加强环境健康风险预警研究,推动风险预警公共卫生服务

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.1322

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着环境健康问题日益受到重视,环境健康风险的评估和预警研究逐渐成为热点。在我国,针对空气污染和热浪、寒潮等的人群健康风险预警研究,已经取得了一些进展,构建了空气质量健康指数(AQHI)及预警平台,并在全国多个试点城市发布,为公众健康防护提供了科学的参考;同时,启动了极端天气健康风险预警研究及应用工作,构建了热浪和寒潮健康风险预警模型及预警分级,并在试点城市实现了实时发布。然而,整体而言我国环境健康风险预警研究及公共卫生服务仍处于起步探索阶段,未来应持续加强各类环境危险因素的风险预警科学研究和应用,并开展环境健康风险预警的应用效果和适用性评估,不断优化完善预警模型和相关指数。同时,建立多部门合作机制,建立健全环境健康风险预警发布体系,推动环境健康风险预警及公共卫生服务在全国的应用,并进一步推进预警发布后的健康风险干预工作,以降低环境因素带来的健康风险,提升人民健康水平。

关键词: 环境健康风险, 预警, 公共卫生服务, 空气质量健康指数

Abstract: With increasing attention to environmental health issues, research on environmental health risk assessment and early warning have become a hot spot. Progress has been made on the early warning of health risks from environmental risk factors such as air pollution, heat waves, and cold waves. The air quality health index(AQHI)and early warning platform have been established in many pilot cities across the country, providing a scientific reference for public health protection. Research and application on early warning of health risks from extreme weather have also been initiated. The early warning models and early warning classification of heat wave and cold wave health risks have been constructed, and real-time release has been realized in pilot cities. In general, research on the early warning of environmental health risks and public health services in China is still in the initial stage. More research is needed, applicability should be evaluated, and the early warning model and related indexes should be optimized. Meanwhile, a multi-sectoral cooperation mechanism should be established, and a sound working-system of early warning of environmental health risks should be constructed, in order to promote its application nationwide. Based on the early warning information, intervention measures should be taken to reduce health risks caused by environmental factors and improve peoples health.

Key words: Environmental health, Early warning, Public health services, Air quality health index

中图分类号:

李湉湉,王情,孙庆华. 加强环境健康风险预警研究,推动风险预警公共卫生服务[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2021, 59(12): 1-5.

LI Tiantian, WANG Qing, SUN Qinghua. Strengthen research on early warning of environmental health risks and promote public health services[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2021, 59(12): 1-5.

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