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山东大学学报 (医学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (4): 99-106.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0223

• • 上一篇    

有自杀意念中学生的求助意愿、求助行为现状及其相关因素

申雨霏,赵美,胡宓   

  • 发布日期:2022-04-22
  • 通讯作者: 胡宓. E-mail:humi8311@csu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81903404)

Help-seeking willingness, help-seeking behaviors and influencing factors in middle school students with suicidal ideation

SHEN Yufei, ZHAO Mei, HU Mi   

  1. Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
  • Published:2022-04-22

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摘要： 目的 探讨有自杀意念中学生的求助意愿和求助行为的现况及其影响因素,为开展中学生自杀预防奠定基础。 方法 以7~12年级中学生中过去一年有自杀意念者为研究对象,采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样方法从长沙市城区抽取了4所中学所有的初一、高一学生和部分初二、高二学生,共3 669名。采用自编条目收集相关数据,描述过去一年有自杀意念的中学生的求助意愿和求助行为现状。构成比用来描述一般人口学资料;采用χ2检验统计推断有无自杀意念中学生相关因素的差异;采用二元Logistic回归描述有自杀意念中学生求助意愿和求助行为的影响因素。 结果 被调查学生过去一年自杀意念的报告率为9.08%(316/3 480)。过去一年有自杀意念的中学生中求助意愿者占比为80.70%(255/316)。中学生最愿意求助的对象是好朋友。性别、家庭提供的社会支持、学校提供的社会支持、是否有抑郁症状是求助意愿的影响因素。求助行为的占比为77.22%(244/316)。有过求助行为的学生中,求助过好朋友的占比最高。年级、家庭提供的社会支持、学校提供的社会支持、父母的学历是求助行为的影响因素。 结论 有自杀意念的中学生求助意愿较高,而求助行为的报告率低于求助意愿。好朋友是最主要的求助对象。求助意愿的发生与性别、社会支持情况、是否有抑郁症状有关,求助行为的发生与年级、社会支持情况、父母学历有关。

关键词: 中学生, 自杀意念, 求助行为, 求助意愿, 自杀预防, 长沙市

Abstract: Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of help-seeking willingness and help-seeking behaviors in middle school students with suicidal ideation in the past year, so as to lay a foundation for suicide prevention among middle school students. Methods A total of 3 669 students from 4 middle schools in Changsha were collected with stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling. The help-seeking willingness and help-seeking behaviors of students with suicidal ideation in the past year were surveyed with a self-compiled questionnaire. The general demographic data were described with composition ratio; the differences in influencing factors were inferred with χ2 test; the influencing factors of help-seeking willingness and help-seeking behaviors were determined with binary Logistic regression. Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation among middle school students in Changsha in the past year was 9.08%. The prevalence of help-seeking willingness among students with suicidal ideation was 80.70%, respectively. Most students were willing to ask for help from their good friends. Gender, social support provided by the family, social support provided by the school, and depression symptoms were influencing factors of help-seeking willingness. The prevalence of help-seeking behaviors was 77.22%. For students who had asked for help, good friends were the most popular target. Grade, social support provided by the family, social support provided by the school, and the educational background of the parents were influencing factors of help-seeking behavior. Conclusion The prevalence of help-seeking willingness in middle school students with suicidal ideation is high, while the prevalence of help-seeking behaviors is lower than that of help-seeking willingness. Good friends are the most important targets for help. The help-seeking willingness is related to gender, social support status, and depression symptoms, and the occurrence of help-seeking behaviors is related to grade, social support status, and parental educational background.

Key words: Middle school students, Suicidal ideation, Help-seeking behaviors, Help-seeking willingness, Suicide prevention, Changsha City

中图分类号: 

  • R179
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