烟台市市售蔬菜中重金属污染情况及膳食暴露风险

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2023.0660

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解烟台市市售蔬菜中铅、镉、汞、砷4种重金属污染状况,并对其进行膳食暴露风险评估。方法依据国家标准方法,检测蔬菜中重金属的含量,采用污染指数法评价蔬菜中重金属的污染状况,采用目标危害系数(target hazard quotient, THQ)、总目标危害系数(total target hazard quotient, TTHQ)法定量评估蔬菜中重金属膳食暴露对人体的健康风险。结果烟台市市售蔬菜中4种重金属均有不同程度检出,铅、镉、汞、砷含量的平均值分别为0.014 2、0.002 8、0.000 4、0.007 1 mg/kg,镉的检出率最高,为35.36%。本研究采集的758份样品中仅有2份韭菜样品铅含量超标,超标率为0.26%。蔬菜中4种重金属的单因子污染指数及综合污染指数均低于0.7,鳞茎类蔬菜污染最为严重,但尚处于安全水平。对于成人及儿童,4种重金属的THQ值、TTHQ值均小于1。结论烟台市蔬菜中重金属的污染水平较低,对人体的健康风险较小。

关键词: 蔬菜, 重金属, 污染, 暴露, 风险评估

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of heavy metal pollution in vegetable samples in Yantai City, and to assess the dietary exposure risk. Methods According to the national standards, the contents of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic in vegetables were measured and analyzed with the pollution index. The risk of dietary exposure was assessed with the target hazard coefficient(THQ)and total target hazard coefficient(TTHQ). Results The four heavy metals were detected in vegetables to varying degrees. The average contents of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic were 0.014 2, 0.002 8, 0.000 4 and 0.007 1 mg/kg, respectively. The detection rate of cadmium was the highest, accounting for 35.36%. Of the 758 vegetable samples, 2 leek samples had excessive lead, and the over-standard rate was 0.26%. The pollution index and comprehensive pollution index of the four heavy metals were lower than 0.7. Of all samples, bulb vegetables were the most polluted but still at a safe level. The THQ and TTHQ of the four heavy metals for adults and children were less than 1. Conclusion The overall level of heavy metals in vegetables in Yantai City is relatively low. Eating vegetables poses no significant health risk to the human body.

Key words: Vegetables, Heavy metals, Pollution, Exposure, Risk assessment

中图分类号:

R155

唐玉莹,王保珍,肖培瑞,翟玉庭,王克波,陈晨,褚遵华. 烟台市市售蔬菜中重金属污染情况及膳食暴露风险[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2024, 62(1): 95-101.

TANG Yuying, WANG Baozhen, XIAO Peirui, ZHAI Yuting, WANG Kebo, CHEN Chen, CHU Zunhua. Heavy metal pollution status and dietary exposure risk of marketed vegetables in Yantai City[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2024, 62(1): 95-101.

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