预防医学本科生专业认知度与认可度现状及影响因素

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2024.0833

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨预防医学专业本科生对本专业的认知度与认可度现状,分析其影响因素。方法采用自填式问卷,对山东省某高校公共卫生学院预防医学专业2016~2020级五个年级共计507名在校本科生进行调查。结果本研究最终获得有效问卷495份(男生146人,女生349人),有效回收率97.63%。第一志愿主动填报预防医学的学生占22.02%,较大比例的生源来自于第二志愿或调剂志愿考生。各年级平均专业转出率为24.58%。随着年级的升高,预防医学生对本专业的兴趣度(χ2=10.581,P=0.001)和满意度(χ2=6.509,P=0.011)均呈增高趋势。各年级的专业认知得分差异具有统计学意义(F=24.136,P<0.001),年级越高专业认知度得分越高,专业认可度得分差异无统计学意义。不同性别之间专业认知度和认可度得分的差异无统计学意义。专业认知度得分对专业认可度得分具有显著的正向影响(B=0.398,P<0.001)。结论年级高低是影响预防医学本科生专业认知度的重要因素,专业认知度对认可度具有显著的正向影响,本研究结果可为预防医学专业本科生教育教学改革提供依据。

关键词: 预防医学, 公共卫生, 本科生, 专业转出率, 专业认知度, 专业认可度

Abstract: Objective To assess the current status of professional cognition and identity among undergraduate students majoring in preventive medicine and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods Using a self-administered questionnaire, we surveyed 507 undergraduates from the 2016 to 2020 cohorts in the School of Public Health at a certain university in Shandong Province. Results A total of 495 valid questionnaires were received(146 male and 349 female), giving a valid response rate of 97.63%. Only 22.02% of the students voluntarily chose preventive medicine as their first choice, while a large proportion were second choice or adjusted admissions. The average major transfer-out rate across all grades was 24.58%. Both interest in the major(χ2=10.581, P=0.001)and satisfaction with the major(χ2=6.509, P=0.011)increased significantly with grade level. There was a statistically significant difference in professional cognition scores across grades(F=24.136, P<0.001), with higher grades having higher cognition scores. However, there was no significant difference in professional identity scores across grades. The differences in professional cognition or identity scores between genders were not statistically significant. Professional cognition scores significantly positively impacted the professional identity scores(B=0.398, P<0.001). Conclusion Grade level is an important factor influencing professional cognition among preventive medicine undergraduates. Professional cognition has a significant positive effect on professional identity. These findings may inform educational reforms in preventive medicine undergraduate programs.

Key words: Preventive medicine, Public health, Undergraduate students, Major transfer-out rate, Professional cognition, Professional identity

中图分类号:

R195

孙潇,马传伟,赵敏,席波. 预防医学本科生专业认知度与认可度现状及影响因素[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2024, 62(12): 109-116.

SUN Xiao, MA Chuanwei, ZHAO Min, XI Bo. Current status and influencing factors of professional cognition and identity among preventive medicine undergraduates[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2024, 62(12): 109-116.

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