Table of Content

  

16 April 2010
Volume 48 Issue 4

Articles


Articles

Forecasting value of hyperglycemia on  prognosis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease

LI Guohua1,2, WANG Cuilan1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  1-4. 

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Objective  To determine  the forecasting value of postadmission hyperglycemia on prognosis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Methods  150 patients with a first ischemic stroke and without prior diagnosis of diabetes mellitus were enrolled. Random plasma glucose levels were measured on admission and fasting glucose on days 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7. Hyperglycemiaon admission was defined as a glucose level ≥7.8mmol/L. Postadmission hyperglycemia was diagnosed if the mean postadmission fasting glucose level was≥6.1mmol/L. Results  After multivariable adjustment, postadmission hyperglycemia was associated with higher risk of death.（ 95%CI: 1.39-2.86, P<0.01), no matter finche admission hyperglycemia group or the admission normoglycemia group (HR: 4.83, 95%CI: 1.93-12.06, P<0.01; HR: 1.64, 95%CI: 1.06-2.54, P=0.03).  In patients with admission hyperglycemia, glucose normalization after admission was associated with reduced risk of death compared to those with persistent hyperglycemia (HR: 0.21, 95%CI: 0.08-0.52). The patients who were normoglycemic on day 1 and developed hyperglycemia in the next days had an increased risk of death compared to persistent normoglycemic patients (HR: 1.55, 95%CI: 1.01-2.39, P=0.04). Conclusions  Postadmission  hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of death and has a forecasting value on prognosis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Glucose normalization after admission is associated with higher survival rate.

Level and injury mechanism of AGEs in the vascular system of insulin resistance rats and protective effects of Pioglitazone

HOU Liang, LIU Xueping, YUAN Shuhua, WANG Meixia, XU Song

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  5-9. 

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Objective  To explore the level and injury mechanism of advanced glycosylation end products(AGES) in the vascular system of rats with insulin resistance and the protective effects of Pioglitazone. Methods  6-8-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group (NC group，  n=10), the insulin resistance group (IR group，  n=13) and the Pioglitazone group (PIO group，  n=13).The latter two groups were developed into the insulin resistance model. The PIO group were given Pioglitazone 10mg/ (kg·d) by gavage for 12 weeks.  Expressions of advanced glycosylation end products were detected by immunofluorescence. The mRNA expression levels of RAGE and NADPH oxidase p47phox were detected by RT-PCR respectively. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect expression of RAGE and phosphor-NF-Кb protein. Results  Compared with the IR group,  expression of AGEs decreased in PIO group. Expression of AGEs in the two groups was significantly higher than in the NC group. RAGE, NADPH oxidase P47phox, and mRNA expressions in the IR group and the PIO group were significantly higher than that in the NC group(P<0.01).But, in the PIO group  expression of these indicators  decreased in comparison with the IR group (P<0.05).RAGE and phosphor-NF-Кb protein expression in the PIO group were reduced in comparison with the IR group (P<0.05), while in the other two groups, RAGE and phosphor-NF-Кb protein expressions  were significantly stronger than the NC group (P<0.01). Conclusions  Expression of AGEs protein is increased in the vascular system of rats with insulin resistance, which can promote oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Pioglitazone can inhibit  oxidative stress and the inflammatory response by decreasing  expression of AGEs and RAGE and the activation of NF-Кb to reverse the vascular injury.

Effects of astragalus on expression of Apelin/APJ in human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to high glucose

WEI Xiujuan1，　WU Yinan1，　JIANG Hong2，　MIAO Qing3，　WANG Rong2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  10-14. 

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Objective  To investigate the effects of astragalus on expression of Apelin/APJ in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to high glucose and to search for the effective mechanism of astragalus on HUVECs. Methods  According to the requirements of the experiment, cultured HUVECs were divided into the normal control group, the high glucose group, the low concentration astragalus group（0.1g/L astragalus + high glucose）and the high concentration astragalus group（0.2g/L astragalus + high glucose）. When HUVECs were incubated in different concentrations of glucose and astragalus for 24h, proliferation activity of HUVECs was detected by cell counting Kit-8(CCK-8), morphological changes of HUVECs were observed under an inverted phase contrast microscope, and  expression of Apelin/APJ mRNA in HUVECs was investigated by RT-PCR techniques. Results  Compared with the normal control group,  the high glucose group had significantly decreased proliferation activity of HUVECs(P＜0.05); morphological destruction  of HUVECs in the high glucose group was observed under the microscope; and expression of Apelin/APJ mRNA in the high glucose group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05). Compared with the high glucose group, the low and high concentration astragalus groups had significantly increased proliferation activity of HUVECs (P＜0.05); morphological improvements of HUVECs in the low and high concentration astragalus groups were observed under the microscope; the expression of Apelin/APJ mRNA in the low and high concentration astragalus groups were significantly increased(P＜0.05). Conclusion  Astragalus can reduce the harmfulness of HUVECs exposed to high glucose, and it may be related to the up-regulation of Apelin/APJ mRNA in HUVECs.

Effect of the big Y chromosome on in vitro fertilization embryo transfer outcome

FAN Lingling, YAN Junhao, LI Yuan, GAO Qin, CHEN Zijiang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  15. 

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Objective  To study the effect of the big Y chromosome on in vitro fertilization embryo transfer outcome. Methods  Patients who completed in vitro fertilization fresh embryo transfer cycles at Reproductive Medical Center of Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2006 to December 2008 were selected. In the big Y group (33 patients, 47 treatment cycles), the male chromosome of the patients was a big Y of G banding and  their wives had no diseases which might influence the outcome of in vitro fertilizationembryo transfer. In the control group, all the other 6620 treatment cycles at the same period were involved. Results  There was no significant difference between the big Y group and the control group in  fertilization rate, cleavage rate, good-quality embryo rate, embryo imbed rate, pregnancy rate and early abortion rate（P＞0.05）, but the ratios of deformed babies and females at  birth were higher in the big Y group(P＜0.05). Conclusion  In conventional in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer cycles, there is no significant difference in embryonic development and recent pregnancy outcome between patients with the big Y chromosome  and  normal patients. Women whose husbands have big Y chromosomes undergoing  conventional in vitro fertilization embryo transfer cycles are more likely to give birth to girls.

Effect of keratinocyte growth factor on epidermis cell proliferation promoted by fibroblasts

SHAN Fei1, JIANG Duyin1, ZONG Xianlei1, FU Xiaobing2, LIU Junli3, ZHAO Jingjie3

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  18-22. 

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Objective  To prove that fibroblasts could produce and release the keratinocyte growth factor which can  promote epidermal cell proliferation. Methods  Fibroblasts and epidermal cells obtained from  prepuces were separately cultured. The transcription level of KGF in fibroblasts was measured by RT-PCR. ELISA was used to detect the level of KGF in the supernatant of fibroblast culture solution, which was used to culture epidermal cells. And then the cells were measured by cytometry, MTT assays and the immunofluorescence method. Results  The results of RT-PCR showed a high transcription level of KGF in fibroblasts. A high level of KGF was detected in the supernatant of fibroblast culture solution by ELISA. The results of cytometry and MTT assays showed that the supernatant of fibroblast culture solution could promote epidermal cell proliferation and keep their activities. The test of immunofluorescence proved that KGF in the supernatant of fibroblast culture solution could combine with the specific receptors on the surface of epidermal cells. Conclusion  Fibroblasts could synthesize and release the keratinocyte growth factor, which could be one of the main factors to promote epidermal cell proliferation.

Effects of resistant starch on intestinal function and aberrant crypt foci during the development of rat colorectal cancer induced by  Azoxymethane

MENG Yan1, CHEN Liyong2, XU Guifa1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  23-26. 

Abstract ( 1343 )   PDF (386KB) ( 202 )   Save

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Objective  To study the effect of resistant starch (RS) on intestinal function and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) for colorectal cancer in rats. Methods   A total of 50 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the negative control group，the positive control group and three different RS added groups (RS concentration was 7.6%, 15.2% and 22.8%). Rats in the positive control group were subcutaneously injected with azoxymethane (AOM) once a week in the second and third weeks. Rats in the negative control group were injected with saline. Animals in different RS added groups were given the same treatment as the positive control group and received the corresponding doses of RS. Rats in the control groups received ordinary feed. Body weights were recorded weekly throughout the study. Fecal pH was measured at the 5th weekend and the gastrointestinal transit time (GTT) measurement was carried out at the 7th weekend. Rats were killed on the 16th week. Colons of rats were removed to determine the ACF index. Results  Compared with the positive control group, the three RS added groups had an obviously reduced number of ACF and GTT(P＜0.01) . The fecal pH was significantly decreased due to the addition of RS to the diet (P＜0.05). Conclusion  RS is beneficial to maintain intestinal health and can reduce the formation of ACF, which might be one of the mechanisms of preventing colorectal cancer.

Effect of Qindan Capsule on arterial adventitial fibroblasts

REN Min1, ZHANG Jidong1, WANG Bo1，　LIU Ping2，　JIANG Hong3，　LIUGuilin1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  27. 

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Objective  To investigate the effect and mechanism of the Qindan Capsule-containing serum on adventitial fibroblasts(AFs). Methods  AFs were cultured by tissue explant in vitro and induced by TGF-β1. The proliferation of AFs affected by the Qindan Capsule-containing serum with high［750mg/（kg·d）］ or low［150mg/（kg·d）］ dose was detected by MTT. Protein and mRNA expressions of α-SM actin and Smad3 were observed by Western-blot and Real-time PCR respectively. Results  Both high and low doses of the Qindan Capsule-containing serum could reduce proliferation of AFs induced by TGF-β1（P＜0.05） and inhibit expressions of mRNA and protein of α-SM actin and Smad3（P＜0.05）. Conclusion  The Qindan Capsule-containing serum has significant improved and reverse effect on aortic vascular remodeling. The mechanism may be related to inhibiting  proliferation and differentiation of AFs through the  TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

Comparison of the effects of two doses of epinephrine during cardiopulmonary  resuscitation  in a swine model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation

MENG Xianglin, ZHONG Jingquan, SU Guoying, ZENG Qixian, LIU Hongzhen，LIU Donglin, WANG Yuanlong, LI Jingsha, ZHANG Yun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  32-35. 

Abstract ( 1174 )   PDF (348KB) ( 528 )   Save

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Objective  To compare the effects of two doses of epinephrine in a swine model of pronged ventricular fibrillation. Methods  Sixteen domestic swine were randomly divided  into two groups and received a standard dose of epinephrine (Sepi-gro, 0.02mg/kg) or  a high dose of epinephrine (Hepi-gro, 0.1mg/kg) . Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was electrically induced and sustained for eight minutes. Then 2 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, shock and epinephrine were successively given. Hemodynamics and restoration of spontaneous circulation（ROSC) were observed. Results  ROSC rates were identical in both groups. Hemodynamics and successful defibrillation rate had no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion  A high dose of Epinephrine does not i
mprove hemodynamics, ROSC rate   and successful defibrillation rate.

Effect of simvastatin on inflimmation in chronic obstructive  pulmonary disease rat model

CHEN Xudong， WANG Wei， WANG Yongbin

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  36. 

Abstract ( 1282 )   PDF (544KB) ( 252 )   Save

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Objective  To observe the effect of simvastatin on inflammatory factors and lung pathology of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rat model, and to investigate the therapeutic action of simvastatin on COPD. Methods  The COPD rat model was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide twice and exposure to daily cigarette. 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: the normal control group, the COPD model group and simvastatintreated group. The simvastatin treated group was treated with  2.5mg/kg simvastatin daily from the end of the second week for 6 weeks. The weight growth of each group, and total and differential cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were observed and  the pathomorphological changes in the lung were analyzed. IL-8 and TNF-α levels in BALF and serum, and CRP level in the serum were determined. Results  The weight growth rate of the simvastatin treated group was significantly higher than that of the COPD model group(P＜0.05). Pathological changes of COPD were observed in the COPD rat model. Airway inflammation was significantly increased in the COPD model group and emphysema was observed, which also appeared in the simvastatin treated group to a lighter degree. The total inflammatory cells and the proportion of neutrophils in BALF increased in the COPD model group compared with  the normal control group, while they were  significantly decreased in the simvastatin treated group(P＜0.05). IL-8 and TNF-α levels in BALF and serum were more significantly decreased  in the simvastatin treated group than in the COPD model group (P＜0.05), and CRP level in the serum also decreased in the simvastatin treated group (P＜0.05). Conclusion  Simvastatin can reduce inflammatory factors in BALF and the serum of the COPD rat model and decrease  inflammation of the lung tissue and airway. So simvastatin can inhibit the inflammation of the COPD rat model.

Construction of recombinant prokaryotic expression plasmid of human high mobility group box1 and its expression and purification

CUI Bin1，2, WANG Laicheng2, ZHU Min2, JIAO Yulian2, XIN Wei2,MA Chunyan2, ZHANG Jie2, ZHAO Yueran2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  40-44. 

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Objective  To construct the prokaryotic expression plasmid of human high mobility group box1 (hHMGB1) gene,  and to express and purify the His-tagged hHMGB1 fusion protein. Methods  According to the sequence reported in GenBank, we optimized codons by OptimumGeneTM and synthesized the human HMGB1 gene. To construct prokaryotic expression plasmid pQE-T7-2/HMGB1, the DNA fragment obtained from PCR was digested with NdeⅠ and XhoⅠ, and then inserted into pQE-T7-2 that was cut with the same enzymes. The recombinants were screened by colony PCR, restriction mapping and sequencing. The recombinant E.coli BL21 (DE3) was induced for expression with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), and the recombinant protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The recombinant human HMGB1 was further purified by Ni-NTA Agarose. Results  The prokaryotic expression plasmid pQE-T7-2/HMGB1 was successfully constructed. The expressed recombinant protein accounted for about 20% of the total bacterial proteins. The recombinant protein could specifically react with antiHMGB1 antibody and anti-His antibody. The purity of recombinant human HMGB1 separated with affinity chromatography was more than 90%. Conclusion  The recombinant prokaryotic expression vector of human HMGB1 which was successfully constructed may lay the foundation for the  further study of the function of human HMGB1.

Effect of 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine on SOCS-1 gene expression, proliferation and apoptosis in RPMI8226 cells

LU Fei, LIU Chuanfang, MA Daoxin, LIU Yanping，KONG Haili, ZHANG Jingjing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  45. 

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Objective  To investigate the effect of DNA methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) on transcription regulation of SOCS-1 gene and the molecular biological behaviors in RPMI8226 cells. Methods  The RPMI8226 cells were treated with different doses of 5-Aza-CdR，  and MTT was used to detect the proliferation of RPMI8226 cells. The apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry.  Real-time PCR was used to examine expression of the SOCS-1 gene.  Results   5-Aza-CdR significantly inhibited  cell growth in dose and time dependent manners（P<0.05）.5-Aza-CdR increased the apoptosis rate of RPMI8226 cells as well as  in a dose-dependent manner. The apoptosis rates of RPMI8226 cells treated with 5-Aza-CdR at concentration of 0.1,0.5,,1.0,2.0,5.0μmol/L for 72 hours were （29.62±2.87）%,（39.98±2.53）%,（49.07±3.51）%,（60.15±4.54）and（69.88±3.49）% respectively. After treatment with different concentrations of 5-Aza-CdR for 72h, cells were arrested in G (0)/G (1) phase in contrast to the control group (P<0.05).  Real-time PCR results showed that there were few SOCS-1 genes expressed in RPMI8226 cells after treatmean with 5-Aza-CdR for 72h,  and expression level of SOCS-1 was increased significantly in a concentration-dependent manner(P<0.05). Conclusion  5-Aza-CdR could narkedly inhibit the proliferation of RPMI8226 cells and induce cell apoptosis, which might be related to demethylation and reexpression of the SOCS-1 gene in RPMI8226 cells.

Effects of dynamic culture on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in the 3D porous scaffold

LI Deqiang1, LIU Peilai1, TANG Tingting2, LU Jianxi2, ZHANG Yuankai1, LI Deqiang1, LIU Peilai1, TANG Tingting2, LU Jianxi2, ZHANG Y

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  49-53. 

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Objective  To study the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs seeded in the three dimensional porous scaffold and cultured in a dynamic environment. Methods   Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from human bone marrow and cultured. After passage and proliferation,  human BMSCs were seeded on the porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold and cultured in a dynamic perfusion environment. After 28 days of culture,  cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and the secretion of osteopontin and osteocalcin were measured. The calcification of the extracellular matrix was observed through SEM, histological assay and histomorphometry. A static culture was used as a control. Results  After 28 days of culture, the proliferation of cells and expression of alkaline phosphatase activity were higher in the dynamic culture group than that in the static culture group. In the culture period, the secretion of osteopontin and osteocalcin were higher in the dynamic culture group than that in the static culture group. In the static culture group, human BMSCs only survived and proliferated on the periphery of the β-TCP scaffold and the new bone volume was lower than in the dynamic culture group. However, in the dynamic culture  condition,cells survived and proliferated on the whole scaffold, and the new bone volume was more than that in the static culture group. Conclusion  The dynamic culture environment benefits the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human BMSCs in the three dimensional porous scaffold.

Effects of immune complexes on monocytemacrophages

QU Yunyun, MA Chunyan, ZHU Min, LIU Xiaowen, SUN Xinping, XU Jie, ZHAO Yueran

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  54-58. 

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Objective  To study the effects of immune complexes on proliferation, cytokine secretion and phagocytosis of monocyte macrophages in vitro. Methods  The immune complexes group：necrosis supernatant + Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) serum;  five control groups: the (necrosis supernatant + normal human serum) group, the necrosis supernatant group, the SLE serum group, the normal serum group and the medium group, all groups were applied to U937 cells and macrophages induced from U937 cells. 24 hours later, U937 cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay, Tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α) and B cell activating factor (BAFF) were determined by RT-PCR, neutral red colorimetric assay phagocytosis of macrophages. Results  Compared with the control groups, immune complexes could significantly promote the proliferation of U937 cells (P<0.05), TNF-a and BAFF mRNA expression levels were significantly increased (P<0.05), and immune complexes could significantly inhibit the phagocytosis of macrophages (P<0.05). Conclusion  Immune complexes can cause abnormal activation of the mononuclear phygocyte system (MPS), which leads to increased production and decreased removal of immune complexes. Thus, immune complexes are involved in the occurrence and development of SLE.

Inhibitory effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on motor neuron apoptosis  during cervical chronic spinal cord compression in rats

NING Bin1, ZHANG Aijun2, JIA Tanghong1, SONG Hongliang1, GUO Shuya1, GONG Weiming1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  59-63. 

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Objective  To investigate effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on chronic cervical spinal cord compression in rats. Methods  80 Wistar rats were randomly separated into 4 groups. Control rats (group A) received sham operations (n=5) and were executed by laminectomy. Experimental rats were subjected to compression injury in the C5 segment of the spinal cord by posterior progressive compression and subsequently subdivided into 3 groups. Group B (n=25) was treated with 1mL saline by IV. Groups C (n=25) and D (n=25) were treated with 500u/(kg·d) and 5000u/(kg·d) rhEPO by IV respectively. Limb motor function was scored using BBB standards 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28d after injury. The distribution and quantities of EPO and EPO-R in the compressed segment of the spinal cord were determined by immunobiochemical assay. Finally, apoptosis in the spinal cord was evaluated using TUNEL staining and flow cytometry at indicated time points. Results  The data indicated that expression of EPO-R increased significantly with aggravative level of chronic cervical spinal cord compression, as groups C and D exhibited higher BBB scores at all observed time points compared with group B(P＜0.01). Using TUNEL staining and FCM, we observed that rhEPO could profoundly inhibit motor neuron apoptosis in the spinal cord (P＜0.01) on day 21. Additionally, rhEPO treatment demonstrated a strong dose-dependent effect. Conclusions  rhEPO administration decreases motor neuron apoptosis in the spinal cord and improves spinal cord and motor functions following chronic cervical spinal cord compression. Moreover, continuing treatment with low doses of rhEPO shows a positive therapeutic effect.

Dynamic observation of the restoration of renal function in dogs after re-canalization of unilateral ureteral obstruction

GAO Li， WANG Shuzhen， WANG Tong， YANG Fuyong

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  64-66. 

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Objective  To perform dynamic observation of the restoration of renal function at different time points after re-canalization of ureteral obstruction. Methods  Twentyfour dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups to produce the ureteral obstruction model by ligation of the left ureter. The ureteral recanalization was done 1, 4, or 8 weeks after the ligation, and radionuclide（99mTc-DTPA）scanning was carried out before or after obstruction and the two weeks or four months after recanalization. Changes of images of the restoration of renal function were observed and glomerular filtration rate(GFR) was calculated. Results  The renal function in dogs that received re-canalization 1 week after ureteral obstruction was fully restored to normal level; renal function in dogs of 4 weeks obstruction was only partially restored after re-canalization; no restoration of renal function was observed in dogs that received re-canalization 8 weeks after obstruction. Conclusions  Duration of the ureteral obstruction is the key factor affecting the recovery of renal function in dogs. The better restoration of renal function depends on early ureteral recanalization.

Association of DBP gene polymorphism and risk of multiple sclerosis in Han people of Shandong Province

LI Xiaohong1,2, LI Yun1, WANG Banqin1, LIU Shilian1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  67. 

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Objective  To investigate the association of two polymorphisms (codon 416 and codon 420) in the DBP gene and multiple sclerosis(MS) in Han people of Shandong province. Methods  The cas-control study involving 46 patients with clinically determined multiple sclerosis (MS) and 43 healthy controls. DBP gene polymorphisms at codon 416 (digested by Hae Ⅲ) and 420 (digested by styⅠ)  were determined by polymerase chain reaction with the following restriction analysis of ampliaticfions. Result  There was no significant distinctions of genotypes frequencies and allele frequencies between control group and the patients with multiple sclerosis. Conclusion  DBP gene polymorphism is not associated with risk of development of multiple sclerosis in Han people of Shandong Province.

Expressions of SnailmRNA and protein in hepatocellular carcinoma

SUN Dan1， SUN Chenggang1， WANG Feng2， LI Tao1， ZHU Yuhua1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  70-73. 

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Objective  To investigate expressions of Snail mRNA and protein and the relationship of expression with invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods  Expression of the Snail protein was detected by the immunohistochemical SP method in 70 cases of HCC tissues and their para-tumour tissues. Expression of SnailmRNA were detected by RT-PCR in 40 cases of fresh HCC tissues and their para-tumour tissues. Correlations of  expressions of Snail protein and SnailmRNA with clinicopathological features were analyzed. Results  Expression of Snail protein was significantly higher in cancer tissues than in paratumour tissues(P<0.05). Expression of Snail protein in carcinoma tissue was correlated with capsular invasion, portal vein invasion and intra-hepatic metastasis(P<0.05). Expression of SnailmRNA was significantly higher in cancer tissues than in para-tumour tissues(P<0.05). Expression of SnailmRNA in carcinoma tissue was correlated with capsular invasion and portal vein invasion but was not correlated with intrahepatic metastasis(P<0.05). Conclusion  The malignant transformation, invasion and metastasis of HCC  may be related to over-expressions of SnailmRNA and protein and Snail is expected to become a new target for the treatment of liver cancer.

Protective effect of bFGF on retinal ganglion cells under high intraocular pressure in rabbits

YANG Xiaoran1, LI Yun1, GONG Lei1, XIAO Ying2, GUO Haiyan1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  74. 

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Objective  To observe the protective function of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on retinal ganglion cells under high intraocular pressure (HIP) in rabbits. Methods  27 healthy New Zealand rabbits were used in this study.  Among them, 3 rabbits were selected as the (normal) control group.  In the other 24 rabbits, carbomer was injected into the anterior chamber to make HIP models. The two eyes of each HIP model were randomly selected as the HIP eye and the bFGF treatment eye, and 0.1mL PBS and 0.1mL bFGF were injected into the two anterior chambers respectively 1, 2 and 3 weeks after operation. The intraocular pressure was observed everyday and kept at more than 30mmHg. Then 6 rabbits were sacrificed each week to count the number and observe the morphologic change of retinal ganglion cells. Results  The number of retinal ganglion cells was decreased in both bFGF treatment eyes and HIP eyes especially in the HIP eyes from the 2nd (2ed) week（P＜0.05）. Bcl-2 expression was higher in bFGF treatment eyes than in HIP eyes from the 3rd week（P＜0.01）. Under an electron microscope, the morphology of retinal ganglion cells was less changed in (the) bFGF treatment eyes and complete crista was seen in part of the mitochondria. Conclusion  bFGF can protect retinal ganglion cells against HIP as a kind of neurotrophic factor.

Changes of microalbuminuria and serum high molecular weight-adiponectin in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome

HUANG Kunling1,　WANG Liqi2,　ZHU Shiming2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  78-82. 

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Objective  To compare the differences of microalbuminuria(MAU) and serum high molecular weight-adiponectin(HMW-ADP) between essential hypertensive patients and hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome(MS)，and to explore the association of MAU and HMW-ADP in hypertensive patients with MS. Methods  68 essential hypertensive patients were enrolled and divided into two groups by the definition of MS: the  MS and hypertension group (n=33) and the pure  hypertension group (n=35). The urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio（ACR） was measured by radioimmunoassay. Serum HMW-ADP was determined by sandwich ELISA. Results  The MAU level was higher and the level of serum HMW-ADP was lower in the MS and hypertension group than in the hypertension group（P＜0.01）． Pearson correlation analysis showed that HMW-ADP was not correlated with ACR（P＞0.05）. Binary logistic regression showed that fasting plasma glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, ACR and HMW-ADP were associated with the development of MS in hypertensive patients(P＜0.05-0.01). Conclusions  MS aggravates kidney damage in hypertensive patients. HMW-ADP is not correlated with ACR. Increase of ACR and decrease of HMW-ADP promote development of MS in patients with hypertension．

Clinical significance of vascular endothelial growth factor C and CD44v6 expressions in human non-small cell lung cancer

MENG Long, ZHANG Yangde, WANG Yibing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  83-86. 

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Objective  To investigate expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C) and CD44v6 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to explore their association with invasion, metastasis and prognosis of NSCLC. Methods   A rapid immunohistochemical method (streptavidin peroxidase, SP) was used to detect VEGF-C and CD44v6 protein expressions in 56 paraffin-embedded resected NSCLC tissues retrospectively. All the patients were initially treated. Results    Expression rates of VEGF-C in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were 65.63%(21/32) and 66.67% (16/24) respectively. The positiv rates of CD44v6 expression in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were 56.25%(18/32) and 62.50%(15/24) respectively. The positive expressions of VEGF-C and CD44v6 were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P＜0.05), and also with post-operative hematogenous metastasis (P＜0.05). The 3- and 5-year survival rates of patients with positive VEGF-C expression were 18.79% and 7.24% respectively, whereas they were 66.23% and 59.55% in those with negative expression, and there was a significant difference in the survival rate between the two groups (P＜0.05). The 3- and 5-year survival rates were 17.73% and 11.04% in the CD44v6 positive expression group, and 68.26% and 54.33% in the negative expression group, and there was also a significant difference. VEGF-C had a correlation with the positive expression of CD44v6 (P＜0.05). Conclusion  Detection of VEGF-C and CD44v6 expressions in NSCLC is helpful to evaluate lymph node  metastasis, TNM stage and prognosis. It is also helpful to guide post-operative multiple modality therapy.

Relevance between  peripheral endothelial progenitor cells and  hepatic  artery-portal vein shunting in primary hepatic carcinoma

BU Xuehui, ZHENG Zhaomin, DU Wenjun, LIU Jingwen, CHEN Shijun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  87-90. 

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Objective  To study the relevance between the level of  peripheral endothelial progenitor cells（EPCs）and  hepatic artery-portal vein shunting（HA-PVS）in primary hepatic carcinoma（PHC）. Methods  The level of EPCs was detected by flow cytometry in 20  healthy controls, 22 chronic hepatitis B, 30 PHC without HA-PVS and 28 PHC with HA-PVS. Results  The proportion of EPCs in the peripheral  lymphocytes was (21.09±2.79), (12.72±3.05), (3.53 ±2.11) and (2.98±2.64)  in PHC with HA-PVS,  PHC without HA-PVS, the chronic hepatitis B and the healthy controls respectively. In the two cancer groups, the proportion of EPCs were significantly higher than that in the chronic hepatitis B group and in the healthy control (P<0.01). Compared with the PHC group without HA-PVS, the proportion of EPCs in the PHC group with HA-PVS was significantly higher (P<0.01). The rates of massive-liver cancer, spontaneous peritonitis and portal thrombosis were higher in the cancer group with HA-PVS, compared that in the cancer group without HA-PVS(P<0.01, P=0.031, P=0.036, P=0.044). Conclusions  The level of EPC in peripheral blood is correlated with the formation of HA-PVS in PHC. Expression of EPC in peripheral blood may reflect the clinical features of PHC on type, metastasis and prognosis.

Expression and function of the FLT3 gene in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes

ZHOU Liyun, SONG Qiang, LI Lizhen, ZHAO Chuanli, WANG Luqun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  91. 

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Objective  To investigate FLT3 expression and FLT3 length mutation (FLT3-LM) in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS)and their clinical implication. Methods  Mono-nucleus cells were extracted from the bone marrow of 38 patients with MDS and 10 with non-malignant blood diseases. PCR was used to examine FLT3 gene expression and FLT3-LM. Results   11 FLT3 gene expression was found in 11(28.9%) of the 38 patients with MDS. FLT3-LM were detected in 2(18.2%) of 11 the MDS patients. No FLT3-LM was found in the 10 controls(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in clinicohematological  features including age, hemoglobin level, platelet count, WBC count and PB blasts percentage between the ITD(+) and ITD(-) groups. Patients with FLT3/ITD(+) had a significantly higher percentage of BM blasts (P=0.102). Conclusion  The  FLT3 mutation represents an abnormality in MDS patients. FLT3LM could be helpful to the diagnosis, prognosis and target therapy of MDS.

Correlation between liver function state and stomach mucosal diseases in patients with chronic hepatitis B

LI Yuerong1，2， HAN Zenglu2， WANG Lei1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  94-97. 

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Objective  To investigate the correlation between different liver function states and the degree of stomach mucosal diseases in patients with chronic hepatitis B． Method  Thirty chronic hepatitis B patients with first onset, were examined by gastroscopy, and routine pathological examinations were performed．Liver function parameters，serum HBV DNA level and prothrombin time were tested and the correlation was analyzed． Results  The patients showed various stomach mucosal diseases and chronic superficial antral gastritis was predominate． Pathological examinations showed mild or intermediate chronic inflammation．Monovariate analysis indicated that sex， age， serum HBV DNA level had no significance between mild and intermediate chronic gastritis (P＞0.05)． Among the liver function parameters，albumin (ALB) and prothrombin time（PT）in mild chronic gastritis were significantly different from that in intermediate  chronic gastritis(P＜0.05)． Logistic regression indicated that prothrombin time prolongation can predict the degree of stomach mucosal disease in chronic hepatitis B patients， P=0.049， OR=2.105 (95%CI 1.0044.414)． Conclusion  Degrees of stomach mucosal diseases become more severe as liver function is aggravated in chronic hepatitis B patients． Prothrombin time may be predictor for the degree of stomach mucosal disease．

Clinical evaluation of percutaneous coronary intervention and influence of β-adrenergic blocker on female patients with coronary heart disease

XIN Hui1,2, GONG Huiping3, ZHANG Rui2, KANG Weiqiang4, GE Zhiming1, ZHANG Yun1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  98. 

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Objective  To evaluate the clinical characteristics in female patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and the protective influence of β-adrenergic blocker therapy on patients before PCI. Methods  We recruited 266 consecutive subjects with coronary heart disease (191 males, 75 females) treated withβ-adrenergic blocker before and after PCI. 50 consecutive subjects with coronary heart disease were also involved, but  they did not received βadrenergic blocker therapy. Data were examined for gender-specific differences regarding patients' characteristics, angiographic findings, procedural details and adverse events at 1 year after PCI. Also, a blood sample was collected from each subject to determine the levels of creatine kinase-MB, TNT, E and NE. Results   Compared with  male subjects, multi-vessel lesions were significantly higher in  female subjects. Also, women had significantly higher prevalence of cumulative vascular complications, renal failure and unadjusted mortality. E, NE, CKMB and TNT levels significantly increased before and after PCI in the female coronary heart disease subjects withoutβadrenergic blocker therapy compared with those treated with β-adrenergic blocker. Overall, female subjects withoutβadrenergic blocker therapy were more likely to have in-hospital major adverse cardiac events(MACE), recurrent angina, cardiac arrhythmias and vascular complications. Conclusion  Women who undergo PCI therapy for coronary heart disease often have severer coronary artery lesions and higher post-PCI complication and mortality rates. Oral administration of β-adrenergic blocker has a protective effect on female patients before PCI.

Application of multislice CT angiography  in living renal donors before nephrectomy

HAN Xue, WANG Qing, CUI Fengyu

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  102-105. 

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Objective  To explore the value of multi-slice CT angiography (MSCTA) in living renal donors before nephrectomy. Methods  40 potential living renal donors underwent MSCTA by using a Siemens dual-source CT scanner to evaluate renal vascular anatomy and variation before nephrectomy. Results  In 40 cases(80 kidneys), MSCTA demonstrated that 64 kidneys were supplied by a single branch of the renal artery; 67 kidneys were drained by a single branch of the renal vein; 16 kidneys had an accessory renal artery; 11 main renal arteries had early branches; 2 cases had blood vessel stenosis in the left renal artery or superior mesenteric artery and 1 case had a vascular loop in the left renal vein. 22 living renal donors in 40 cases underwent nephrectomy, and the intra-operative findings for renal blood vessels were consistent with the results of MSCTA. Conclusion  MSCTA can reveal the anatomy and variation of renal blood vessels, and is recommended to be the initial modality of choice for evaluating  renal blood vessels before nephrectomy in living renal donors.

Nipple preserving modified radical mastectomy and immediate breast  reconstruction with silicone prosthesis for breast cancer

GAO Dezong, ZHANG Qiang, LI Liang, LI Yuyang, YU Zhigang

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  106. 

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Objective  To evaluate the feasibility of immediate breast reconstruction(IBR) following nipple preserving modified radical mastectomy in treatment of breast cancer. Methods  IBR using silicon prosthetic implants following nipple preserving mastectomy was performed on 22 patients with breast cancer from February 2005 to April 2009. All patients were treated routinely after operation. Results  All reconstructions were successful. No localrecurrence and no remote metastasis were found in  the 22 patients during the follow up of 6-56 months. Excellent aesthetic results accounted for 90.9% of the cases, while 9.1% were poor. Partial nipple areola necrosis occurred in 2 patients that were cured by dressing change, and 2 patients had slight prosthetic implant displacement. Conclusion  The cosmetological effect of IBR following nipple preserving modified radical mastectomy in breast cancer is satisfactory. It is a simple, safe and effective operating procedure suitable for patients with early breast cancer.

Expression and significance of cyclin D1, cyclin E and p27 in transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis

HAN Letian, DING Kejia

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  109-112. 

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Objective  To investigate  expression and clinical significance of cell cycle regulatory factor D1 (cyclin D1), cell cycle regulatory factor E (cyclin E) and p27 in transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Methods  Expression levels of cyclin D1, cyclin E and p27 in surgical specimens from 63 patients were examined by immunohistochemistry. Pathological grading showed a G1 tumor in 12 cases, G2 in 40 and G3 in 11; TNM staging showed a Ta tumor in 4 cases, T1 in 9, T2 in 24, T3 in 17 and T4 in 9. Eleven  specimens obtained from normal renal pelvises served as the controls. Results  Cyclin D1 was weakly expressed and cyclin E was not expressed while p27 was strongly positive in normal pelvic tissue. In transitional cell carcinoma,  expressions of cyclin D1 and cyclin E were significantly increased (P＜0.05), while  expression of p27 was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). With the increasing of grades and stages in transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis,  expression rates of cyclin D1 and cyclin E increased while expression rate of p27 decreased (P＜0.05), and p27 expression was negatively related with cyclin D1 and cyclin E expression respectively(P＜0.05). Conclusion  Cyclin D1 and cyclin E over-expressions and p27 deactivation are found in transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. Combined detections of cyclin D1, cyclin E and p27 may help reveal the malignancy of transitional cell carcinoma and predict the prognosis.

Expression and significance of vasculogenic mimicry in intracranial hemangiopericytoma

HAN Yun， YANG Wei, FAN Shengqiang, XU Guangming

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  113-115. 

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Objective  To explore whether there is vasculogenic mimicry(VM) in intracranial hemangiopericytoma and its significance. Methods  Twelve intracranial hemangiopericytoma specimens were selected to undergo HE staining and double staining of CD34 and PAS to observe the existence of VM. Results  Positive staining for PAS and negatively for CD34 were seen in nine specimens of intracranial hemangiopericytoma and erythrocytes could be observed in all of those channels. Conclusion  VM exists in intracranial hemangiopericytoma tissues.

Expression and pathogenic role of aggrecanase and MMP in serum with osteoarthritis

LI Wen1, ZHANG Lei2, ZHANG Chengqi1, DU Chunling3, WANG Guangli4, YAN Xinfeng2, YU Hong2, SONG Shuxiang2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  116-119. 

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 Objective  To detect expression of ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5, MMP-1, MMP-3 in the serum of early and late osteoarthritis(OA) patients, and to explore the different effects of ADAMTS and MMP on OA patients. Methods  70 cases were divided into early OA(44 cases) and late OA(26 cases) groups according to Recht’s standard. The control group involved 30 cases. Expression of ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5, MMP-1, MMP-3 in the three groups were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)and represented by optical densities (OD).  Results  ADAMTS-4 had higher expression in the early OA group than  in the late OA group (P<0.05).  ADAMTS-5, MMP-1, MMP-3 had lower expression in the early OA group than  in the late OA group (P<0.05). Only a few ADAMTS-4,-5 and MMP-1 were expressed in the control group. Conclusion  Aggrecanases have high expression in the early and late OA groups and MMPs have high expression in late OA, and ADAMTS-4 has value in the early diagnosis of OA.

Observation of morphology of nerve fibers with a laser scanning confocal microscope after burns

WANG Yibing1，2， HE Jiantai1， FENG Yongqiang2， LI Xia3， ZHANG Rui4， ZHANG Yangde1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  120-123. 

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Objective  To observe the morphology of nerve fibers during reinnervation after burn. Methods  Neurofilaments of wound tissue after 1,2,3,4 weeks were determined by fluorescent immunohistochemistry. The morphology of nerves was evaluated under a fluorescent microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM). Results  Numbers of nerve fibers within 3 weeks were less than that of normal, while these post 3 weeks were increasing. Nerve fibers got gradually longer  and were arranged parallel or like a staggeredmesh with more branches and sprouting. Uneven thickness with some swelling, distortion and local fracture were found 3 weeks after burns. Conclusion  The three dimension structure of nerve fibers can  be obtained  with a LSCM and remodeling was found during the reinnervation after burns.

Investigation of expression of ABH and Lewis blood group antigens and their relationship to the biological behaviors of primary lung cancer

LI Jun1,2, WANG Zhou1, LI Shuhai3, LI Yu4

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  124-129. 

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Objective  To investigate  expression of ABH and Lewis histo-blood group antigens and their relationship to differentiation, tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis and prognosis of primary lung cancer. Methods  Expression of ABH and Lewis histo-blood group antigens (Lewisa、 Lewisb、 sialyLewisx and Lewisy) were detected in normal lung tissues (n=30),  primary lung cancers (n=143) and corresponding metastatic lesions (n=41) using the immunohistochemical SP method. Results  The positive expression ratios of A, B, AB and O blood groups were 49.02% (25/51), 55.56% (20/36), 35.00% (7/20) and 69.44%（25/36）respectively in lung cancers, and no significant difference was detected between these blood groups (P>0.05). The expression of Lewisa (P=0.045) and sialylLewisx (P=0.015) was significantly higher in lung cancer tissues than that in normal lung tissues. The absent expression of ABH was significantly associated with differentiation (P<0.001) and metastasis (P=0.004). The higher expression of sialyLewisx was significantly associated with differentiation (P<0.001) and metastasis (P<0.001).  The 5-year survival rate of patients without expression of ABH antigens was significantly lower than those with expression of ABH antigens (6% vs 32%, P<0.001). The 5-year survival rate of patients with expression of sialylLewisx was significantly lower than those without expression of sialylLewisx (7% vs 30%, P=0.0012). Conclusion  Abnormal expressions of ABH and Lewis antigens were detected in primary lung cancers. Their abnormal expressions were significantly associated with differentiation, metastaisis and prognosis. ABH and sialyLewisx antigens might be useful predictors of an aggressive phenotype and a potential therapeutic target in primary lung cancer.

Expressions of serum placental protein 13 and glycodelin in preeclampsia

SUN Yuan， CHEN Lijun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  130-132. 

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Objective  To investigate  expressions of serum placental protein 13(PP13) and glycodelin in preeclampsia. Methods  PP13 and glycodelin in peripheral blood were determined by ELISA in patients with preeclampsia（including mild preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia）and healthy controls. Results  ① The level of PP13 in the serum of the preeclampsia group was significantly higher than that of the controls（P＜0.01）, while the level of glycodelin in the serum of the preeclampsia group was significantly lower than that of the controls（P＜0.01）. ②　The level of PP13 in the serum of the mild preeclampsia group was significantly higher than that of the severe group(P＜0.01）, while the level of glycodelin in the serum of the mild preeclampsia group was not related with that of the severe group（P＞0.05）. ③　The level of PP13 was not related with the  level of glycodelin in the serum of patients with preeclampsia. ④　The level of serum PP13 correlated positively with  gestation. Conclusion  A abnormal expressions of PP13 and glycodelin may play a role in the occurrence and development of the disease. The level of serum PP13 is elevated along with the aggravated condition and may be an indicator of disease progression.

Clinical significance of the twinkling artifact on color Doppler sonography in  the diagnosis of renal stones

WEI Yun, LI Jie, SHI Dandan, XIAO Jing, LI Haiying, ZHOU Wei, SONG Yao, L Jianan

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  133-135. 

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 Objective  To study the twinkling artifact and acoustic shadowing of renal stones on Doppler sonography, and to evaluate the clinical significance of the twinkling artifact in the diagnosis of renal stones. Methods  With CT as a reference standard, renal stones were classified into groups of smaller than 5 mm, 5~10 mm and greater than 10 mm. The frequency of the twinkling artifact and acoustic shadowing in each different group was observed. Subjects were grouped as normal, overweight, or obese based on the body mass index (BMI). The correlation between the twinkling artifact of renal stones and BMI was assessed. Results  The detection rate of the twinkling artifact was much higher than that of acoustic shadowing in all groups, especially in the groups of smaller than 5 mm and 5~10 mm (P<0.01). No relationship between the twinkling artifact and BMI was found (P>0.05). Conclusion  The twinkling artifact is not influenced by stone size and BMI. It is useful in the diagnosis of renal stones, especially small stones with faint or absent posterior acoustic shadowing.

Expression of DC-LAMP and DC-SIGN on Dendritic cells in Psoriasis vulgaris

LIU Wenting， SUN Qing

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  136-138. 

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Objective  To investigate expression of DC-lysosomal-associated membrane protein(DC-LAMP）and Dendritic-cell specific ICAM-3 grabbing non-integrin(DCSIGN) on Dendritic cells in Psoriasis vulgaris, and to explore the role of DC-LAMP and DC-SIGN in Psoriasis vulgaris. Methods  Expressions of DC-LAMP and DC-SIGN in lesions of Psoriasis vulgaris and normal skin were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results  DC-LAMP were highly expressed in  keratinocytes in the basal layer and spinous layer of the epidermis and Dendritic cells in the dermis of Psoriasis vulgaris,while lowly expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis and Dendritic cells in the dermis of normal skin (P<0.01). DC-SIGN were highly expressed in keratinocytes of Psoriasis vulgaris and Dendritic cells in the dermis,while lowly expressed in keratinocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis and Dendritic cells in the  dermis of normal skin (P<0.01). Conclusion  The pathogenesis of Psoriasis vulgaris may be related with DC-LAMP and DC-SIGN. Denritic cells and keratinocytes might play antigen-presenting roles by expressing DC-LAMP and DC-SIGN involved in the immune reaction of Psoriasis.

Role of  quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI at 3.0 Tesla in differential diagnosis of hepatic masses

YANG Hui, YU Dexin, MA Xiangxing, ZHANG Xiaoming, LI Chuanfu

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  139. 

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Objective  To explore the role of some quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) at 3.0 Tesla in differential diagnosis of hepatic masses. Methods  DCE-MRI was performed on 113 patients with hepatic masses. The curve types of DCEMRI and some quantitative parameters including the maximum slop of increase (MSI), signal enhancement ratio (SER), positive enhancement integral (PEI), maximum slop of decrease (MSD), and peak value (PV) of hepatic masses were measured. The differences of the curve types and quantitative parameters in different hepatic masses were compared and analyzed. Results  There were significant differences in enhanced curve type between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other masses except for focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), between metastases and hemangioma FNH, as well as hepatic abscess, and between FNH and hemangioma as well as hepatic abscess (P<0.05). Also, there were significant differences in MSI, PEI, MSD, and PV between hemangioma and other masses, between HCC and other masses except for FNH, between FNH and metastases, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, as well as hepatic abscess, and between metastases and hepatic abscess (P<0.05). However, no difference in SER of the  six kinds of hepatic masses was found (P>0.05). Conclusion  There are some differences in enhanced curve types and quantitative parameters of DCE-MRI of  hepatic masses, and the combination of these two methods may be helpful for the differential diagnosis of hepatic masses.

Effect of pregnancy planning on primary prevention measures for neural tube defects

GONG Rui1, MENG Cai2, SUN Xihong1, WANG Zhiping1, ZHAO Zhongtang1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  142-146. 

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Objective  To find out the current situation of pregnancy planning of women at childbearing age, and to analyze the effects of pregnancy planning on promoting neural tube defects (NTD) primary prevention measures during the pre-conceptual and peri-conceptual periods. Methods  From January to February, 2008, using cross-sectional survey, we carried out interviews with all women of  childbearing age from Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Institutions in two counties randomly selected in Shandong Province about the implementation of the NTD primary prevention measures. Results  Among all the subjects, 68.7% had pregnancy planning for the last pregnancy and 31.3% did not. The pregnancy planning rates of women between 24 and 29 years old and those aged above 30 were 72.2% and 73.4% respectively, which were much higher than that of women aged 23 and below (P＜0.05). Pregnancy planning allowed women of childbearing age to carry out health education, genetic counseling, pre-concepual  health examinations and peri-conceptiual folic acid intake, the rates of which increased by 49.9%, 65.3%, 77.90% and 69.0% respectively;after adjusting the effects of other factors. Pregnancy planning and health education had synergistic effects on genetic counseling and preconcepual health examinations, RERI (relative excess risk due to interaction) being 4.59 and 4.26 respectively. Pregnancy planning and genetic counseling had synergistic effects on folic acid intake, RERI being 6.71. Conclusion  Pregnancy planning could significantly promote the implementation of NTD primary prevention measures and there exist synergistic effects between pregnancy planning and other primary prevention measures.

A case-control study on risk factors of intracranial tumors

WU Min1， LI Gang2, SUN Jinlong3, JIANG Yuquan2, WANG Jiezhen4

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  147-150. 

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Objective  To analyze the relationship between exposures and intracranial tumors.  Methods  A hospital-based case-control study including 264 cases of intracranial tumors and 273 controls was carried out and logistic regression model was used to explore the potential risk factors of intracranial tumors. Results  According to  univariate and multivariate logistic regression models,  passive smoking from spouse and colleagues, occupational touching gasoline or diesel fuel, and using an insecticide usually increased the risk of intracranial tumors, while alcohol consumption and beer alcohol consumption less than 9mL/d  decreased the risk. The OR and 95% CI of these factors were 1.777(1.103,2.861),1.911(1.095,3.334),4.298(1.008,18.314),1.728(1.000,3.049), 0.297(0.108,0.821) and 0.216(0.046,1.024). Conclusion  Risk factors of intracranial tumors are passive smoking from spouse and colleague,  touching gasoline, diesel fuel and insecticides, and protective factors are alcohol consumption and beer alcohol consumption less than 9mL/d. 

Effects of three kinds of sedative hypnotics on activity of aspirin esterase

ZHOU Hui1, YU Zongqin2, LI Jun3, LI Gang1, JI Hongsheng1

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  151. 

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Objective  To study the effects of  sedative hypnotics on the activity of aspirin esterase in vitro. Methods  The metabolic system of aspirin esterase in vitro was established in the laboratory. The separated plasma specimens were treated with the sedative hypnotics, and then the concentrations of aspirin and its metabolite (salicylic acid）in the plasma were determined by RP- HPLC. The ratio of salicylic acid (SA) and aspirin (ASA) represented the activity of aspirin esterase. Results  The effects of diazepam, midazolam and phenobarbital on the activity of aspirin esterase were  -10.71%（P＞0.05）, -27.94%（P＜0.05）and 8.83%(P＜0.05） respectively. The activity of aspirin esterase was inhibited by midazolam, while it was induced by phenobarbital. Conclusion  The interaction between sedative hypnotics and aspirin should be paid careful attention to in clinical application.

Experiment on lornoxicamloaded solid lipid nanoparticles

XIE Fei1，　ZHANG Dong2， LIU Tianhua1, HUANG Guihua2

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  155-159. 

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Objective  To develop solid lipid nanoparticles of lornoxicam(Lnxc-SLNs) and evaluate their physicochemical properties． Methods  Based on the singlefactor experiment, lornoxicam loaded SLNs were prepared with the solvent diffusion method by orthogonal experiment design. Their morphology was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Zeta potential and particle size were evaluated by laser scatter. Entrapment efficiency and drug loading were determined. The in vitro release behavior was investigated with the film dynamic dialyzed method. Results  The optimal formula was obtained by an orthogonal design: the ratio  of drug and lipid was 1∶10, the ratio of glyceryl monostearate and soybean phospholipid was 1.5∶1, 1.2% poloxamer 188 and 0.4% between 80 were used as the surface acting agent, the ratio of oil phase and aqueous phase was 1∶5. The obtained SLNs were spherical, and mean size and Zeta potential of SLNs were 185.3nm and (-27.65±0.91) mV. Entrapment efficiency of lornoxicam in SLNs was (86.24±3.39) % and (8.62±0.34) % for drug loading. The in vitro release behavior conformed to bio-exponential kinetics. Conclusion　SLNs provide a good sustained-release effect in vitro and may be a promising carrier for intravenous delivery of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs（NSAIDs）.

Effects of Aspart 30 for new type 2 diabetes

ZHANG Yuehua, ZHAO Xinguo, YUE Yuguo, L Yingjun

JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2010, 48(4):  160. 

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Objective  To observe changes in Pancreatic β-cells in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients after intensive treatments with short term insulin Aspart 30. Method  55 patients, who were newly diagnosed as type 2 diabetics, were  treated by 3  hypodermic injections with Aspart 30 per day. After two weeks intensive treatments, the levels of  TC (total cholesterin), triglyceride(TG),fasting plasma glucose( FPG),2 hours postprandial glucose(2hPG), insulin, C-peptide, the mean area under the curve of insulin and C-peptide, insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR ), and insulin secretion index (HOMA-B) were compared before and after the treatments. Results  After short term intensive treatments,the levels of FPG and 2hPG were significantly decreased(P<0.01). The levels of insulin, C-peptide, and HOMA-B, and the mean area under the curves of insulin and C-peptide were significantly increased(P<0.01) after the treatments. However, the level of HOMA-IR was significantly decreased (P<0.05) after the treatments. But there were no remarkable changes in TC and TG before and after the treatments. Conclusion  Short term intensive insulin treatment by Aspart 30 can effectively reduce the level of plasma glucose, improves the β-cell function and releases the insulin resistance.