Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences) ›› 2025, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (7): 32-36.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2024.0574

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Immunoglobulin E changes and risk factors in asthma children between 2008 and 2019

ZHANG Zheng, WANG Jianwei, YANG Yujuan, ZHANG Yu, SONG Xicheng   

  1. Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shangdong, China
  • Published:2025-07-08

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Abstract: Objective To investigate immunoglobulin E(IgE)changes by a cross-sectional analysis between 2008 and 2019 and analyze risk factors for IgE elevation in asthmatic patients. Methods The medical records of 292 children in 2008 and 503 children in 2019 diagnosed with asthma were retrospectively analyzed, and clinical characteristics and IgE levels were compared between the two years. Independent risk factors for total serum IgE elevation were identified by performing multiple linear regression analyses. Results Compared with asthmatic children in 2008, asthmatic children had a significantly higher proportion of allergic sensitization to fungal spores(29.79% vs. 43.74%, χ2=17.45, P<0.001), and a significantly lower proportion of allergic sensitization to tree pollens(33.22% vs. 17.89%, χ2=23.60, P<0.001), house dust mites(HDMs)(53.08% vs. 39.36%, χ2=13.02, P<0.001), and dermatophagoides farina(DF)(54.11% vs. 42.35%, χ2=10.17, P=0.001)in 2019. Meanwhile, the level of total serum IgE was significantly lower in 2019 than that in 2008(184 IU/mL vs. 108 IU/mL, Z=-9.32, P<0.001). The independent risk factors for IgE elevation in 2008 included a history of allergic diseases and allergic sensitization to fungal spores, tree pollens, and DF, and in 2019 included age and allergic sensitization to fungal spores, tree pollens, and HDM. Meanwhile, the standardized regression coefficient of allergic sensitization to dust mites was highest whether in 2008 or 2019 among those of independent risk factors. Conclusion The level of IgE significantly decreased in asthmatic patients over 11 years, which was associated with a decline in the proportion of patients sensitized to dust mites.

Key words: Childhood asthma, Immunoglobulin E, Allergen, Risk factors, Cross-sectional study

CLC Number: 

  • R562.2
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