Abstract: To summarize the longterm surval rate of the recipients receiving renal retransplantation. Methods：The clinical data of 41 cases of renal retransplantation between January 1999 and December 2005 were analyzed retrospectively. Of them, 18 underwent allograft nephrectomy (group 1) and 23 did not (group 2). The graft survival rate at 1, 3, and 5 years, the factors contributiving to the mortality and factors affecting the graft survival were observed. Results：The 1, 3, and 5year graft survival rates were 85.4％, 76.2％, and 65.8％, respectively, and those in group A and B were 88.9％ vs 82.6% (P >0.05); 74.7% vs 77.1% (P>0.05), and 62.2% vs 68.5% (P>0.05), respectively. Acute rejection (AR) rates were not significantly different between groups A (33.3%) and B (30.4%) (P>0.05). Incidence of AR was higher in patients with positive PRA, however, antibodyinducing therapy could lower the incidence of AR. Conclusions：Graft nephrectomy before retransplantation can not lengthen the longterm survival, and high quality of HLA matching and antibodyinducing therapy may improve the longterm survival rate of graft.

Key words: Kidney transplantation, Survival rate, Reoperation, Postoperative complications