Abstract: Objective: To explore the effect of aparoscope or/and ventriculoscope on hydrocephalus. Methods:　Ninetythree cases of hydrocephalus were treated by aparoscope or/and ventriculoscopic techniques. Among them, 52 cases were subjected to ventriculohepatodiaphramatic space shunt under aparoscope; 41 cases were treated under ventriculoscope, of them, 23 cases were subjected to septa pellucidum fistulation, 18 cases to choroid plexus electrofulguration, 18 cases of occlusive hydrocephalus neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy, 11 cases of cyst fistulation in ventricle, 8 cases to adjustment of the shunt channel ventricle tip, 7 cases of saddle cystic tumor combined with hydrocephalus neuroendoscopy, 5 cases of ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt by neuroendoscopy combined with laparoscopy, and 3 cases of pineal tumor combined with hydrocephalus neuroendoscopy. Results:　After a followup of 3 months to 4 years, the ventriculohepatodiaphramatic space shunt for hydrocephalus under aparoscopy was superior to routine ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus. Of the 41 cases treated by ventriculoscopy, 35 improved and 6 did not. Conclusion: Most hydrocephalus can be treated by neuroendoscopy or ventriculoscopy associated with aparoscopy.

Key words: Laparoscopes, Endoscopy, nervous system, Hydrocephalus, Clinical protocols