Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences) ›› 2020, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (8): 50-60.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2020.0602

• Special Topic on Brain Science and Brain Like Intelligence • Previous Articles     Next Articles

A general overview of neuromodulation

Di ZHANG1,2,*(),Meng YU1,2,Xia LIU1,2   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
    2. Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
  • Received:2020-04-15 Online:2020-08-07 Published:2020-08-07
  • Contact: Di ZHANG E-mail:dizhang@sdu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

Neuromodulation refers to a series of biomedical engineering techniques which normalize or modulate the function of the nervous system through invasive or non-invasive delivery of physical or chemical stimulus. In the past thirty years, with the in-depth understanding of the nervous system and its mechanisms of action, as well as the rapidly developing modern techniques, neuromodulation has evolved from basic concept to clinical applications. At the same time, new concepts and alternative methods of neuromodulation are constantly being innovated, tested and put into practice. The advancing of neuromodulation techniques will not only provide new tools for basic neuroscience research but also offer novel therapeutic options for neurological and psychiatric disorders. In this overview, we will briefly introduce the current status of different types of neuromodulation techniques, including the clinical applications, underlying mechanisms of their therapeutic effects and advantages/disadvantages, as well as the prospects for the future.

Key words: Neuromodulation, Neuroplasticity, Neuropsychiatric disorders

CLC Number: 

  • R318

Fig.1

Types and applications of neuromodulation techniques A: Therapeutic applications of neuromodulation techniques. Neuromodulation techniques were widely used in treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as treatment-resistant depression, epilepsy and chronic pain, etc; B: Applications of neuromodulation techniques in medical research. Neuromodulation techniques, particularly the optogenetics and chemogenetics, were often used in the mesoscopic level of neuroscience; C: Forms of neuromodulation techniques. The introduced neuromodulation techniques in this article included magnetic, optic, electronic, chemical and ultrasonic stimulations. The neuromodulation techniques included invasive and non-invasive methods. "

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