中国互联网医疗的发展历程、商业模式及宏观影响因素

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2018.1184

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用相关研究文献、新闻报道、政府文件以及企业和平台的数据信息,对我国互联网医疗的发展历史、市场规模、商业模式等进行整理、归纳和比较,同时介绍了美国的互联网医疗模式,指出了影响中国互联网医疗发展的宏观环境因素。中国的互联网医疗始于上世纪80年代的远程医疗,时代和技术进步及政府政策的推动是过去几年互联网医疗快速发展的原因。2014年被称为中国互联网医疗爆发元年,资本的涌入更加提升了过去几年互联网医疗市场的热度。我国的互联网医疗先后产生了非互动医疗健康信息服务、在线问诊、医药电商、健康监测管理、医疗服务流程优化等不同模式;互联网医疗企业与健康保险行业的结姻是最近的动态。美国互联网医疗市场的发展大致经历了4个阶段,从收费方式看,可以分为向药企收费、向医生收费、向保险公司收费、向参保企业收费4种模式。我国互联网医疗的不同模式各有自己的运营形式、适用人群、优缺点及发展方向,各有侧重和适用场景。我国互联网医疗的发展受到筹资机制、社会医疗保险和商业保险环境下的市场空间、医疗服务提供体制以及医疗健康服务需求特性等因素影响。

关键词: 互联网医疗, 发展历程, 线上, 线下, 商业模式, 影响因素

Abstract: Basing on reviewing related literatures, news, reports, government documents, data and information of enterprises and related platforms, we summarizes and compares the historical development, market scale and business model of Internet-based health service(IHS)in China, then introduces modes of IHS in the United States, and points out the macro environmental factors that influence the development of IHS in China. The IHS in China developed from the initial telemedicine since the 1980 s. Both the progresses of technology and the enforcement of government policies accelerated its recently rapid development.The year 2014 is known as the first year of Chinas IHS market outburst, and the influx of capital has heated IHS market in the following years. There are different modes including non-interactive health information service, online consultation, medical e-commerce, health monitoring and management, and medical service process optimization.The marriage between IHS enterprises and the health insurance industry is the latest development. The development of the IHS market in the United States has gone through four stages, and at present the charging modes include charging pharmaceutical enterprises, charging physicians, charging insurance companies and charging insured companies. Different modes of IHS in China have their own ways of operating, target population, advantages and disadvantages, and development directions, with different emphasis and applicable scenarios. The development of IHS in China is influenced by financing mechanism, market space under the social and commercial health insurance environment, healthcare delivery system and characteristics of healthcare demand.

Key words: Internet-based health service, Development process, Online, Offline, Business modes, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R574

于保荣,杨瑾,宫习飞,杨茹显. 中国互联网医疗的发展历程、商业模式及宏观影响因素[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2019, 57(8): 39-52.

YU Baorong, YANG Jin, GONG Xifei, YANG Ruxian. Development process, business modes and macrocally influencing factors for Internet-based health service in China[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2019, 57(8): 39-52.

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