脑功能网络分析在失语症诊疗中的应用:病理机制分析、临床诊断与疗效评价

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2024.1456

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 脑功能网络分析方法通过分析大脑不同区域神经活动的同步性和连接性,揭示大脑功能的组织模式,近年来已成为研究失语症的重要工具。依托非侵入性神经影像(如功能性磁共振成像)与电生理(如脑电图)手段,该方法能够构建大脑功能网络,识别失语症患者异常的功能连接模式及其动态重组特征。本研究系统综述了脑功能网络分析方法在失语症研究中的应用,重点探讨其在病理机制分析、类别诊断、严重程度诊断及治疗方法效果评价中的研究进展。通过整合静态与动态分析方法,结合多种神经影像及电生理技术,揭示失语症患者脑功能网络的显著变化,包括拓扑结构、功能连接、频率带的变化及功能重组。脑功能网络分析方法不仅能够辅助传统诊断手段,提高诊断精度,还可诊断失语症严重程度,评价治疗方法效果。通过系统梳理已有研究成果,以期为未来深入理解失语症的病理机制及制定个性化干预提供理论参考与临床借鉴。

关键词: 脑功能网络分析, 失语症, 病理机制, 临床诊断, 疗效评价

Abstract: Functional brain network analysis has emerged as a powerful approach to study aphasia by characterizing the synchronization patterns and connectivity profiles of neural activity across distributed brain regions. Utilizing advanced non-invasive neuroimaging(e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI)and electrophysiological(e.g. electroencephalography, EEG)techniques, functional networks are constructed to identify abnormal functional connectivity and dynamic network reorganization in aphasic patients. The present systematic review critically evaluates the application of functional brain network analysis in aphasia research, with particular emphasis on elucidation of neuropathological mechanisms, subtype classification, severity stratification, and assessment of therapeutic outcome. Through integrative analysis of both static and dynamic network properties across multiple neuroimaging modalities, we identify consistent patterns of network dysfunction in aphasia, including topological perturbations, functional connectivity reconfigurations, frequency-band-specific oscillations, and compensatory network reorganization. Specifically, this analytical framework demonstrates significant clinical utility by improving the sensitivity and specificity of conventional diagnostic protocols, providing quantitative biomarkers for grading disease severity, and enabling objective assessment of treatment-induced neuroplastic changes. By synthesizing current evidence, this review aims to advance the understanding for future investigations of the neural substrates of aphasia and to inform the development of personalized treatment interventions.

Key words: Functional brain network analysis, Aphasia, Neuropathological mechanisms, Clinical diagnosis, Therapeutic outcome assessment

中图分类号:

H018.4-62

罗淇,王霞,姜孟. 脑功能网络分析在失语症诊疗中的应用:病理机制分析、临床诊断与疗效评价[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2025, 63(8): 111-126.

LUO Qi, WANG Xia, JIANG Meng. Application of functional brain network analysis in aphasia: insights into neuropathological mechanisms, clinical diagnosis, and assessment of therapeutic outcome[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2025, 63(8): 111-126.

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