欧洲人群饮食因素与认知功能障碍关系的孟德尔随机化分析

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2024.1091

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨饮食因素与认知功能的可能因果效应。方法利用全基因组关联研究(genome-wide association studies, GWAS)数据,采用逆方差加权法(inverse-variance weighted, IVW)、加权中位数(weighted median, WM)、MR Egger回归(MR-Egger regression)进行孟德尔随机化(Mendelian randomization, MR)分析,评估饮食因素与认知功能的因果关系。同时,进行异质性检验、敏感性分析、多效性分析。结果奶酪摄入量(IVW: OR=1.92, 95%CI: 1.54~2.40, P<0.01)、干果摄入量(IVW: OR=1.64, 95%CI: 1.07~2.53, P=0.03)与认知功能存在正向因果关系,酒精摄入频率(IVW: OR=0.79, 95%CI: 0.71~0.87, P<0.01)、猪肉摄入量(IVW: OR=0.47, 95%CI: 0.24~0.91, P=0.03)与认知功能呈负相关。且所有结果均不存在多效性,留一法亦提示所得结果稳健。其他饮食因素未发现与认知功能具有因果关系。结论奶酪摄入量、干果摄入量增加与认知功能障碍风险降低有关,酒精摄入频率、猪肉摄入量增加与认知功能障碍风险增加有关,但仍需更大的GWAS数据进一步验证这种关系,同时研究其中潜在关联机制,以支持该结论。此外,其他饮食因素未发现与认知功能具有因果关系。

关键词: 饮食因素, 奶酪, 干果, 酒精, 猪肉, 认知功能, 孟德尔随机化

Abstract: Objective To explore the potential causal effects of dietary factors on cognitive function. Methods Utilizing genome-wide association studies(GWAS)data, Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to assess the causal relationship between dietary factors and cognitive function, employing the inverse-variance weighted(IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger regression. Heterogeneity tests, sensitivity analyses, and pleiotropy analyses were also performed. Results The results demonstrated positive causal relationships between cognitive function and cheese consumption(IVW: OR=1.92, 95%CI: 1.54-2.40, P<0.001)as well as dried fruit intake(IVW: OR=1.64, 95%CI: 1.07-2.53, P=0.03). Conversely, negative causal relationships were observed between cognitive function and alcohol consumption frequency(IVW: OR=0.79, 95%CI: 0.71-0.87, P<0.001)as well as pork intake(IVW: OR=0.47, 95%CI: 0.24-0.91, P=0.03). No pleiotropy was detected in all results, and the leave-one-out method suggested the robustness of the findings. No causal relationship was found between other dietary factors and cognitive function. Conclusion Increased consumption of cheese and dried fruits are associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment, while higher frequency of alcohol consumption and increased pork intake are associated with an elevated risk of cognitive impairment. However, larger GWAS datasets are still needed to further validate these relationships, along with studies investigating the potential underlying mechanisms to support these conclusions. Additionally, no significant causal relationships are observed between other dietary factors and cognitive function.

Key words: Dietary factors, Cheese, Dried fruit, Alcohol, Pork, Cognitive function, Mendelian randomization

中图分类号:

R395

李建锋,张展,丁新华,高奋堂,何勤利,谢萍. 欧洲人群饮食因素与认知功能障碍关系的孟德尔随机化分析[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2025, 63(4): 36-43.

LI Jianfeng, ZHANG Zhan, DING Xinhua, GAO Fentang, HE Qinli, XIE Ping. Mendelian randomization analysis of dietary factors and cognitive impairment in European populations[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2025, 63(4): 36-43.

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