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山东大学学报 (医学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (5): 8-14.doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0273

• 医学病毒的基础与临床研究进展专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

病毒疫苗的研发现状及展望

王凯*()   

  1. 山东大学齐鲁医院肝病科 山东大学肝病研究所, 山东 济南 250012
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-10 出版日期:2021-05-10 发布日期:2021-06-01
  • 通讯作者: 王凯 E-mail:wangdoc876@126.com; wangdoc2010@163.com
  • 作者简介:王凯，医学博士，博士后，二级教授，主任医师，博士研究生导师。现为山东大学齐鲁医院肝病科创建人、学术带头人，山东大学肝病研究所所长，国家感染性疾病临床医学研究中心山东省分中心负责人。兼任国家卫健委合理用药专家委员会抗菌药物专业组专家，全省流行病传染病防控和应急处置中医药专家委员会成员，中华医学会医学病毒学分会委员，中国医师协会感染科医师分会常务委员，国家肿瘤微创治疗产业技术创新战略联盟副主任委员，中国微生物学会干扰素与细胞因子专业委员会副主任委员，中国研究型医院学会感染病学专业委员会常务委员，山东省医学会医学病毒学分会主任委员，山东省医学会感染病学分会名誉主任委员，山东省医师协会感染科医师分会名誉主任委员等。青岛市拔尖人才，山东大学齐鲁医学院杰出医学专家，第十届吴阶平医学研究奖-保罗·杨森药学研究奖获得者。长期从事肝脏疾病的医疗、教学和科研工作。在肝衰竭、肝硬化、肝癌、病毒性肝炎、药物性肝病、脂肪肝及自身免疫性肝病等疾病的诊治方面具有丰富的临床经验，对晚期肝癌采用中西医结合治疗，明显改善了患者的生活质量，延长了带瘤生存期。以课题负责人身份承担国家科技重大专项任务、国家科技支撑计划、国家自然科学基金等多项课题。以通讯作者在国内外核心期刊发表论文100余篇，其中SCI收录80余篇。主编《中西医结合肝胆病治疗学》《肝胆病学》《临床肝病治疗学》《简明临床肝病学》等专著。获得授权国家发明专利10余项，新申请国家发明专利8项，有5项专利成果实现转让。近年来以第一完成人获山东省科学技术奖二等奖2项、三等奖1项。多项科研成果在企业完成转化并落地投产，是“饮久舒”等产品的发明人
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10302206);国家科技重大专项(2017ZX10202202)

Current status and prospect of viral vaccines research and development

Kai WANG*()   

  1. Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University; Institute of Hepatology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
  • Received:2021-03-10 Online:2021-05-10 Published:2021-06-01
  • Contact: Kai WANG E-mail:wangdoc876@126.com; wangdoc2010@163.com

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摘要：

病毒感染可引起人体多种疾病的发生，近年来冠状病毒引起的呼吸道传染病，特别是新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)在世界范围内的暴发和流行，严重威胁了人类的生命健康，对公共卫生安全造成了巨大挑战。病毒疫苗的研发和使用是应对病毒传播与流行的重要手段。脊髓灰质炎、乙型肝炎病毒等病毒疫苗的成功研制和应用有效地抑制了疾病的流行，为其他病毒疫苗的开发提供了范本。重组病毒载体及mRNA疫苗等新技术和新平台的出现，为包括COVID-19在内的新兴传染病病毒疫苗的研发提供了新的解决方案。本文主要综述了目前病毒疫苗的主要研发平台及其相关进展，并总结了病毒疫苗研发中仍亟待解决的问题，对未来病毒疫苗的发展方向进行展望。

关键词: 病毒疫苗, 冠状病毒, 重组病毒载体, mRNA疫苗, 抗体依赖的增强效应

Abstract:

Virus infection can cause several diseases in human. In the past decades, outbreaks and epidemics of respiratory infectious diseases caused by coronary viruses, especially coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have become serious health hazards and posed huge challenges to public health. The development and application of viral vaccines have been an important means to counteract the spread of viruses. Historically, poliovirus and hepatitis B virus vaccines have successfully suppressed the transmission of diseases and provided a model for the development of vaccines. Recently, the emergence of novel technologies and platforms such as recombinant viral vector and mRNA vaccine has provided new approaches to the development of vaccines against emerging infectious diseases including COVID-19. This paper reviews the current situation and progress of platforms, summarizes problems to be solved, and forecasts the directions of viral vaccines development.

Key words: Viral vaccine, Coronavirus, Recombinant viral vector, mRNA vaccine, Antibody-dependent enhancement

中图分类号: 

  • R186
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