Abstract: Objective To investigate the application value of 16S rDNA gene sequencing in detecting pathogens in patients with non-puerperal mastitis. Methods A total of 33 samples of non-puerperal mastitis were collected. Traditional bacteria microscopy examination, microbial culture and identification were conducted. Meanwhile, the DNA was extracted for PCR amplification and 16S rDNA gene sequencing analysis. Results Bacterial staining group: 17 samples were collected for Gram staining, 41.18%(7/17)of which were Gram positive, and 35.29%(6/17)were Gram negative. Microbial culture group: 5 pus samples were incubated, 1 of which was positive with 2 types of bacteria. 16S rDNA sequencing group: all 33 cases were positive, 39.39%(13/33)of which were mixed bacterial infections, 27.27%(9/33)were Pseudomous, 6.06%(2/33)were kroppenstedtii. corynebacterium, 6.06%(2/33)were faecium. Enterococci, 3.03%(1/33)were Bacillus firmus, 3.03%(1/33)were Sporosarcina, 3.03%(1/33)were Staphylococcus aureus, and 12.12%(4/33)were uncultured bacterium clone. Conclusion The application of 16S rDNA sequencing technique to detect pathogens in non-puerperal mastitis is safe, simple, highly sensitive and strongly distinctive. It may provide guidance for the rational use of antibiotics.

Key words: 16S rDNA, Non-puerperal mastitis, Bacteria, Detection, Pathogenesis