Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences) ›› 2026, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (7): 50-54.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2026.0066

• Clinical Medicine • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Bronchodilation testing to assess the different degrees of pulmonary function obstruction in 371 patients with asthma

LI Caiyu1, LI Yan1, XU Xiangyu2   

  1. 1. Department of Respiratory and Critcal Care Medicine;
    2. Department of Cardiology, The Second Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
  • Online:2026-07-10 Published:2026-07-21

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Abstract: Objective To explore the value of the bronchodilation test(BDT)in assessing the severity of obstruction in the different degrees of pulmonary function obstruction. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 371 patients(202 males, 169 females)diagnosed with asthma at the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2024. Based on baseline FEV1/FVC%(forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio)and FEV1%(forced expiratory volume in one second)predicted values, patients were stratified into three groups: the mild group(FEV1%≥70%, n=201), the moderate group(FEV1% being 50%-69%, n=93), and the severe group(FEV1%<49%, n=77). All patients underwent the BDT(inhaled salbutamol 400 μg), and lung function parameters(FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC%)were recorded before and after BDT. Results Positivity rates were significantly higher in the moderate(80.6%)and severe(79.2%)groups compared to the mild group(36.8%)(χ2=48.865,P<0.001; χ2=40.077, P<0.001). The patients in the mild, moderate and severe groups were 50(37, 60), 56(46, 65.5), and 53(44, 63)years old, respectively, with a statistically significant difference among groups(H=7.202, P=0.027). The cohort comprised 54.4% males and 45.6% females, with no statistically significant difference in sex distribution(χ2=5.904, P=0.052). In the mild group, the improvement in FEV1(190 mL )was significantly greater that that in FVC(130 mL), Z=-4.015, P<0.001. In the severe group, the improvement in FVC(340 mL)was significantly greater than that in FEV1(200 mL),Z=-4.297, P<0.001. After the bronchodilation, FEV1/FVC% increased significantly in both the mild and moderate groups(P<0.01). The FEV1/FVC% decreased in the severe group(P<0.001). Conclusion Compared with patients with mild asthma-related airway obstruction, those with moderate and severe obstruction had higher BDT positivity rates and were older. In patients with mild to moderate obstruction, the dilation test primarily results in improvement in FEV1, whereas patients with severe obstruction show significant improvement in FVC.

Key words: Asthma, Lung function, Bronchodilation test, Forced expiratory volume in one second, Forced vital capacity, Forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio

CLC Number: 

  • R562.2
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