Abstract: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of threedimensional conformal radiotherapy with weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin for local advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods94 patients with local advanced NSCLC were randomly divided into three groups: the concurrent chemoradiation group A(n=33), the concurrent chemoradiation group B(n=29), and the sequential chemoradiation group(n=32). The three groups were all given 3DCRT at 2?Gy/f to a total dose of 70?Gy. In the concurrent chemoradiation group A, paclitaxel 50?mg/m2 and carboplatin of 1.5AUC/cycle were given on day 1, 8, 15, 29, 36 and 43. In the concurrent chemoradiation group B, except for paclitaxel 40?mg/m2, paclitaxel 50?mg/m2 and carboplatin of 1.5AUC/cycle were also given on the above mentioned days. In the sequential chemoradiation group, two chemotherapy cycles were given before radiotherapy. Paclitaxel 150?mg/m2 and carboplatin 5 AUC/cycle were administered on day 1 and 21. ResultsThe effective power 〔complete response(CR) +partial response(PR)) of concurrent chemoradiation groupA, B, and sequential chemoradiation group was 81.8%, 79.3%, and 56.2%. The median survival time was 18.8 months for the concurrent chemoradiation group A, 17.6 months for the concurrent chemoradiation group B and 15.6 months for the sequential chemoradiation group. The 1 and 2year survival rates in the three groups were 74.0% and 41.0%, 72.0% and 39.0%, and 69.0% and 35.0%, respectively. ⅡⅢ grade of esophagitis, pneumonia and leukocytonpenia in the three groups were 60.6%, 24.2%, and 42.4%; 58.6%, 24.1% and 44.8%; and 40.6%, 21.9% and 18.8%, respectively. Conclusion