超声检查对小儿十二指肠梗阻性疾病的诊断价值

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2017.823

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨超声检查诊断小儿十二指肠肠梗阻性疾病的临床价值。方法回顾性分析188例经手术证实十二指肠梗阻性疾病的临床资料,将手术结果与术前超声诊断对照,总结该病的超声诊断要点。结果 188例经手术证实为十二指肠梗阻性疾病的患儿术前临床均有不同程度呕吐,声像图表现为胃至梗阻近端肠腔明显扩张积液,部分病例肠壁可增厚;梗阻远段肠管充盈差,甚至呈空瘪状态。术前超声诊断为十二指肠梗阻性疾病153例,包括十二指肠膜式闭锁或狭窄、环状胰腺、肠旋转不良等。这3类病变的超声诊断符合率分别为76.32%(29/38)、73.02%(46/63)及89.66%(78/87),其中部分患儿同时合并存在2种梗阻性病变。结论超声检查对小儿十二指肠梗阻性疾病的诊断及梗阻部位判断具重要价值,可作为小儿十二指肠梗阻性疾病的首选筛查方法。

关键词: 十二指肠梗阻, 超声检查, 小儿, 诊断

Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical significance of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of duodenal obstruction in children. Methods The clinical data of 188 cases of duodenal obstruction confirmed by surgery in our hospital during Jan. 2011 and Dec. 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The ultrasonographic results and surgical outcomes were compared to summarize the essentials of diagnosis. Results Before operation, all children had varying degrees of vomiting. Ultrasonographic images showed obvious dilation and effusion in the part between stomach and the proximal end of the obstructed intestinal cavity. In some cases, the bowel wall thickened. The distal end of obstructed intestinal cavity was poorly filled, or even empty. Ultrasonographic results indicated that 153 cases were duodenal obstruction, including duodenal atresia or stenosis, annular pancreas, and intestinal malrotation. The diagnostic accordance rate was 76.32%(29/38), 73.02%(46/63)and 89.66%(78/87), respectively. Some cases had 2 types of obstructions. Conclusion Ultrasonography plays an important role in the diagnosis of obstructive duodenal diseases and the location of obstructive site. It can serve as the first choice for screening duodenal obstruction in children.

Key words: Duodenal obstruction, Ultrasonography, Children, Diagnosis

中图分类号:

R699.2

毛羽,周昕. 超声检查对小儿十二指肠梗阻性疾病的诊断价值[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2018, 56(2): 47-50.

MAO Yu, ZHOU Xin. Diagnostic value of ultrasonography for duodenal obstruction in children[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2018, 56(2): 47-50.

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