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山东大学学报 (医学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (7): 102-108.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2024.1011

• 公共卫生与预防医学 • 上一篇    下一篇

2019年3月至2024年2月济南市儿童流感样病例中人鼻病毒流行及基因进化特征

丁小满1,2,吕燕1,2,孙嘉文1,2,赵宝添1,2,亓娜1,2,焦海涛1,2   

  1. 1.济南市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验所, 山东 济南 250021;2. 山东大学附属济南市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验所, 山东 济南 250021
  • 发布日期:2025-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 焦海涛. E-mail:jhthaitao@126.com亓娜. E-mail:qina347568@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    济南市卫生健康委员会科技发展计划项目(2024307002,2024307004)

Epidemiological and genotyping characteristics of human rhinovirus among influenza-like illness in children in Jinan from March 2019 to February 2024

DING Xiaoman1,2, LYU Yan1,2, SUN Jiawen1,2, ZHAO Baotian1,2, QI Na1,2, JIAO Haitao1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Microbiology, Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China;
    2. Institute of Microbiology, Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
  • Published:2025-07-08

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摘要： 目的 分析2019年3月至2024年2月济南市0~14岁儿童流感样病例(influenza-like illness, ILI)中人鼻病毒(human rhinovirus, HRV)流行趋势、基因遗传进化特征,为儿童HRV感染防控策略提供参考。 方法 在济南市某儿童医院每周采集0~14岁儿童ILI鼻咽拭子样本,采用多重荧光定量PCR技术进行多病原核酸检测,对部分HRV阳性样本进行VP4/VP2基因片段测序,构建系统发育树,进行同源性分析。 结果 1 200份样本中十三重呼吸道病原体检出阳性 645 份(53.75%)。HRV的检出率仅次于流感病毒,位居第2位,为 7.67%(92/1 200),其中男、女性病例阳性率分别为8.02%(57/711)和7.16%(35/489),差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.001,P>0.05);年龄分布上以学龄前(3~<6岁)年龄组阳性率最高(8.90%),各年龄组阳性率之间差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.92,P>0.05);此外,HRV在不同监测年度及季节间的阳性率差异均有统计学意义(χ2=18.67,P=0.001; χ2=35.88,P<0.001)。将28株HRV的VP4/VP2区序列与参考株比对分析发现共涉及两种基因型(包含21种血清型),以HRV A 组为主,HRV C组次之,未监测到HRV B组基因型。 结论 2019年3月至2024年2月济南市儿童ILI中HRV阳性率在年龄分布上相似,在季节分布上存在差异; HRV的流行仅出现短暂抑制后便迅速回升;基因型呈现以 HRV A 组感染为主、HRV C 组次之以及多种血清型共流行特点。

关键词: 人鼻病毒, 流感样病例, 流行特征, 系统进化树, 同源性分析

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence characters and genotypes of human rhinovirus(HRV)among influenza-like illness(ILI)in children in Jinan from March 2019 to February 2024, and to provide prevention and control strategies for HRV infection in children. Methods The nasopharyngeal swab samples from ILI in children aged 0 to 14 years were collected weekly in a childrens hospital in Jinan. Multi-pathogen nucleic acid detection was conducted by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Some nucleic acid positive samples of HRV were used in amplification and sequencing of the VP4/VP2 gene segments. A phylogenetic tree was constructed and homology analysis was performed. Results Respiratory pathogens were positive in 645 of 1,200 specimens, accounting for 53.75%. HRV had the 2nd highest detection rate after influenza virus at 7.67%(92/1,200), of which the positive rates of male and female cases were 8.02%(57/711)and 7.16%(35/489), respectively, with no statistically significant difference(χ2=0.001,P>0.05). The age distribution of the preschool(3 to <6 years old)age group was the highest(8.90%), and the difference in the positive rates of various age groups was not statistically significant(χ2=1.92,P>0.05). The positive rates of HRV in different monitoring years and seasons were statistically significant(χ2=18.67,P=0.001; χ2=35.88,P<0.001). The VP4/VP2 region sequences of the 28 HRV strains were compared with the reference strain and analyzed, and two genotypes(including 21 serotypes)were involved, with HRV A group as the main group, followed by HRV C group, and HRV B group genotypes were not detected. Conclusion From March 2019 to February 2024, the HRV positivity rate among children with ILI in Jinan City was similar in age distribution and different in seasonal distribution. The prevalence of HRV was only briefly suppressed and then rapidly rebounded. In addition, HRV A was predominant, followed by HRV C and multiple serotypes were involved in Jinan during this period.

Key words: Human rhinovirus, Influenza-like illness, Epidemiological characteristics, Phylogenetic tree, Homology analysis

中图分类号: 

  • R183.3
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