹤0.05］, while the other basic clinical data were similar between the two groups(P>0.05). The ALDH2 gene mutation rate was higher than in the normal flow group (χ2= 4.58, P=0.03). Logistic regression analysis showed further that the ALDH2 gene mutation was an independent risk factor for CSFP. Conclusion    The ALDH2 gene mutation may increase the incidence of coronary slow flow phenomenon.

Effects of tirofiban on the left ventricular remodeling and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention

CHENG Yiwei1, HAO Enkui1, ZHAO Zhuo1, WANG Sisi2, DU Naili1, WANG Liqi1, WANG Lei1, SU Guohai1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  95-98. 

Abstract ( 883 )   PDF (390KB) ( 363 )   Save

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Objective   To investigate the effects of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor tirofiban on left ventricular remodeling and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)who received primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods  Eighty-five AMI patients on admission in emergency room were to be selected and divided into groups of control group(primary PCI alone, n=40) and experimental group(receiving primary PCI and tirofiban therapy, n=45). We evaluated the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic volume index(LVEDVI), left ventricular end-systolic volume index(LVESVI) and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension(LVEDD) of each patient by echocardiography at the time of admission and the 28 day after the onset of the AMI. At the same time, we recorded the frequency of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) and complications such as bleeding. Results     Two groups on the effects of cardiac remodeling is not statistically significance at the 1 day, but it can be found there are significant differences in LVEF、LVEDVI、LVESVI and LVEDD in experimental group on the 28 day(P<0.05). And the MACE rates are significantly reduced in tirofiban group.But there is not discrepant in the rate of bleeding. Conclusion    Adjunctive therapy with tirofiban for patients with AMI who underwent emergency PCI significantly improves left ventricular function and clinical outcomes during both hospitalization and 28 days′follow-up.But the rate of bleeding complication is proportionable.

The Porous tantalum screw and quadratus femoris muscle-pedicle bone graft in treating Ficat stage II necrosis of femoral head

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  99-101. 

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Objective   To compare the clinical effect between Porous tantalum screw and quadratus femoris muscle-pedicle bone graft in treating Ficat stage II necrosis of the femoral head. Methods    36 cases (46 hips) of Ficat stage II necrosis of the femoral head, dated from July 2006 to April 2009, were studied, including 29 males and 7 females. aged. The average age was 39.2 (26-59) years. 12 cases (16 hips) undergone porous tantalum screw insertion while 24 cases (30 hips) received quadratus femoris musclepedicle bone graft transplantation. The X-ray results and Harris score after the operations were evaluated.  Results     The duration of follow-up was 8-32 months. There was one collapse of the femoral head in the screw group and eleven collapses in the graft group. The post-operation Harris score was 91.4 and 80.7, respectively. Conclusion  Comparing with the quadratus femoris muscle-pedicle bone graft, porous tantalum screw shows more satisfactory results in treating Ficat stage II necrosis of the femoral head.

Expressions of MMP-7 and MMP-2 in esophageal cancer patients

SUN Xiaohong, PANG Zuoliang, LUO Dongbo

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  102-104. 

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Objective    To explore expressions of and pathological relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7) and matrix metalloproteinase- 2(MMP-2) in cancer tissues and its adjacent normal tissues of esophageal cancer patients. MethodsUsing RT-PCR, we detected the expressions of MMP-7 and MMP-2 in 60 cases of esophageal carcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Results    The positivity rates of MMP-7 and MMP-2 expressions were 90.0％(54/60) and 91.7%(55/60) in esophageal carcinoma tissues, and 48.3%(29/60)  and 65.0％（39/60）in adjacent normal tissues. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed a difference in expressions of MMP-7 and MMP-2 between carcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues (P＜0.01), and there was a relationship between expression of MMP-7 and both tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05). There was a positive correlation between expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-7 in tumor tissues. Conclusions   MMP-7 and MMP-2 may function in early stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma（ESCC）. The joint action of the genes for MMP-7 and MMP-2 can promote carcinogenesis and development of esophageal carcinoma.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with SonoVue^TM and low mechanical index gray-scale imaging in the diagnosis of liver tumor necrosis

SHI Dandan, LI Jie, WEI Yun, XIAO Jing, LIU Shaoping, LI Haiying, ZHOU Wei

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  105. 

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Objective    To study the dynamic enhancement changes of necrosis of VX2 tumors with gray-scale contrast enhancement. Methods    16 VX2-bearing rabbits were randomly classified into group A and group B. SonoVueTM (0.1mL/kg) was applied by intravenous bolus injection 10 to 12 days after implantation in group A and 18 to 20 days in group B. The contrast enhancement of liver tumors between the two groups was analyzed using low mechanical index contrast gray-scale imaging. Results    Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with low mechanical index (MI) gray-scale imaging clearly delineated dynamic enhancement of liver parenchyma and tumors. Compared with liver parenchyma, all tumors in group A showed hyperechoic enhancement in arterial phase and hypoechoic enhancement in portal and delayed phases. The enhancement of the tumors in group B was similar to that in group A. The necrotic area in the center of the tumors in group B showed hypoechoic enhancement in all phases, while the peripheral area without necrosis showed dynamic enhancement. Conclusions    Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with low MI level can accurately show the scope of tumor necrosis, which may be useful in evaluating curative effect on liver tumor.

Expression and clinical relevance of ABCA3 in acute myeloid leukemia

HAN Liping, FAN Juan, WANG Xin, ZHOU Fanghui, LIU xin, SUI Xiaohui

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  108-111. 

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Objective    To investigate the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A3 (ABCA3) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and to explore its clinical significance. Method    ① Bone marrow mononuclear cells from 33 newly diagnosed， 13 relapse/refractory AML patients and 10 normal controls were analyzed, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of ABCA3 mRNA, and the data was used to analyze the expression pattern of ABCA3 in different groups; ② According to their response of chemotherapy, the newly diagnosed AML patients was divided into two groups, complete remission group and noncomplete remission group, levels of ABCA3 expression between the two groups were compared; ③ Analyze the relevance of ABCA3 expression and clinical variables (including the initial number of WBC, immunophenotype, FAB subtypes ect). Results    The levels of ABCA3 expression were significantly higher in newly diagnosed and relapse/refractory AML patients than in normal controls (P＜0.01), and were higher in relapse/refractory AML patients than in newly diagnosed(P<0.05). Compared to noncomplete remission group, the levels of ABCA3 expression in complete remission group were lower（P＜0.05）. The levels of ABCA3 expression in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)-blastic phase were higher than other FAB subtypes of AML (P＜0.05, except M3). The expression of ABCA3 had no relationship with the initial number of WBC, the blast percentages, immunophenotype, gender and age. Conclusion    The expression of the ABCA3 gene was closely related to the multidrug resistance and prognosis of AML.

Glutamine granules for Oral Mucositis after Chemotherapy

DOU Huiqin1， HU Dongyan2, WANG Xiuwen2, ZHANG Wendong2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  112. 

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Objective     To explore the efficacy of glutamine granules in the treatment of oral mucositis (OM) caused by chemotherapy. Methods   Ninety-one patients were divided into two groups randomly, in which 46 patients received glutamine granues (a gargle of 5g/10mL, 3 times/day) while the orther 45 received placebo (a gargle of 10mL, 3 times/day). All the cases must start with glutamine granules or placebo on the same day when chemotherapy began.  OM grade was evaluated  according to the gradings issued by WHO. Meanwhile, the score of quality of life was also recorded. Results    Compared with placebo, glutamine group significantly reduced the incidences of grade 3 and 4 OM （P<0.05 ). Glutamine also significantly enhanced the score of quality of life on the 7th, 14th and 21st day (P<0.05). Meanwhile, patients received glutamine used less painkiller (P<0.05) and showed low incidence of  bleeding (P<0.05). The necessity of total parenteral nutrition due to OM was also reduced considerably than that of placebo group(P<0.05). Conclusion     Glutamine granules is effective to treat OM in the patients receiving cytotoxic  chemotherapy.

Variation and significance of peripheral blood matrix metalloproteinase-2 and interleukin-18  in patients with acute coronary  syndrome

CHEN Tao, ZHANG Xuhong， ZHU Xinglei

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  115-118. 

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Objective   To investigate the concentration changes of  matrix  metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2), interleukin-18(IL-18) and fibrinogen in patients with acute-coronary syndrome(ACS)and their significance. Methods   Levels of MMP-2 and IL-18 were measured by ELISA in 32  patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) , 24 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) ,36 patients with SAP (stable angina pectoris)and 40 healthy subjects. The level of fibrinogen was measured with the Clauss method. Results  Levels of MMP-2 and IL-18 were higher in the UA and AMI groups than in the SAP group and control group(P＜0.05﹚, while there was no significant difference in the level of fibrinogen among the four groups﹙P＞0.05﹚. In patients with ACS, the peak value of MMP-2 appeared on day 1, followed by a gradual decrease up to day 10, whereas IL-18 on day 3. Conclusion   MMP-2 and IL-18 play an important role in the pathogenesis of ACS.

Screening SCN2A gene for mutations in patients with epilepsy with febrile seizures plus

YU Meijuan1, QinBing2, SHI Yiwu1, GAO Meimei1, DANG Lihua1, LIAO Weiping1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  119. 

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Objective    To screen the SCN2A gene in Chinese patients diagnosed as having epilepsy with febrile seizures plus( EFS+) and to explore the possible relationship between the SCN2A and EFS+. Methods    After collecting blood samples, we screened all 26 coding exons and introns relevant to mRNA splice of SCN2A gene with denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) technology and then performed sequence analysis on those with abnormal elution peaks. Results     We did not detect gene mutation but found 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). There was a difference in allele frequency of SCN2A introns SNP EXON9-3nt and EXON23-31 nt between the two groups（P＜0.05）.  Conclusion   Intron SNPs EXON9-3nt and EXON23-31nt in SCN2A gene are possibly associated with EFS+.

Microsurgical treatment for craniopharyngioma: analysis of 59 cases

ZHANG Lei, LI Xingang, LI Gang, XU Shujun, WANG Donghai, WANG Xinyu, ZHAO Peng, LI Xueen

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  122-125. 

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Objective    To explore the operative approach in microsurgical treatment of craniopharyngioma and to evaluate its effects. Methods   Clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, surgical approaches, tumor resection extent and follow-up data of 59 cases of craniopharyngioma were retrospectively analyzed. Results    43 cases of tumors were totally removed, and 16 subtotally removed. No patients died. After 5 months to 3 years of follow-up, 3 cases of recurrence were found. The symptoms and signs in the 50 patients were improved in different degrees. Conclusion    The interhemispheric approach is more safe and effective for removing craniopharyngioma.

Synthetic evaluation on hospital medical quality by factor analysis

YANG Caixia, SUN Guanggong, HAO Fengjuan, MA Xiaolong, JIAO Taotao, YANG Hongxia

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  126. 

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Objective     To analyze the potential factors affecting indicators of medical quality, to synthetically evaluate the medical quality, and to explore the change of the medical quality in different stages. Methods     With the SPSS 16.0, we analyzed 14 quality indicators by factor analysis from Jan 2007 to Dec 2008, including the number of outpatients, the number of discharges, number of operations, rate of bed utilization, frequency of bed rotation, length of hospital stay, rate of cure and improvement, case fatality rate, coincidence rate of admission and discharge diagnosises, coincidence rate of pathological and clinical diagnosises, coincidence rate of preoperative and postoperative diagnosises, hospital complication rate, mean hospitalization cost, and grade A healing rate of aseptic operation. Results     Three common factors were extracted: the quantitative and qualitative factor, medical level factor, and complication factor. The cumulative contribution rate of the 3 factors was 75.04%. The synthetic factor scores were ascending over the same stages of the two years. Conclusion     The quantitative and qualitative factor, medical level factor and complication factor are the potential affecting factors, and synthetic factor scores can provide evidence for synthetic evaluation on hospital medical quality.

Reliability and validity assessment of SF-36 in measuring quality of life of migrants from the Three Gorges Area

LIU Baofeng 1， YUAN Changhai1， YU Jingmin2， QIN Jingzhu 1， GUO Li1，GENG Wenge3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(7):  129-132. 

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Objective     To explore the reliability and validity of SF-36 in measuring the quality of life of the Three Gorges migrants. Methods     Subjects in this study were selected with the cluster random sampling method. SF-36 was used to measure the quality of life of 324 migrants who moved to Shandong Province. A questionnaire was used for collecting data.  Results    The reliability and validity of SF-36 were acceptable. The split-half reliability was 0.926. The Cronbach α coefficient of all dimensions was >0.80. Two common factors representing the physical and mental health were obtained by factor analysis. SF-36 had good differential validity.   Conclusion    SF-36 has good reliability and validity and can be used to measure the quality of life of the Three Gorges migrants.