中国中老年高血糖、血脂异常、高血压人群健康体检服务利用现状及影响因素

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2025.0116

Abstract

Abstract: Objective By exploring the current situation of the utilisation of health check-up services and its influencing factors among middle-aged and elderly populations with hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension in China, to provide evidence to optimise the strategy of “co-management of hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension”, and reform the health service system. Methods According to the fifth round of national survey data conducted by China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2020, a total of 8,227 middle-aged and elderly individuals with hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension were selected as the study populations. The analysis of the utilisation of health check-up services among these populations was conducted utilising the chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression based on the Anderson model framework. Results Among middle-aged and elderly individuals with hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension, utilisation rate of health check-up was 54.13%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: age(≥65 years old: OR=2.024, 95%CI=1.831-2.236, P<0.001), education level(senior high school and above: OR=1.303, 95%CI=1.123-1.511, P<0.001), personal income(have: OR=1.440, 95%CI=1.285-1.614, P<0.001), type of endowment insurance(enterprise employee endowment insurance: OR=0.655, 95%CI=0.516-0.833, P<0.001; urban resident/urban and rural resident endowment insurance: OR=0.633, 95%CI=0.493-0.813, P<0.001; new rural social endowment insurance: OR=0.602, 95%CI=0.466-0.778, P<0.001; other endowment insurance: OR=0.549, 95%CI=0.390-0.772, P<0.001; no endowment insurance: OR=0.473, 95%CI=0.361-0.619, P<0.001), type of medical insurance(new rural cooperative medical insurance/ other medical insurance/ no medical insurance: OR=0.834, 95%CI=0.726-0.959, P=0.011), depression status(yes:OR=0.885, 95%CI=0.804-0.975, P=0.014), number of chronic diseases(2 types: OR=1.158, 95%CI=1.004-1.337, P=0.045; 3 types: OR=1.273,95%CI=1.099-1.475, P=0.001; ≥4 types: OR=1.282, 95%CI=1.117-1.472, P<0.001), social contacts(yes:OR=1.396, 95%CI=1.274-1.530, P<0.001), utilization of inpatient services(yes/demand: OR=1.207, 95%CI:1.080-1.348, P<0.001), alcohol consumption(OR=1.127, 95%CI=1.019-1.246, P=0.020), and smoking behavior(OR=0.761, 95%CI=0.681-0.849, P<0.001)were the primary factors influencing the utilisation of health check-up services. Conclusion The utilization rate of health check-up services among middle-aged and elderly individuals with hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension in China requires improvement. It is recommended to implement flexible health check-up subsidies for individuals aged 45-64 years, promote reimbursement of health check-up fees through health insurance, and alleviate the financial burden on impoverished populations. Furthermore, the integration of medical care and prevention should be strengthened, with innovative technologies employed to simplify health check-up processes. The enhancement of policies pertaining to the prevention and control of chronic diseases, in conjunction with health education, is of paramount importance in enhancing residents health literacy and adherence to health management. The development of targeted intervention programmes is imperative for individuals with low income, low educational attainment, and depression status, with the objective of promoting the prevention and management of chronic diseases at an earlier stage and facilitating healthy ageing.

Key words: Middle-aged and elderly individuals, Hyperglycaemia, Dyslipidaemia, Hypertension, Utilisation of health check-up services, Influencing factors

CLC Number:

R195.4

WANG Ning, HAO Xiumei, NIU Xiang, HUANG Jinming, XU Jingya. Status and influencing factors of health check-up services utilisation among middle-aged and elderly populations with hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension in China[J].Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2025, 63(7): 82-91.

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