线粒体异常与卵巢早衰

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2018.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 卵巢早衰是影响女性生殖健康的严重疾病,其致病机制尚不明确。线粒体作为细胞中重要的能量和代谢中心,参与细胞内多种生命活动,其功能异常与卵巢早衰密切相关。线粒体是哺乳动物细胞中惟一含有独立基因组的细胞器。在绝大多数动物中,线粒体DNA是母性遗传的,这意味着卵母细胞是线粒体将其遗传物质传递到下一代的惟一载体。卵母细胞体积大,线粒体DNA拷贝数多,线粒体形态也与体细胞有很大区别。这些特性使得卵巢中线粒体的功能及调控都有其特别之处。从线粒体DNA、线粒体蛋白合成与降解稳态,以及线粒体动态调节几个方面综述了线粒体异常与卵巢功能障碍和早衰的关系。

关键词: 线粒体, 卵巢早衰, 线粒体DNA, 线粒体动态, Perrault综合征

Abstract: Premature ovarian failure(POF)is a severe reproductive disease leading to infertility which affects many women. However, its etiology is not clear. Mitochondria, the energy factory and center of metabolism, participates many cellular activities. Malfunctions of mitochondria are associated with POF. Mitochondrion is the only organelle that has its own genome in the mammalian cells. In the majority of species, mitochondria are transmitted maternally, which means that oocyte is the only carrier that passes mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)to the next generation. Oocytes are large and have many copies of mtDNA. The mitochondria in oocytes have distinct morphology compared with that in the 山东大学学报 (医学版)56卷4期 -佟超.线粒体异常与卵巢早衰 \=-somatic cells. These special features of mitochondria in ovary lead to special regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we discussed how the defects in mtDNA, mitochondrial protein homeostasis, and mitochondrial dynamics lead to ovarian dysfunction.

Key words: Mitochondria, Premature ovarian failure, Mitochondrial DNA, Mitochondrial dynamics, Perrault syndrome

中图分类号:

佟超. 线粒体异常与卵巢早衰[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2018, 56(4): 23-27.

TONG Chao. Mitochondrial defects and premature ovarian failure[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2018, 56(4): 23-27.

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