Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences) ›› 2022, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (1): 109-117.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0180

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Theoretical framework of suicide risk factors among people living with HIV/AIDS: a qualitative study based on grounded theory

BI Fengying1, YAN Dongqin1, CHEN Xi2, LUO Dan1   

  1. 1. Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China;
    2. Hunan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, Hunan, China
  • Published:2022-01-08

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Abstract: Objective To determine the risk factors of completed suicide among people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA)in Hunan Province, construct the theoretical framework explaining the relationship between the risk factors and completed suicide, and provide evidence for suicide prevention among PLWHA. Methods According to the principle of information saturation, three cities were selected conveniently in Hunan Province and a psychosocial autopsy study for 18 suicides who had committed suicide from 2013 to 2019 was conducted. During November 1, 2019 to January 17, 2020, semi-structured interviews were conducted on two informants for each suicide case. Information on characteristics of suicidal behavior and influencing factors of three levels, which were individual, interpersonal and community, was collected. Grounded theory was conducted to explore the influencing factors of completed suicide using Nvivo 11.0 software. According to the suicide cases, model explaining the relationship between the risk factors and completed suicide was conducted based on the theory of ecological model of suicide prevention. Results Influencing factors of completed suicide could be summarized into three levels: individual, interpersonal and community level. Factors on individual level mainly included physical status, psychological status and personal traits; factors on interpersonal level mainly included family-related factors, social support and life events; and factors on community level mainly included the tolerance of the surrounding environment for AIDS. Factors of the three levels could directly impact suicidal behaviors, as well as interact with each other to lead to the occurrence of suicide. Conclusion Factors on individual, interpersonal and community level have both direct and indirect effect on suicidal behavior among PLWHA. Based on the theoretical framework, interventions targeting for physical and psychological status, major life events, HIV-related stress and reduction of discrimination should be marked as the starting point of suicide prevention.

Key words: People living with HIV/AIDS, Completed suicide, Influencing factors, Psychosocial autopsy, Grounded theory

CLC Number: 

  • R395.6
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