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Table of Content

      
    16 December 2009
    Volume 46 Issue 12
    Articles
    Construction, expression and purification of HKGF 2 in different prokaryotic vectors
    YOU Li, YU De-Rong, XU Xiao-Qun, WANG Jun-Fu, GAO Chun-Yi, ZHAO Yue-Ran
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1115-1119. 
    Abstract ( 1136 )   PDF (662KB) ( 396 )   Save
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    Objective To explore expressions of hKGF2 (human keratinocyte growth factor 2)in different prokaryotic vectors and host bacteria and their corresponding purification and bioactivity. Methods  The mature hKGF2 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from cultured human embryonic lung fibroblast. After DNA cloning and sequencing, the hKGF2 gene was ligated with pBV220 and pET-30a(+), and then transformed into different host bacteria. The expressed protein was determined by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. The protein in different vectors was purified by cation-exchange chromatography and Ni-affinity chromatograph,  and determined by electrophoretic analysis, followed by bioactivity detection with MTT. Results The expression level of hKGF2 in pBV220 was highest when transformed into E.coli DH5α, which amounted to 15% of total bacterial proteins and the target protein level in pET-30a(+) transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3)reached 25%. The purity of the target protein was over 95% and all purified proteins could promote the proliferation of human embryonic kidney epithelial cells. Conclusions The purified protein yield of hKGF2 in E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET30a(+) is significantly higher than that in E.coli JM109/pBV220.

    Effects of 4HPR on the apoptosis of Hela cells
    HAN Xiao-Hong, SHAO Shi-He, XUE Yan-Jun
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1120-1123. 
    Abstract ( 1071 )   PDF (631KB) ( 204 )   Save
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    Objective To investigate the effects of N-(4-hydroxyphengl)  retinamide (4HPR) on apoptosis in Hela cells. Methods Morphologic changes of Hela cells induced by 4HPR were detected by light microscopy, laser focusing, fluorescent and electron microscopy. The morphologic and biochemical features and the percentage of apoptosis in Hela cells were determined by flow cytometry(FCM) and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis. Results It was found that Hela cells had obvious morphological changes, such as cell pykermis, nuclear membrane twist, nuclear chromomocre assembled to lump and closed to membrane under laser focusing and electron microscopy. Apoptotic bodies could be found under light microscopy and fluorescent microscopy. Typical DNA ladder appeared in 4HPR-treated cells in DNA agarose gel electrophoresis. Detected by flow cytometry, the sub-diploid nuclear peak appeared to the left of the G1 peak, and the diploid cell peak was reduced. The apoptotic percentage of Hela cells was positively correlated with the concentration and time of the 4HPR action(P<0.01). Conclusion  4HPR could induce cervical cancer cell apoptosis in concentration-and time-dependent manners.

    Expression pattern and relationship of TIPE2 and inflammatoryfactors in atherosclerosis of ApoEknockout mice
    WANG Yong-Xiang, MA Tian , GAO Qi, SHU Fa-Liang, ZHANG Li-Ning
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1124. 
    Abstract ( 1003 )   PDF (1042KB) ( 340 )   Save
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    Objective  To investigate the expression pattern of a new immune negative regulator,TIPE2(tumor necrosis factor-α induced protein 8 like 2)and the inflammatory factors of atherosclerosis plaque of ApoE-knockout mice (ApoE-/- mice) and to analyze the relationship between them. Methods ApoE-/- mice were used to establish atherosclerosis models and wild type C57 rats served as the controls. The formation of atherosclerosis plaque was observed under microscopy after HE and oil red O staining and then the expression of TIPE2 and inflammatory factors were determined by reverse-transcript polymerase chain reaction. After quantization, their linear correlation was analyzed. ResultsWhen the 8 week-old ApoE-/- mice were fed with high-fat until 16 or 24 weeks old, atherosclerosis plaque was found in the arteries, while this did not occur in the control group. Expression of TIPE2 at the aorta of ApoE-/- mice was significantly higher at no plaque stage (8 weeks), early stage (16 weeks) and middle-advanced stage (24 weeks) than that of the control group. Expression of IL-6 was not significantly different from that of the control group in all processes of atherosclerosis. When there was no plaque at the aorta,  expression of IL-12p40, TGF-β and TNF-α were significantly higher(P<0.05). During the early stage the expression of IL-12p40 decreased and there was no differencebetween the ApoE-/- and the C57 mice, while the expressions of TGF-β and TNF-α were significantly increased (P<0.05). With the development of plaque, expression of only TGF-β was increased (P<0.05) at the middle-advanced stage. Further analysis showed that expression of TIPE2 was positively correlated with that of TNF-α but was not relevant to expression of IL-6, IL-12p40 and TGF-β. Conclusion TIPE2 expression at the aorta of the ApoE-/- mice is significantly higher than that of the control group and is positively correlated with that of TNF-α, indicating the role of TIPE2 in the origin of atherosclerosis.

    Microanatomy of the caudal blood vessel of rats and its clinical significance
    BI Ben-Jun, HAO Li-Wen, YIN Guo-Rui, WANG Zeng-Chao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1128-1131. 
    Abstract ( 2372 )   PDF (443KB) ( 805 )   Save
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    Objective To identify the anatomic characters of the caudal artery in rats so as to provide anatomical evidences for animal experiments. Methods  Ten rats were subjected to anatomy following caoutchouc perfusion into the artery by inserting tubes through the heart, 10 were subjected to dissection following artery and vein perfusion, and 10 were subjected to dissection immediately following anesthesia. Diameter of the caudal artery was measured. ResultsIn the ventral median of rat′s caudae there was a  coccygeal median artery erupting several branches. The coccygeal median vein accompanied it in deep layer. Transverse diameters of the coccygeal median artery and vein were 1.02±0.06?mm, 1.60±0.09?mm at the fifth coccygeal vertebrae, 0.50±0.01mm, 0.89±0.03mm at the thirteenth coccygeal vertebrae, and 0.45±0.02mm, 0.71±0.04mm at the twenty-third coccygeal vertebrae. Conclusion The diameter of the coccygeal media artery in rat′s caudae matches the requirement of anastomosis in microsurgery.

    Effect of chymase inhibitor on bleomycininduced pulmonary fibrosis and its mechanism in rats
    ZHENG Jin-Xu, GU Yan-Lan, WAN Bing
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1132-1135. 
    Abstract ( 1001 )   PDF (585KB) ( 345 )   Save
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    Objective To explore the effect of chymase inhibitor on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and chymase mRNA and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) mRNA expressions in rats. MethodsSixty female rats were randomly divided into three groups: the model group, the control group and chymase inhibitor(Chy-I) treatment group in which the rats were intratracheally instilled with 5?mg/kg bleomycin. From the first day after bleomycin challenge, every day, in the chymase inhibitor treatment group 10mg/kg chymase inhibitor was perfused into the stomach, and the other groups were given sterile saline. Five rats were killed in each group on the 7th, the 14th, the 21st day and the 28th day. The pathological changes of lung tissues and the total and different white blood cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. mRNA expressions of chymase and TGF-β1 in pulmonary tissues were determined by reversal transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results  ① Alveolitis in the model and the Chy-I groups were significantly lower than in the control group, but there was no significant different between the model and the Chy-I groups.② Pulmonary fibrosis was evidently inhibited afterchymase inhibitor treatment. ③ Total white blood cells and percentage of macrophages, lymphocyte and neutrophils in BALF were significantly increased in the model group and the Chy-I group as compared with the control group. On the 7th and 14th days, neutrophils was significant increased in the Chy-I group as compared with the model group. ④ mRNA expression levels of chymase and TGF-β1 were evidently inhibited after chymase inhibitor treatment, and they were higher in the lung fibrosis of the model group than in the control group, also they were significantly lower in the Chy-I group than in the model group. ConclusionChymase inhibitor can alleviate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats by inhibiting mRNA expressions of chymase and TGF-β1 in lung tissues.

    Effects of Lectin-like Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 (LOX-1) on MMP-9 expression in cultured THP-1 monocyte-derived
    macrophages and the protective effect of Simvastatin
    WANG Meng, LV Yi-Jie
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1136-1140. 
    Abstract ( 1319 )   Save
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    Objective to investigate the effects of lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1(LOX-1) on expression of MMP-9  mRNA  in cultured THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages and the protective effect of simvastatin on it.  MethodsCultured THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages were incubated with oxLDL(10mg/L, 20mg/L, 50mg/L and 100?mg/L),  pre-incubated with polyinosinic acid and then incubated with 50mg/L ox-LDL, and co-cultured with 100μmol/L simvastatin or 50mg/Lox-LDL. Expressions of LOX-1 and MMP-9mRNA were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RTPCR). ResultsExpressions of LOX1 and MMP9 mRNA were increased by oxLDL and this was in a concentration-dependent fashion in 1050mg/L(P<0.05), but were decreased by 100mg/L ox-LDL. The expressions of LOX-1 and MMP-9 were down-regulated in the THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages by 100μmol/L simvastatin combined with 50mg/L ox-LDL(P<0.05).  Conclusionox-LDL up-regulates LOX-1 and MMP-9mRNA expressions and LOX-1 may be responsible for expression of MMP-9 in the THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages, also it can decrease the ox-LDL mediated MMP-9 expression. Simvastatin is able to down-regulate LOX-1 expression in THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages, corresponding with a decrease of MMP-9 mRNA expression. This in vitro inhibition of LOX-1 might be one new beneficial cardiovascular pieiotroic effect of statins for stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques.

    In vitro human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells differentiated into hepatocytelike cells
    GAO Lei, LIU Ji-Yong, PEI Qiang-Shan, SUN Xin-Xin
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1141-1144. 
    Abstract ( 1074 )   PDF (640KB) ( 311 )   Save
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    Objective To obtain mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) from human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) in vitro and to study the condition in which MCSs differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells. Methods HUCB was collected after the baby was delivered, and mononuclear cells (MNCs) were separated by gradient centrifugation, and then using adherent culture, MSCs were obtained. CD29, CD44, CD34, CD45 expression levels were determined by flow cytometry.  Also the albumin (ALB), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), cytokeration (CK19) mRNA expression levels were determined by RT-PCR. ResultsThe results of flow cytometry showed that CD29 (+) and CD44 (+) expressions were positive, however CD34 (-) and CD45 (-) expressions were negative. The adherent cells were proved to be MSCs. The group using several cytokines step by step showed the changes of cell morphology and expressions of AFPmRNA(+), ALBmRNA(+), and CK19mRNA(+) at week 8. But, the cell density was significantly decreased. Conclusion MSCs in HUCB are high-concentration-and highFCS(fetal culf serum) dependents.  MSCs could be differentiated into hepatocytes by an in vitro culture with several different cytokines step by step.

    Renoprotective mechanisms of Grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts on diabetic rats
    JIANG Bei, GAO Hai-Jing, LI Bao-Ying, LI Xian-Hua, CHENG Mei, ZHAI Qian
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1145. 
    Abstract ( 1154 )   PDF (807KB) ( 352 )   Save
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    Objective To investigate the potential mechanisms of Grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts (GSPE) on inhibiting diabetic nephropathy. Methods Male Wistar rats were injected with 1% streptozotocin (STZ) through the tail vein to induce the diabetic rats. Then they were randomly divided into two groups: the diabetic group (the DM group) and the GSPE treatment group (the GSPE group, GSPE 250mg/kg·d-1). Normal Wistar rats were enrolled as the control group (the C group). After 24 weeks,  fasting plasma glucose (FPG), urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were determined, and the pathologic changes of renal tissues were observed. 2-D difference gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were used to identify different expressions of renal proteins among the C, DM and GSPE groups. Results The levels of AGEs, BUN and SCr of the GSPE group were lower than those of the DM group (P<0.05). The pathologic changes were ameliorated in the GSPE group. Twentyfive differentially expressed proteins were found in the renal tissues of the DM group. The protein with SSP No.1252 was identified as Glutathione Stransferase mu (GSTM) which was up-regulated in the kidneys of diabetic rats and back-regulated to normal levels after  GSPE therapy. Conclusion GSPE may protect the kidney by decreasing the expression of GSTM.

    Expression of hepatocyte growth factor mRNA in distraction osteogenesis
    MA Feng, LIU Shao-Hua, WANG Ke-tao, WANG MIng-Guo, Shan Bao-Zhong, WEI Feng-Cai
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1149-1152. 
    Abstract ( 1084 )   PDF (412KB) ( 246 )   Save
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    Objective To explore the expression of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) mRNA  in the course of distraction osteogenesis(DO). MethodsForty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two groups: the distraction group and the control group. In the distraction group, the stretch rate was set as 0.5mm/12h after a 7-day interval and was fixed for 7days. The control group was free of distraction and four animals of each group were sacrificed at the end of week 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 after  operations. Expression of HGFmRNA was determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE staining) and in situ hybridization(ISH stain). Results HGFmRNA was mainly expressed in inflammatory cells at the end of the intermittent stage. Positive staining was seen at the end of the distraction stage in vascular endothelial cells and mesenchymal cells. The peak intensity of expression was found at the end of week 3 in the distraction group (P<0.05) and there was little expression at week 7. No remarkable differences were found between the two groups at the end of the fixation(P>0.05). Conclusions The present study shows that endogenous HGF may play an important role on cell proliferation, differentiation and vessel formation. Positive expression of HGFmRNA appears in the course of DO and that could be induced by distraction force.

    A recombinant lentiviral vector carrying siRNA targeting the endothelial vascular growth factor a gene in mice
    ZHOU Wei, FENG Jinbo, WANG Xuping, JIANG Hong, LIU Chunxi, WANG Rong, DING Shifang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1153-1157. 
    Abstract ( 1394 )   PDF (656KB) ( 552 )   Save
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    To construct a recombinant lentiviral expression vector carrying small interference RNA (siRNA) with the mouse endothelial vascular growth factor a (VEGFa) gene serving as the target. Methods  ① Three target sequences of mouse VEGFa gene and an irrelevant sequence were designed. Four couples of complementary oligonucleotides with hairpin loop of siRNA were synthesized. After annealing, the DNA fragments were ligated into the plasmid pRNATU6.2/Lenti. ② VEGFa cDNA was cloned from NIH/3T3 strain and subcloned into the plasmid pKCDNA-EF1-Puro. ③ The pCDNA-VEGF plasmid and siRNA lentiviral plasmids were co-transfected into the NIH/3T3 cells and assigned into six groups, the effects of RNAi on VEGFa expression were determined 48h later; ④ The lentiviruses were produced by 293T cells following cotransfection of the pRNAT-siRNA3 plasmid or the pRNAT-negative plasmid with three package plasmid compounds. After 48h, the supernatant was collected and the recombinant lentiviruses titers were determined. Results ① Three lentiviral plasmids of siRNA specific to the VEGFa gene and one negative plasmid were constructed. ② The plasmid pCDNA-VEGF was constructed. ③ In the pRNAT-siRNA3 plasmid cotransfection group, expression of VEGFa mRNA and protein was decreased by approximately 80.0% and 66.3%, respectively.④ The lentivirus titer reached 1×108ifu/ml. Conclusion  The recombinant lentiviruses,which express siRNA hairpin aiming at mouse VEGFa gene, have been constructed.

    Longterm use of Valproic acid inhibits the PC3 cell line growth in nude mice in vivo
    GAO De-Han, JIA Qing-Hua, LV Jia-Ju, ZHANG Hui
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1158-1161. 
    Abstract ( 1124 )   PDF (890KB) ( 312 )   Save
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    Objective Valproic acid (VPA) is an established drug in the long-term therapy of seizure disorders. Recently, VPA has been associated with anticancer activity, an effect thought to be produced by inhibition of cellular histone deacetylase 1.  Methods  The PC3 cell line tumor xenografts was established. Animals in the experimental group were given 0.4% VPA in their drinking water until tumors reached 5 mm in the longest dimension. At the end of day 28, tumors were harvested, whole blood was collected and serum was analyzed for VPA, liver function tests (transaminases) and complete blood count. The DNA strand breaks were identified by the terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferasemediated UTP end labeling technique using the in situ Cell Death Detection Kit. Effects of VPA on histone acetylation and p21WAF/CIP gene expression were investigated by Western blot. Ki67 and p21WAF/CIP were detected by Immunohistochemistry in tissues of PC3 cell line tumor xenografts. ResultsChronic VPA treatment resulted in statistically significant reduction of tumor xenograft growth in vivo. Tumor volumes were measured and compared using the Wilcoxon ranksum test and 2way ANOVA with posthoc testing. Animals treated with VPA showed a statistically significant decrease in tumor volume compared with controls with 77.27% growth inhibition. Treatment of xenografts with VPA induced a significant increase in levels of acetylated histone H3 and p21WAF/CIP compared with the controls (P<0.01). In the VPA treated tumors, apoptotic cell death was markedly increased compared with the control tumors (P<0.01). Ki67 expression in the control group was stronger than in the experimental group (P<0.01). Conclusion  We conclude that chronic administration of VPA results in a significant reduction in PC3 cell line tumor xenograft volume in vivo. These data provide compelling evidence that additional studies are warranted in evaluating the potential use of chronic VPA as a means of altering androgen independent prostate cancer cell growth and progression.

    Sodium phenylbutyrate (SPB) induces differentiation of the  C6 glioma cells in vitro: an experimental study
    LI Ke, WANG Zhiyun, WANG Bo, ZHANG Yuan, ZHAN Rucai, WANG Chengwei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1162-1165. 
    Abstract ( 1134 )   PDF (593KB) ( 502 )   Save
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     Objective To investigate the effects of sodium phenylbutyrate (SPB) on proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction of the brain glioma cells. Methods The C6 glioma cells were first induced by 1, 2, 4mmol/L SPB, then the morphological changes of the C6 cells were observed by a light microscope; the ultra-structure of the cells were observed by an electron microscope; cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay; cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry; cell colony formation rate was measured by the soft agar clone forming test; and  expression of GFAP was determined by immunohistochemistry staining. Results  The morphology and ultrastructure of the C6 cells were differentiated towards normal cells; cell proliferation was inhibited by MTT assay;  cells that stayed at the G0/G1 phage were increased (P<0.01), while those that stayed at the S phage were decreased (P<0.01), and cell apoptosis peaked in the 4mmol/L SPB group as shown by flow cytometry;  cell cloning efficiency was degraded (P<0.01) by the soft agar clone forming test; and expression of GFAP was increased. Conclusions  SPB can apparently inhibit the proliferation of C6 cells and can induce cell differentiation and even apoptosis of C6 cells.

    Risk factors for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites
    LIU Yuejin, WANG Guiling, WANG Wei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1166-1168. 
    Abstract ( 1040 )   PDF (240KB) ( 317 )   Save
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    Objective  To investigate the risk factors for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Methods 193 cirrhotic patients with ascites, who were divided into two groups, the one with SBP and the other without SBP, were included in this study. The following factors such as serum albumin, serum bilirubin, platelet count, international normalized ratio, duration of ascites  complicated with or without hepatocellular carcinoma, diabetes mellitus, hepatic encephalopathy, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage ,alcohol consumption, sex, age and cause of cirrhosis were analyzed. Results Prevalence of SBP was 30.4% (45/193).  Univariate analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups with regard to serum albumin, ascites complicated with or without hepatocellular carcinoma and alcohol consumption. On the logistic regression analysis, serum albumin level and alcohol consumption were selected as significant independent factors contributing to the development of SBP(P<0.05). Conclusion Low serum albumin and alcohol consumption are independently high risk factors for SBP.

    Intervention of Xuebijing injection in acute organophosphate poisoning complicated with cardiovascular injury
    WANG Ying, XU Rongting, ZOU Yanguo, LI Jinxiu
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1169-1172. 
    Abstract ( 1119 )   PDF (281KB) ( 265 )   Save
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    Objective To observe the effects of Xuebijing injection on nuclear factor-kappa B activation of PMN and the prognosis of cardiovascular injury.  Methods 70 cases of acute organophosphate poisoning complicated with cardiovascular injury were divided into the positive control group (35 cases)and the test group(35 cases) at random. The enzyme labeled immunohistochemical method was used to determine the NF-κB activation degree. Changes of myocardial enzyme were also observed. Results  ① Death rate of the test group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). ② The NF-κB activation degree of the control group was higher than that of the test group(P<0.05). ③ Xuebijing injection suppressed the activation of NF-κB on dosage(P<0.05). ④ The degree of myocardial enzyme recovery of the test group was superior to that of the control group and was dose-dependent on Xuebijing injection(P<0.05). Conclusion Xuebijing injection in combination with routine therapies has obvious efficiency on increasing the success rate of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning patients complicated with cardiovascular injury.

    Sideeffect of highdose conventional fractionation in 3DCRT on the heart for nonsmallcell lung cancer
    FU Lei, HU Likuan, MIN Rui, ZHU Xinli, SONG Yipeng, ZHANG Shuai, XU Man
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1173. 
    Abstract ( 1054 )   PDF (321KB) ( 304 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo compare sideeffect of highdose conventional fractionation (HF) and conventional fractionation (CF) in threedimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) on the heart for nonsmallcell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to explore an effective prediction on radiationinduced myocardial hearts. MethodsFrom April 2004 to January 2007, a total of 60 patients with stage ⅠⅢ NSCLC were randomized into the HF group and the CF group, with 30 patients in HF group treated by 4?Gy/f, 72?Gy/18?f/24?d and 30 patients in the CF group by 2?Gy/f, 72?Gy/36?f/50?d. Troponin I (cTnI) in blood was determined before radiotherapy, at a dose of 40?Gy, at the end of radiotherapy and one month after radiotherapy. A 24hour ambulatory electrocardiography (24?hAECG) was performed at the end of radiotherapy. The radiationinduced pericardium injury was evaluated by CT. One year later, patients were subjected to myocardial single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) and the color Doppler echocardiography(CDE) test. ResultsAll 60 patients completed radiation treatments. During a follow up of 12 months, the serum cTnI level in the HF group was significantly higher than in the CF group at a dosage of 40Gy and at the end of radiotherapy. Differences in results of 24?hAECG, SPECT and CDE and incidence of radiation pericardium injury between the two groups were not statistically significant. The serum cTnI level at a dosage of 40?Gy, V30, and isoeffective dose for 1/3 isoeffective volume(D1/3) were independent risk factors for radiationinduced myocardial fibrosis. ConclusionDuring the oneyear observation, HF had no increased incidence of radiationinduced heart complications, but its longterm effect is unknown. DVH combined with cTnI serum concentration could improve the sensitivity and specificity for identification of radiationinduced myocardial fibrosis.

    Significance of serum vascular endothelial growth factor in non-small cell lung cancer
    ZHANG Shuai, HU Likuan, XU Man, FU Lei, ZHU Xinli
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1177-1180. 
    Abstract ( 921 )   PDF (274KB) ( 234 )   Save
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    Objective To explore the role and significance of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).  MethodsSerum VEGF was determined by sandwich enzyme linked immuno-adsorbent assay ( ELISA) in 69 patients with NSCLC and 20 healthy individuals.  Results Serum VEGF level in NSCLC (156.3±17.2)pg/ml was significantly elevated as compared with that in the controls (46.6±19.3)pg/ml(P=0.0000). No correlation was found between serum VEGF and gender, age, tumor size or the first-again treatment (P>0.05). VEGF in squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adenocarcinoma (P=0.029?7), and serum VEGF was significantly higher in patients with distant metastasis than those without (P=0.0000). Serum VEGF level was closely related to the number of peripheral blood leukocytes, neutrophils and platelets(R=0.524, 0.634 and 0.728). The level of VEGF was significantly elevated before radiotherapy, right after and after radiotherapy in the SD+PD group compared with the CR+PR group.  Conclusion Serum VEGF level is associated with tumor burden, tumor relapse and metastasis, and therapeutic effectiveness in patients with NSCLC.

    Influences of the psychological intervention on bronchial asthma
    LI Ting, DAN Shou-Sen, SONG Jing, YANG Wen-Lan, SHU Xi-Min, JIANG Gong, BO Fang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1181. 
    Abstract ( 937 )   PDF (272KB) ( 113 )   Save
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    Objective To explore the influence of psychological intervention on emotion, coping style and physiological reaction of bronchial asthma patients. Methods A total of 60 patients were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups. Patients in the experimental group were given psychological intervention based on routine therapy, while those in the control group were only given routine therapy. Emotion and coping style rating scales were given to both the groups on the second and twenty-eighth day after they registered to observe the changes of their psychological reaction; electric skin resistance was recorded by skin resistance meter to observe the response of the sympathetic nervous system; radiative immunifaction was used to examine the content of cortisol in the patients′ saliva. Another 30 normal people were chosen for the antitheses group and were also given the above measured indexes. Results There were significant differences in terms of psychological and physiological indexes between patients and normal people before intervention (P<0.05). There were no differences in terms of psychological and physiological indexes between the two patient groups before intervention (P>0.05). There were significant differences in terms of psychological and physiological indexes between the experimental group before and after intervention, and also between the two patient groups after intervention (P<0.05). There were no differences in terms of psychological and physiological indexes between the control group before and after intervention(P>0.05). Conclusion Psychological intervention in combination with routine therapy can effectively decrease the stress reaction of bronchial asthma patients.

    Elasticity of the carotid artery in hypertensive patients determined by the echo-tracking technique following drug intervention
    YAN Ye, LI Li, KANG Yongjun, HOU Yinglong, BAI Wenkun, LI Jie, ZHANG Wei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1184-1187. 
    Abstract ( 1068 )   PDF (523KB) ( 251 )   Save
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    Objectiv  To explore the effect of the echo tracking (ET) technique in determining the carotid elasticity in hypertensive (HBP) patients with different courses following drug therapy. Methods  With the ET technique, the carotid β, Ep, AC, AI and PVWβ of HBP patients were calculated pre- and post-treatment. A total of 124 HBP cases were divided into two groups: the short-course group (≤1 year, 57 cases) and the longcourse group(>1 year, 67 cases). Another 44 healthy adults served as the controls. The parameters were compared between the control group and the HBP group, between the short-course group and the longcourse group as well as between the pre-treatment group and the post-treatment group. Results Compared with the control group, the β, Ep, AC, AI and PVWβ were different in HBP patients before and after drug treatments. After drug intervention, the levels of β, Ep, PVWβ were decreased and AC was significantly increased in the HBP group (P<0.05), and these changes were significant in the shortcourse group. There was no difference of AI in HBP patients before and after drug intervention (P>0.05). Conclusions  Drug intervention improves the carotid elasticity of HBP patients, and the earlier, the better, which can be shown by the ET technique.

    Artificial cervical disc replacement in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy
    LIANG Yanchen, NIE Lin, HOU Yong, CHENG Lei, YANG Yancai, QU Gaowei, GENG Wei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1188-1191. 
    Abstract ( 1197 )   PDF (431KB) ( 277 )   Save
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    Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of artificial cervical disc replacement in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Methods 20 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy underwent Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty from March 2005 to July 2006. The clinical JOA and ODI scores and radiographic results were pre-operatively and post-operatively performed. The range of movement (ROM) of the post-operative replaced level was retrospectively reviewed. Result Neurological deficit was alleviated in all patients. Followed up at least 24 months, JOA and ODI scores were improved, and the replaced segment restored the normal ROM. Also no obvious degeneration or heterotopic ossification of the adjacent disc happened during the follow-up. Conclusion Artificial cervical disc replacement can obviously improve the symptoms of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and achieve good clinical results. Also, the replaced level retains a definite ROM.

    Clofibrate induced hepatotoxicity by mitochondrial damage
    LI Di, SUN Lihong, SUN Jie, YAN Li, QU Bin
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1192-1196. 
    Abstract ( 1059 )   PDF (1261KB) ( 289 )   Save
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    Objective To explore the effect of clofibrate on freshly isolated mouse liver mitochondria and a cultured hepatocyte cell line, AML-12. Methods  Mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by using the fluorescent dye, JC-1. Levels of reactive oxygen species were measured with the fluorescent probes DCFDA. CsA and antioxidants such as Vitamin C, deferoxamine and catalase were used to protect cells. Results Application of clofibrate at concentrations greater than 0.3mmol/L rapidly collapsed the ΔΨm both in liver cells and in isolated mitochondria. The loss of ΔΨm occurred prior to cell death, as revealed by the protective effect of cyclosporin A (CsA) on the decrease in ΔΨm. Treatment  of hepatocytes with clofibrate caused a significant increase in intracellular and mitochondrial ROS. Antioxidants such as Vitamin C, deferoxamine, and catalase were able to protect cells against lofibrate-induced loss of viability. Conclusion  Clofibrate may impair mitochondrial function, stimulates formation of ROS, and eventually contributes to cell death.

    Factors associated with patient delay for farmers of TB suspects in districts with Township Sputum Collecting Centers in Shandong Province
    ZHANG Hongmei, LI Renzhong, LIU Yanxun, LIU Zhimin
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1197. 
    Abstract ( 960 )   PDF (251KB) ( 288 )   Save
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    Objective  To explore the patient delay of TB suspecting farmers in districts with sputum collecting centers and its related factors in Shandong Province. Methods  According to terrain and performance of Sputum Collecting Centers, multistage stratified sampling was carried out. Eight counties were chosen for study fields. Results  245 TB suspects were interviewed, and 83.3% of them were farmers. The median of the farmer patient delay was 5 days. 28.4% of farmer patients delayed  over 14 days. There was no difference in patient delay for farmer patients checking sputum in township health centre and those in TB control centers. Logistic Regression showed that distance from home to a township health centers, personal earning, family members cured in hospital and lack of TB knowledge were significantly associated with delay in seeking care. Conclusion   We conclude that those living far from health facilities, earning little, with family members cured in hospital and lacking TB knowledge face long delays in reaching TB services.

    Path analysis of adiponectin and its relative factors in Insulin resistance
    PAN Huawei, LI Yingmin, FENG Yueqiu, CHANG Caiyun, ZHANG Yuan, WANG Shumei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2008, 46(12):  1200-1203. 
    Abstract ( 1115 )   PDF (469KB) ( 163 )   Save
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    Objective To explore the effect and style of adiponectin and other relative factors in insulin resistance (IR). Method  A total of 86 cases of IR and 87 non-IR subjects were enrolled in this study. Serum adiponectin and its relative factors including insulin, blood fasting glucose, body height, body weight, smoking, drinking and family history were investigated. Path analysis explored the effect of these factors in insulin resistance. Results  Path analysis showed that body mass index (BMI), smoking index and adiponectin had direct effects on IR, however a family history of diabetes mellitus, gender, age and culture had indirect effects on IR by affecting BMI, adiponectin and smoking.  The results of path analysis indicated that the residual variation was on the high side, and the ability of explanation was only 14.07%. Conclusions  Adiponectin and other relative factors are not the most important ones on IR in the subjects.