重大疾病患者非正式照护者的抑郁状况及相关因素

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0374

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨重大疾病患者非正式照护者的抑郁状况及相关因素。方法采取分层整群抽样方法在山东省农村抽取554名重大疾病患者及其非正式照护者,采用自编一般情况调查表、抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行调查。采用二元变量的t检验和多变量的单因素方差分析评估与SDS评分相关的因素。在控制混杂变量后,采用最小二乘(OLS)回归方法研究各因素对SDS评分的影响。结果重大疾病患者非正式照护者的SDS得分为50.82±13.41分,高于我国常模(41.85±10.57)分。自评健康好的非正式照护者SDS得分显著低于自评健康差的非正式照护者(P<0.001, β=-6.88),每天提供照护超过13 h的非正式照护者SDS得分显著较高(P<0.001, β=5.40)。家庭的经济状况对非正式照护者的抑郁状况也有重要的影响,SDS得分与家庭人均年收入呈负相关(P=0.007, β=-1.08)。此外,非正式照护者的SDS得分与照护接受者的性别和自评健康有关。结论农村重大疾病患者非正式照护者的抑郁水平较高,应加以关注。

关键词: 照护者抑郁状况, 非正式照护者, 重大疾病患者, 农村

Abstract: Objective To explore the depression status and associated factors among informal caregivers of patients with critical illness. Methods Totally 554 patients with critical illness and their informal caregivers in Shandong rural areas were extracted using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method, and the survey was conducted with self-rating depression scale(SDS)and a self-made questionnaire. T-tests for binary variables and one-way ANOVA analyses for polytomous variables were used to assess factors significantly associated with SDS score. Multiple linear regression with OLS method was employed to study how each factor affected SDS score after confounding variables were controlled. Results The SDS score of caregivers was 50.82±13.41, which was higher than the normal score(41.85±10.57). Caregivers with good self-rated health had significantly lower SDS score than those with poor self-rated health(P<0.001, β=-6.88). Caregivers who provided over 13 hours of care per day had significantly higher SDS score(P<0.001, β=5.40). Family economic status had a significant impact on the depressive status among caregivers, with SDS score negatively correlated with total annual per capita income(P=0.007, β=-1.08). In addition, SDS score of caregivers was related to self-rated health and gender of the patients they cared. Conclusion The level of depression in informal caregivers of patients with critical illness in rural areas is high, which should arouse proper attention.

Key words: Caregivers depression status, Informal caregivers, Critically ill patients, Rural areas

中图分类号:

R195

付文昊,李佳佳,方峰,李士雪. 重大疾病患者非正式照护者的抑郁状况及相关因素[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2022, 60(1): 71-77.

FU Wenhao, LI Jiajia, FANG Feng, LI Shixue. Depression status and associated factors among informal caregivers of patients with critical illness[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2022, 60(1): 71-77.

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