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山东大学学报 (医学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (9): 57-64.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2024.0780

• “大数据赋能AI大模型驱动的多模态队列设计与分析”重点专题 • 上一篇    

基于多水平模型的山东省老年人健康相关生命质量及其影响因素

付雨1,2,姜伟3,朱高培1,2,薛付忠1,2,4   

  1. 1.山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院医学数据学系, 山东 济南 250012;2.国家健康医疗大数据研究院, 山东 济南 250003;3.山东健康医疗大数据管理中心, 山东??倓济南 250002;4.山东大学齐鲁医院, 山东 济南 250012
  • 发布日期:2025-09-08
  • 通讯作者: 薛付忠. E-mail:xuefzh@sdu.edu.cn朱高培. E-mail:zhugaopei717@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划项目(2021SFGC0504);国家自然科学基金面上项目(82173625);国家自然科学基金重点项目(82330108)

Health-related quality of life and its influencing factors of the elderly in Shandong Province based on multilevel models

FU Yu1,2, JIANG Wei3, ZHU Gaopei1,2, XUE Fuzhong1,2,4   

  1. 1. Department of Medical Dataology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China;
    2. National Institute of Health and Medical Big Data, Jinan 250003, Shandong, China;
    3. National Administration of Health Data, Jinan 250002, Shandong, China;
    4. Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
  • Published:2025-09-08

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摘要： 目的 了解山东省老年人健康相关生命质量情况,并在控制区域异质性的基础上分析其影响因素。 方法 采用多中心整群随机抽样的方式在山东省10个示范县区选取65岁以上老年人5 447名作为研究对象。通过面对面问卷调查收集信息。采用欧洲五维健康(EQ-5D-5L)量表调查研究对象的健康相关生命质量。采用Mann-Whitney U检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较健康相关生命质量。因为本研究数据为嵌套结构,故采用多水平Logistic回归模型分析健康相关生命质量的影响因素,并与单水平Logistic回归模型做比较。 结果 山东省65岁以上老年人的健康效用值M(P25,P75)为0.942(0.861,1.000),EQ-VAS M(P25,P75)为80(80,90)。在EQ-5D-5L量表的5个维度中,没有困难的人占比最多的是“自我照顾”(91.33%),而有困难的人占比最多的是“疼痛或不舒服”(45.4%)。单因素分析结果显示,县区、年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼和意外伤害会影响健康效用值,其中年龄、饮酒、体育锻炼和意外伤害也是EQ-VAS评分的影响因素(P<0.05)。多水平Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄、性别、饮酒、体育锻炼和意外伤害会影响健康效用值,其中饮酒、体育锻炼和意外伤害也是EQ-VAS评分的影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论 山东省老年人的健康相关生命质量较高;地域差异会影响健康相关生命质量;在考虑区域异质性的基础上,应注意在吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼和意外事故预防等方面进行主动干预。

关键词: 老年人, 健康相关生命质量, EQ-5D-5L, 健康效应值, 多水平Logistic回归

Abstract: Objective To examine the health-related quality of life of the elderly in Shandong Province, and to analyze its influencing factors on the basis of controlling for regional heterogeneity. Methods A total of 5,447 elderly people over 65 years old in 10 demonstration counties in Shandong Province were selected by Multicenter cluster random sampling. Face-to-face questionnaires were used to collect information. The European Five Dimensions of Health(EQ-5D-5L)scale was used to investigate the health-related quality of life of the subjects. The Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare health-related quality of life. Because of the nested structure of the data in this study, a multilevel Logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing health-related quality of life and a comparison was made with a single-level Logistic regression model. Results Health utility value ［M(P25, P75)］ of elderly people over 65 years old in Shandong Province was 0.942(0.861, 1.000), and the EQ-VAS ［M(P25, P75)］ was 80(80, 90). Among the five dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L scale, the highest proportion of people without difficulties was "self-care"(91.33%), while the highest proportion of people with difficulties was "pain or discomfort"(45.4%). The results of univariate analysis showed that county, age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical exercise and accidental injury affect the health utility values, while age, alcohol consumption, physical exercise and accidental injury were also influential factors of the EQ-VAS scores(P<0.05). The results of multilevel Logistic regression analyses showed that age, gender, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, and accidental injury affected the health utility value, while alcohol consumption, physical exercise and accidental injury were also the influencing factors of EQ-VAS score(P<0.05). Conclusion The health-related quality of life of the elderly in Shandong Province is relatively high; Geographical differences affect health-related quality of life; On the basis of considering regional heterogeneity, attention should be given to proactive interventions in the areas of smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and accident prevention.

Key words: Elderly people, Health-related quality of life, EQ-5D-5L, Health utility value, Multilevel Logistic Regression

中图分类号: 

  • R195
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