山东大学学报 (医学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (1): 13-19.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2019.339
张美玲1,孙卉1,孙文凯2,孟朝暾3,邬信芳2,高伟4,李钦5
ZHANG Meiling1, SUN Hui1, SUN Wenkai2, MENG Zhaotun3, WU Xinfang2, GAO Wei4, LI Qin5
摘要: 目的 探讨大鼠鼻腔滴入γ干扰素(IFN-γ)对变应性鼻炎(AR)大鼠外周血中辅助性T细胞17(Th17)、调节性T细胞(Treg)水平的影响。 方法 将40只Wistar雄性大鼠,按体质量编号、采用随机数字表法随机分为4组:对照组、致敏组、曲安奈德组、IFN-γ组,致敏阶段采用5级卵清蛋白(OVA)、氢氧化铝给予致敏组、曲安奈德组、IFN-γ组大鼠腹腔注射致敏以及OVA滴鼻激发造模,对照组腹腔注射以生理盐水替代,滴鼻以超纯水替代;给药阶段对照组不予处理,致敏组、曲安奈德组、IFN-γ组每只每侧鼻孔分别给予50 μL PBS、3.5 μg曲安奈德、1 μg IFN-γ滴鼻,于末次给药结束24 h内行流式细胞术检测外周血Th17细胞、Treg细胞所占比例,1周内行定量酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测外周血中白介素-17A、转化生长因子(TGF)-β1的浓度,并行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色,观察黏膜情况。 结果 与对照组[(0.213 4±0.149 5)%]相比,致敏组[(4.975 7±1.503 9)%]、曲安奈德组[(1.169 3±0.386 1)%]、IFN-γ组[(1.532 0±0.526 5)%]的Th17细胞比例都不同程度升高(F=51.532,P<0.05),除曲安奈德组、IFN-γ组间比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余各组间比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组[(22.939 3±2.099 5)%]相比,致敏组[(8.223 2±2.188 8)%]、曲安奈德组[(14.087 5±1.369 6)%]、IFN-γ组[(16.614 3±1.621 70)%]的Treg细胞比例不同程度降低(F=97.107,P<0.05),除曲安奈德组、IFN-γ组间比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余各组间比较有统计学意义(P<0.0083);与对照组[(5.076 9±1.435 6)pg/mL]相比,致敏组[(34.900 5±11.670 8)pg/mL]、曲安奈德组[(9.733 8±1.828 9)pg/mL]、IFN-γ组[(10.524 6±2.118 0)pg/mL]的IL-17A浓度升高(F=27.173,P<0.05),除曲安奈德组、IFN-γ组间比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余各组间比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组[(431.881 6±67.326 2)pg/mL]相比,致敏组[(173.886 2±41.708 2)pg/mL]、曲安奈德组[(246.053 3±13.841 2)pg/mL]、IFN-γ组[(290.012 7±22.885 6)pg/mL]的TGF-β1浓度降低(F=36.623,P<0.05),各组间比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组大鼠黏膜相比,致敏组大鼠黏膜增厚、水肿,有大量炎性细胞浸润,细胞排列紊乱,杯状细胞增生,纤毛几乎不可见;曲安奈德组大鼠鼻黏膜层较致敏组变薄,水肿明显改善,炎性细胞明显降低,纤毛有所生长。IFN-γ组大鼠鼻黏膜层较致敏组变薄,水肿改善,仅见少量炎性细胞,纤毛有所生长。 结论 AR大鼠外周血中Th17、Treg细胞比例异常,伴有细胞因子IL-17A、TGF-β1表达水平的异常。IFN-γ可能通过下调AR大鼠外周血中Th17细胞比例及降低IL-17A水平,同时上调Treg细胞的比例及升高TGF-β1水平,对AR发挥治疗作用。
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