Abstract:

Objective      To investigate changes of blood glucose, serum insulin and cortisol levels in infants of gestational diabetic mothers and healthy macrosomia. Methods    31 neonates of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were involved in the GDM group, 33 full-term newborns of mothers without GDM(birth weight≥4kg)  as the macrosomia group and 35 neonates of mother without GDM(birth weight<4kg) as the normal control group. The level of blood glucose was measured by a microsaccharimeter, and levels of serum insulin and cortisol by eletrochemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA). Results     Compared with the control group, the glucose level in the GDM group and macrosomia group was significantly lower(P<0.05), whereas insulin and cortisol levels were significantly higher (P<0.05). Compared with the macrosomia group, the glucose level of macrosomias in the GDM group was significantly lower(P＜0.05), and the insulin level was significantly higher (P<0.05). The cortisol level of macrosomias was higher in the GDM group, while there was no statistical significance (P＞0.05). Conclusion     There are abnormal levels of blood glucose, serum insulin and cortisol in infants of diabetic mothers and healthy macrosomia. Therefore providing more health guidance to pregnant women during prepregnancy and pregnancy is helpful to reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes and macrosomia.

Key words: Gestational diabetes mellitus; Neonate; Macrosomia; Blood glucose; Insulin; Cortisol