Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences) ›› 2019, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (5): 105-109.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2018.1405

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A clinical study of 5 cases of leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 protein antibody associated limbic encephalitis

LI Hongyan1, FANG Lei2, ZHANG Hongying3, SU Yuan1, LI Ling1   

  1. 1. Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University(Qingdao), Qingdao 266035, Shandong, China;
    2. Department of Neurology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China;
    3. Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University(Qingdao), Qingdao 266035, Shandong, China
  • Published:2022-09-27

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Abstract: Objective To explore the clinical features, auxiliary examination results and therapeutic outcomes of leucine-rich glioma inactived-1 antibody(anti-LGI1)associated limbic encephalitis. Methods The clinical data of 5 cases of anti-LGI1 associated limbic encephalitis treated during July 2017 and May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, including the clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, radiological features, long-term video-electroencephalogram, treatments and prognosis. Results The patients were three male and two female. Memory deficit was observed in 4 cases, seizure in 3 cases, faciobrachial dystonic seizures(FBDS)in all cases, hyponatremia in 3 cases, and positive anti-LGI1 antibodies both in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood serum in all cases. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)showed no T2WI or flair-phase high signal in the medial temporal lobes in 5 cases, but high signal in basal ganglia in T1WI in 1 case. Long-term video-electroencephalographs of 4 cases showed frequent FBDS. All patients received immunotherapy. During the follow-up, seizure recurred in 2 cases, and mental disturbance recurred in 1 case. Conclusion Anti-LGI1 associated limbic encephalitis is an autoimmune encephalitis characterized by early memory loss, FBDS and seizure. It is often complicated with hyponatremia. Temporallobe and hippocampus are often involved. Immunotherapy is effective but relapses are common.

Key words: Leucine-rich glioma inactivated-1 protein, Limbic encephalitis, Memory loss, Faciobrachial dystonic seizures

CLC Number: 

  • R742
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