山东大学学报 (医学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (11): 116-122.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2018.549
• • 上一篇
刘肖1,2,左书梅1,张莹1,陈凤格1,阎香娟1,杨立学1
LIU Xiao1,2, ZUO Shumei1, ZHANG Ying1, CHEN Fengge1, YAN Xiangjuan1, YANG Lixue1
摘要: 目的 了解2014年华北某市空气中大气细颗粒物PM2.5及其重金属的污染特征。 方法 以该市主城区大气细颗粒物PM2.5为研究对象,对PM2.5质量浓度及其重金属(As、Cd、Co、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb、Ti )元素含量进行测定分析,采用富集因子法、地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数对所研究区域在采暖期和非采暖期PM2.5中重金属的来源、污染程度和生态风险进行评价。 结果 2014年该市主城区PM2.5质量浓度在采暖期和非采暖期有较大差别,平均浓度分别为184 μg/m3和96 μg/m3。从重金属来源方面分析,Cd、Hg的富集因子都>40,属于极强富集,Pb为极强富集或强富集,人为污染较重;As显著富集,受自然和人为双重影响;采暖期Ti显著富集,非采暖期Ti为强富集,受人为影响都比较大。Co、Cr、Ni均为轻微富集,主要来源于自然,受人为影响小。从污染程度来看,采暖期PM2.5中重金属污染程度依次为Cd>Hg>Pb>Ti>As>Cr>Ni=Co;非采暖期Cd>Hg>Pb>Ti>As>Pb>Ni=Cr>Co,采暖期和非采暖期Cd污染程度均最严重。采暖期Hg、Pb、As和Ti污染程度明显高于非采暖期。在PM2.5中重金属Cd的潜在生态危害程度属于极强,Hg属于强生态危害,As、Co、Cr、Ni、Pb、Ti属于轻微生态危害。PM2.5中多种重金属的综合潜在生态风险指数大于600,总体来说有着极强生态危害。 结论 2014年该市采暖期采样日和重污染天气中部分重金属的富集程度、污染程度以及生态危害程度较非采暖期严重,对在采暖期该环境下的人群健康具有一定的影响。
中图分类号:
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