低氧训练对大鼠EPO/EPOR及其表达的影响

山东大学学报(医学版) ›› 2009, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 5-15.

低氧训练对大鼠EPO/EPOR及其表达的影响

赵鹏路瑛丽冯连世徐建方朱珂

1. 国家体育总局体育科学研究所，北京 100061； 2. 河南省体育科学研究所，郑州 450003

收稿日期:2008-12-18 出版日期:2009-06-16 发布日期:2009-05-16
通讯作者: 冯连世（1964- ），男，研究员，博士，博导，主要研究方向为低氧/高原训练的适应机理研究与应用、运动员控体重与训练监控的原理与方法。
作者简介:赵鹏（1972- ），男，博士，助理研究员，研究方向为低氧训练的适应机理研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（30570892）。

Effect of hypoxic training on EPO/EPOR expression in rats

ZHAO Feng, LU Ying-Li, FENG Lian-Shi, XU Jian-Fang, ZHU Ke

Received:2008-12-18 Online:2009-06-16 Published:2009-05-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的研究低氧训练及复氧训练对大鼠EPO-EPOR的影响。方法经过适应性训练和力竭实验筛选出的60只SD雄性大鼠，分成6组，保证每组大鼠体重，力竭时间、力竭血乳酸等基本一致，双盲抽签确定分组：① 低住低练组，② 高住高练组，③ 高住低练组，④ 低住高练组，⑤高住高练复氧训练组，⑥ 高住低练复氧训练组。采用水平跑台进行耐力训练，训练强度为常氧下35m/min，低氧下30m/min，1h/d，5d/周，低氧训练6周，复氧训练1周。最后一次训练后恢复48h取血和腓肠肌。ELISA法测血清EPO，免疫组化法测定肾脏EPO、骨骼肌EPO、EPOR，实时定量PCR测腓肠肌EPO mRNA和EPOR mRNA表达。结果高住高练组较低住低练组大鼠骨骼肌EPO mRNA和EPOR mRNA表达均有高度显著性升高(P＜0.01)，高住低练组与低住低练组相比骨骼肌EPO mRNA和EPOR mRNA表达有高度显著性(P＜0.01)和显著性（P＜0.05）升高。高住高练后复氧训练1周，血清EPO水平有显著性升高(P＜0.05)，骨骼肌EPO mRNA和EPOR mRNA表达有高度显著性降低(P＜0.01)，高住低练后复氧训练1周，骨骼肌EPOmRNA表达显著性降低(P＜0.05)，其余变化不大。EPO主要在肾脏皮质的胞浆中弥漫表达，与常氧安静对照组相比，低住低练组、高住高练组和高住低练组EPO表达较强；与高住高练和高住低练相比，高住高练后复氧训练组和高住低练后复氧训练组EPO表达都略有增强，都比常氧安静组强。结论引起EPO水平变化的原因不是缺氧，而是氧浓度的变化，并且可能会有低氧持续暴露时间和氧浓度适当匹配性。骨骼肌EPO-EPOR mRNA系统的表达受血清EPO浓度的影响，当血清EPO浓度较高时，抑制了骨骼肌EPO-EPOR mRNA系统的表达，骨骼肌EPO mRNA表达与血清EPO有显著负关（r=-0.676），同时，骨骼肌EPO mRNA与EPOR mRNA之间有非常显著相关关系（r=0.918）。

关键词: 低氧训练, 促红细胞生成素, 促红细胞生成素受体, 骨骼肌, 大鼠，SpragueDawley

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effects ofdifferent hypoxia training methods on EPO-EPOR to provide a theoretical and application basis for using hypoxia training. Methods After adaptability training and exhaustive tests,90 rats were selected from 120 male SD rats (6week old) and randomly divided into 9 groups:the normoxia quiet control group, the continuing hypoxia group, the intermittent hypoxia group, the normaxia training group, the living-high and training-high group(HiHi), the living-high and training-low group(HiLo), the living-low and training-high group(LoHi), the normoxia training group after HiHi, and the normoxia training group after HiLo. During a 6-week experimental period, 13.6% concentration of oxygen (equal to an altitude of 3 500 m) was introduced into the hypoxic chamber.Rats that had undergone hypoxia training were introduced to a treadmill. The speed of training was 30m/min in hypoxia and 35m/min in normoxia. Then the rats were trained 5d/week and weresacrificed after 6 weeks. RQ-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of HIF-1αin the skeletal muscle to probe further into the mechanisms of acclimatization in the skeletal muscle. Results Compared with the LoLo group, the mRNA level of EPO and EPOR in both the HiHi group (P＜0.01) and the HiLo group（P＜
0.05）significantly increased. In the normoxia training group after HiHi, the mRNA level of EPO in the serum significantly increased (P＜0.05), and the mRNA level of EPO and EPOR in skeletal muscle decreased significantly; while in the normoxia training group after HiLo, the mRNA level of EPO in the skeletal muscle significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Conclusion It is concentration of oxygen rather than hypoxia that causes changes in the level of EPO, which may be related to exposure time of hypoxia. The mRNA level of EPO in the skeletal muscle is negatively related to that of EPO in the serum（r=-0.676）, also, the mRNA levels of EPO and EPOR in the skeletal muscle are closely related.

Key words: Hypoxia-training； EPO； EPOR； Skeletal muscle; Rats, sprague-dawley

中图分类号:

G804.7

赵鹏路瑛丽冯连世徐建方朱珂. 低氧训练对大鼠EPO/EPOR及其表达的影响[J]. 山东大学学报(医学版), 2009, 47(5): 5-15.

ZHAO Feng, LU Ying-Li, FENG Lian-Shi, XU Jian-Fang, ZHU Ke. Effect of hypoxic training on EPO/EPOR expression in rats[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES), 2009, 47(5): 5-15.

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