Abstract: Objective: To study the ocular refractive components of myopic children and the correlation between refractive components and gender, age and degree of refraction. Methods: One hundred and forty eyes of 79 children aged 3 to 12 were enrolled in this study. The axial length（AL）, refraction power of cornea（K1 and K2）and anterior chamber depth（ACD）were determined by optic coherence biometry（Zeiss IOL Master）after cycloplegia. Results: ① The refraction degree showed no significant difference in gender（t=-0.54, P=0.59）, whereas the axial length was significantly shorter(t=-3.00, P=0.003) in girls than in boys. The refraction power of corneas was greater （K1 t=2.10, P=0.04; K2 t=2.69, P=0.008） and the ACD was shallower in girls than in boys（t=-3.78, P=0.00）; ② Both the axial length (r=-0.488) and the refraction power of corneas (K1 r=-0.262；K2 r=-0.277) negatively correlated with the refraction degree; ③ Both the axial length (r=0.173) and the anterior chamber depth （r=0.233） positively correlated with age; ④ The AL/CR ratio was 3.087±0.11. There was a negative correlation between refraction degree and AL/CR ratio (r=-0.732). Conclusions: Under a static refraction state, ocular refractive components are different between males and females in myopic children. Child myopia is induced by both the axial the cornea remains steady in hyperopic children.

Key words: Myopia, Child, Ocular refractive components, Optic coherence biometry, Mydriatics