合肥市空气O3对儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量的影响

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合肥市空气O₃对儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量的影响

Effects of ozone on emergency room visits of respiratory diseases among children in Hefei City

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doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2024.0176

摘要： 目的探讨合肥市空气O₃暴露对儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量影响。方法收集合肥市某儿童医院2017年1月1日至2019年12月31日逐日儿童急诊就诊资料、空气污染物监测资料和气象资料。基于分布滞后非线性模型(distributed lag non-linear model, DLNM)评估不同质量浓度O₃对儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量的影响,模型中调整气象因素、时间趋势和星期几等变量。结果研究期间共纳入因儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊153 995人次,儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量随O₃质量浓度上升而增加。相对于60 μg/m³,O₃质量浓度在P25、P50、P75和P95时儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量单日滞后效应相对危险度(relative risk, RR)及95%置信区间(confidence interval, CI)分别为1.004(1.000~1.008)、1.031(1.016~1.045)、1.062(1.037~1.087)和1.084(1.053~1.115),累积滞后效应RR(95%CI)分别为1.009(1.001~1.013)、1.082(1.046~1.119)、1.185(1.112~1.263)和1.244(1.159~1.336)。O₃质量浓度对男孩和女孩呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量的影响差异无统计学意义。不同疾病中,P25至P95浓度范围O₃对急性上呼吸感染、急性下呼吸道感染及肺炎急诊就诊量影响的单日滞后效应RR分别为1.006~1.072、1.006~1.058和1.005~1.060,累积滞后效应RR分别为1.009~1.223、1.003~1.359和1.017~1.450。结论合肥市空气O₃质量浓度升高可能会增加儿童呼吸系统疾病发病风险。

关键词: 臭氧, 儿童, 呼吸系统疾病, 急诊, 分布滞后非线性模型

Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of O₃ exposure on emergency room visits for children with respiratory diseases in Hefei City. Methods Day-by-day data on childrens emergency department visits, air pollutant monitoring data and meteorological data were collected from January 1 2017 to December 31 2019 at a childrens hospital in Hefei City. The effects of different concentrations of O₃ on childrens emergency department visits for respiratory diseases were evaluated based on a distributed lag non-linear model(DLNM), in which the variables such as meteorological factors, temporal trends, and days of the week were adjusted. Results A total of 153,995 emergency room visits for childhood respiratory diseases were included in the study period, and the number of emergency room visits for childhood respiratory diseases increased with the increase of O₃ concentration. Relative to 60 μg/m³, the RR(95%CI)values of single-day lag effects of O₃ concentrations at P25, P50, P75 and P₉₅ on emergency room visits of children were 1.004(1.000-1.008), 1.031(1.016-1.045), 1.062(1.037-1.087)and 1.084(1.053-1.115), respectively, and the RR(95%CI)values of cumulative lag effects were 1.009(1.001-1.013),1.082(1.046-1.119), 1.185(1.112-1.263)and 1.244(1.159-1.336), respectively. Effects of O₃ on emergency room visits for respiratory diseases between boys and girls had no statistically significant different. Among different diseases, the RR values of single-day lag effects of O₃ at concentrations range of P₂₅ to P₉₅ on the number of emergency room visits for acute upper respiratory infection, acute lower respiratory infection and pneumonia were 1.006-1.072, 1.006-1.058 and 1.005-1.060, and the RR values of cumulative lag effects were 1.009-1.223, 1.003-1.359 and 1.017-1.450, respectively. Conclusion Elevated O₃ concentrations in Hefei City may increase the risk of respiratory diseases in children.

Key words: Ozone, Children, Respiratory diseases, Emergency room visit, Distributed lag non-linear model

中图分类号:

R122

肖长春,余林玲,鄢德瑞,朱昱. 合肥市空气O₃对儿童呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊量的影响[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2025, 63(2): 95-103.

XIAO Changchun, YU Linling, YAN Derui, ZHU Yu. Effects of ozone on emergency room visits of respiratory diseases among children in Hefei City[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2025, 63(2): 95-103.

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