Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences) ›› 2020, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (8): 5-9, 21.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2020.0606

• Special Topic on Brain Science and Brain Like Intelligence • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The latest advances in human brain projects

Xingang LI1,2,*(),Xin ZHANG1,2,Anjing CHEN1,2   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
    2. Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
  • Received:2020-04-15 Online:2020-08-07 Published:2020-08-07
  • Contact: Xingang LI E-mail:lixg@sdu.edu.cn

Abstract:

With the rapid development of modern technology, we have extended in-depth knowledge of the surrounding world from both macro and micro perspectives. However, we know very little about the fine structure and operation mechanism of human brain. Therefore, many countries and regions have proposed and launched human brain projects to deepen our understanding of human brain and to develop novel treatment for the nervous and psychiatric system related disorders. This paper reviews the human brain projects implemented by the European Union, the United States, Japan and China in recent years, and introduce the key research directions and breakthroughs. We will also proudly introduce the "Qilu Brain Project" carried out by our institute and briefly present our project progress. The implementation of human brain projects is conducive to promoting the progress of artificial intelligence and other related disciplines as well as economic and social development and needs more in-depth international cooperation.

Key words: Human brain project, Brain and brain-inspired science, Brain function remodeling, Brain diseases, Artificial intelligence technology

CLC Number: 

  • R-1
1 White JG , Southgate E , Thomson JN , et al. The structure of the nervous system of the nematode caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 1986, 314 (1165): 1- 340.
doi: 10.1098/rstb.1986.0056
2 Azevedo FA , Carvalho LR , Grinberg LT , et al. Equal numbers of neuronal and nonneuronal cells make the human brain an isometrically scaled-up primate brain[J]. J Comp Neurol, 2009, 513 (5): 532- 541.
doi: 10.1002/cne.21974
3 Amunts K , Ebell C , Muller J , et al. The human brain project: creating a European research infrastructure to decode the human brain[J]. Neuron, 2016, 92 (3): 574- 581.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.10.046
4 Er? C , Gewaltig MO , Keller D , et al. A cell atlas for the mouse brain[J]. Front Neuroinform, 2018, 12: 84.
doi: 10.3389/fninf.2018.00084
5 Takahashi N , Oertner TG , Hegemann P , et al. Active cortical dendrites modulate perception[J]. Science, 2016, 354 (6319): 1587- 1590.
doi: 10.1126/science.aah6066
6 Bos JJ , Vinck M , van Mourik-Donga LA , et al. Perirhinal firing patterns are sustained across large spatial segments of the task environment[J]. Nature Commun, 2017, 8: 15602.
doi: 10.1038/ncomms15602
7 Gentile F , van Atteveldt N , De Martino F , et al. Approaching the ground truth: revealing the functional organization of human multisensory STC using ultra-high field fMRI[J]. J Neurosci, 2017, 37 (42): 10104- 10113.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0146-17.2017
8 Storm JF , Boly M , Casali AG , et al. Consciousness regained: disentangling mechanisms, brain systems, and behavioral responses[J]. J Neurosci, 2017, 37 (45): 10882- 10893.
doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1838-17.2017
9 Amunts K , Knoll AC , Lippert T , et al. The human brain project—synergy between neuroscience, computing, informatics, and brain-inspired technologies[J]. PLoS Biol, 2019, 17 (7): e3000344.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000344
10 Marcus D , Harwell J , Olsen T , et al. Informatics and data mining tools and strategies for the human connectome project[J]. Front Neuroinformatics, 2011, 5: 4.
doi: 10.3389/fninf.2011.00004
11 Mott MC , Gordon JA , Koroshetz WJ . The NIH BRAIN Initiative: Advancing neurotechnologies, integrating disciplines[J]. PLoS Biol, 2018, 16 (11): e3000066.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000066
12 Yan H , Choe HS , Nam SW , et al. Programmable nanowire circuits for nanoprocessors[J]. Nature, 2011, 470 (7333): 240- 244.
doi: 10.1038/nature09749
13 Cook SJ , Jarrell TA , Brittin CA , et al. Whole-animal connectomes of both Caenorhabditis elegans sexes[J]. Nature, 2019, 571 (7763): 63- 71.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1352-7
14 Okano H , Mitra P . Brain-mapping projects using the common marmoset[J]. Neurosci Res, 2015, 93: 3- 7.
doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2014.08.014
15 Sadato N , Morita K , Kasai K , et al. Neuroethical issues of the brain/MINDS project of Japan[J]. Neuron, 2019, 101 (3): 385- 389.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.01.006
16 Woodward A , Hashikawa T , Maeda M , et al. The Brain/MINDS 3D digital marmoset brain atlas[J]. Sci Data, 2018, 5: 180009.
doi: 10.1038/sdata.2018.9
17 Koshiyama D , Fukunaga M , Okada N , et al. White matter microstructural alterations across four major psychiatric disorders: mega-analysis study in 2937 individuals[J]. Mol Psychiatry, 2020, 25 (4): 883- 895.
doi: 10.1038/s41380-019-0553-7
18 蒲慕明. 脑科学的未来[J]. 心理学通讯, 2019, 2 (2): 80- 83.
POO Muming . The future of brain science[J]. Psychological Communications, 2019, 2 (2): 80- 83.
19 Wang Y , Yin J , Wang G , et al. Responsibility and sustainability in brain science, technology, and neuroethics in China—a culture-oriented perspective[J]. Neuron, 2019, 101 (3): 375- 379.
doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.01.023
20 宗伟健, 吴润龙, 李明立, 等. 新一代微型双光子荧光显微镜[J]. 前沿科学, 2018, 12 (1): 60- 65.
ZONG Weijian , WU Runlong , LI Mingli , et al. A new generation miniature two-photon fluorescence microscope[J]. Frontier Science, 2018, 12 (1): 60- 65.
21 Gong H , Xu D , Yuan J , et al. High-throughput dual-colour precision imaging for brain-wide connectome with cytoarchitectonic landmarks at the cellular level[J]. Nat Commun, 2016, 7: 12142.
doi: 10.1038/ncomms12142.NatCommun,2016,7:12142
22 Fan J , Suo J , Wu J , et al. Video-rate imaging of biological dynamics at centimetre scale and micrometre resolution[J]. Nature Photonics, 2019, 13 (11): 809- 816.
doi: 10.1038/s41566-019-0474-7
23 Zhong S , Zhang S , Fan X , et al. A single-cell RNA-seq survey of the developmental landscape of the human prefrontal cortex[J]. Nature, 2018, 555 (7697): 524- 528.
doi: 10.1038/nature25980
24 Sun Q , Li X , Ren M , et al. A whole-brain map of long-range inputs to GABAergic interneurons in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex[J]. Nat Neurosci, 2019, 22 (8): 1357- 1370.
doi: 10.1038/s41593-019-0429-9
25 Wang S , Zhao Y , Yan C . Reversible encephalopathy caused by an inborn error of cobalamin metabolism[J]. Lancet, 2019, 393 (10172): e29.
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30043-1
26 Han M , Wang S , Fritah S , et al. Interfering with long non-coding RNA MIR22HG processing inhibits glioblastoma progression through suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling[J]. Brain, 2020, 143 (2): 512- 530.
27 Wang J , Qi Q , Zhou W , et al. Inhibition of glioma growth by flavokawain B is mediated through endoplasmic reticulum stress induced autophagy[J]. Autophagy, 2018, 14 (11): 2007- 2022.
doi: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1501133
28 Han MZ , Huang B , Ni SL , et al. A validated prognostic nomogram for patients with newly diagnosed lower-grade gliomas in a large-scale Asian cohort[J]. Neuro Oncol, 2020, 22 (5): 729- 732.
doi: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa027
29 Han M , Wang S , Yang N , et al. Therapeutic implications of altered cholesterol homeostasis mediated by loss of CYP46A1 in human glioblastoma[J]. EMBO Mol Med, 2020, 12 (1): e10924.
doi: 10.15252/emmm.201910924
30 Ji J , Xu R , Ding K , et al. Long noncoding RNA SChLAP1 forms a growth-promoting complex with HNRNPL in human glioblastoma through stabilization of ACTN4 and activation of NF-κB signaling[J]. Clin Cancer Res, 2019, 25 (22): 6868- 6881.
doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-0747
31 王亚, 李永欣, 黄文华. 人类脑计划的研究进展[J]. 中国医学物理学杂志, 2016, 33 (3): 109- 112.
WANG Ya , LI Yongxin , HUANG Wenhua . Progress of human brain science research program[J]. Medical Innovation of China, 2016, 33 (3): 109- 112.
32 李萍萍, 马涛, 张鑫, 等. 各国脑计划实施特点对我国脑科学创新的启示[J]. 同济大学学报(医学版), 2019, 40 (4): 397- 401.
LI Pingping , MA Tao , ZHANG Xin , et al. Enlightenment for China's brain science innovation from global brain projects[J]. Journal of Tongji University (Medical Science), 2019, 40 (4): 397- 401.
[1] JIANG Tao. The application of brain-like intelligence in the frontiers of brain science [J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(8): 10-13.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] SUO Dongyang, SHEN Fei, GUO Hao, LIU Lichang, YANG Huimin, YANG Xiangdong. Expression and mechanism of Tim-3 in animal model of drug-induced acute kidney injury[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(7): 1 -6 .
[2] ZHANG Baowen, LEI Xiangli, LI Jinna, LUO Xiangjun, ZOU Rong. miR-21-5p targeted TIMP3 to inhibit proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation of mesangial cells in Type II diabetic nephropathy mice[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(7): 7 -14 .
[3] LONG Tingting, XIE Ming, ZHOU Lu, ZHU Junde. Effect of Noggin protein on learning and memory abilities and the dentate gyrus structure after cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in mice[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(7): 15 -23 .
[4] FU Jieqi, ZHANG Man, ZHANG Xiaolu, LI Hui, CHEN Hong. Molecular mechanism of Toll-like receptor 4 in the aggravation of blood lipid accumulation by inhibiting the peroxisome proliferator-activate receptor γ[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(7): 24 -31 .
[5] MA Qingyuan, PU Peidong, HAN Fei, WANG Chao, ZHU Zhoujun, WANG Weishan, SHI Chenhui. Effect of miR-27b-3p regulating SMAD1 on osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(7): 32 -37 .
[6] LI Ning, LI Juan, XIE Yan, LI Peilong, WANG Yunshan, DU Lutao, WANG Chuanxin. Expression of LncRNA AL109955.1 in 80 cases of colorectal cancer and its effect on cell proliferation, migration and invasion[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(7): 38 -46 .
[7] SHI Shuang, LI Juan, MI Qi, WANG Yunshan, DU Lutao, WANG Chuanxin. Construction and application of a miRNAs prognostic risk assessment model of gastric cancer[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(7): 47 -52 .
[8] XIAO Juan, XIAO Qiang, CONG Wei, LI Ting, DING Shouluan, ZHANG Yuan, SHAO Chunchun, WU Mei, LIU Jianing, JIA Hongying. Comparison of diagnostic efficacy of two kinds of thyroid imagine reporting and data systems[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(7): 53 -59 .
[9] DING Xiangyun, YU Qingmei, ZHANG Wenfang, ZHUANG Yuan, HAO Jing. Correlation of the expression of insulin-like growth factor II in granulosa cells and ovulation induction outcomes of 84 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(7): 60 -66 .
[10] XU Yuxiang, LIU Yudong, ZHANG Peng, DUAN Ruisheng. A retrospective analysis of risk factors of cerebral microbleeds in 101 patients with cerebral small vessel disease[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(7): 67 -71 .