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Table of Content

      
    24 November 2007
    Volume 45 Issue 11
    Articles
    Articles
    Mechanisms of vascular endothelial cell injury induced by human cytomegalovirus
    WANG Feng,WU Jian-min, ZHOU Ya-bin,LI Shu-ying,CHENG Yi-zhe,QI Mei,TANG Wei,WANG Hong,LIU Juan, YU Han
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1081-1084. 
    Abstract ( 1397 )   PDF (411KB) ( 852 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo explore the mechanisms of cytomegalovirus infection by investigating the changes of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sequential changes of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and the receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in vascular endothelial cells with human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) infection. MethodsVascular endothelial cells were cultured and then infected by HCMV, then changes of reactive oxygen species were identified by confocal microscopy. Expressions of VCAM-1 and RAGE mRNA were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. ResultsFluorescence intensity was determined at a low level in the control group and was significantly increased in the HCMV group (P＜0.01). VCAM-1 mRNA was expressed at a low level at 0 hour, began to increase at 4 hours after HCMV infection and reached a peak at 8 hours. After 12 hours, it began to decrease and significantly decreased at 24 hours, but it was higher than that at 0 hour (P＜0.01). At 48 hours, the VCAM-1 mRNA level was close to that at 0 hour (P＞0.05). RAGE mRNA was expressed at a low level in the control group, began to increase 4 hours after HCMV infection, increased to a significant level at 12 hours, and reached a peak at 24 hours. It significantly decreased but remained at a relatively high level at 48 hours (P＜0.01). ConclusionsHCMV infection can enhance the oxidative stress and the expressions of VCAM-1 and RAGE mRNA in vascular endothelial cells and it may induce an inflammatory reaction by enhancing the oxidative stress and up-regulating the VCAM-1 and RAGE expressions in endothelial cells, which further facilitates the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis.
    Effect of an extract from the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi on reversing radiation-induced immunosuppression in rats bearing W256 carcinoma
    ZHANG Wei-dong,ZHANG Yue-ying,WANG Zhao-xia,JIA Qing,WANG Zhao-peng,YU Jin-ming
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1085-1087. 
    Abstract ( 1216 )   PDF (263KB) ( 647 )   Save
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    Abstract: ObjectiveTo study the effects of an extract from the male zooid on reversing the radiation-induced immunosuppression of rats bearing W256 carcinoma. MethodsTumor models were established by subcutaneously injecting W256 tumor cells into rats. 60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. The thymus index and the spleen index were used as parameters to evaluate the effect of an extract from the male zooid on non-specific and specific immune function of rats with tumor. The presence of Interferon gamma (INF-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the peripheral blood serum were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to investigate cell-mediated immune responses and T subsets were determined by flow cytometry(FCM). ResultsThe extract from the male zooid significantly raised the thymus index and the spleen index of rats with tumors. The number of CD4+T and the CD4+T/CD8+T ratio of W256-bearing rats treated with the extract from the male zooid significantly increased compared with the radiotherapy group (P＜0.05). Also, the level of Interferon-gamma (INF-γ) was up-regulated and interleukin-4(IL-4) was down-regulated. ConclusionsThe extract from the male zooid of Antheraea pernyi has effect of reversing the radiation-induced immunosuppression and could be regarded as a main assistant agent combined with traditional radiotherapy for treatment of malignant tumors.
    Infrared fluorescence of AuNPs and its enhancement by Cytochrome P450
    YIN Hong-yin,ZHANG Chun-ling,YU Jiang,LI Ning,GAO Xi-bao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1088-1091. 
    Abstract ( 1668 )   PDF (403KB) ( 795 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo explore the infrared fluorescence of the gold nano-particles （AuNPs） and their labeled Cytochrome P450 at 811 nm, and to explore its mechanism. MethodDifferent sizes AuNPs were obtained by adding different amount of tri-sodium citrate to reduce the chloroauric acid in a boiled and stirred condition, and then the protein was labeled by AuNPs. The AuNPs and its labeled Cytochrome P450 were observed by the UV-visible light absorption spectrum, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence spectrum. ResultsWith an increase of the tri-sodium citrate， the AuNPs became smaller under TEM. The absorption peak of the larger AuNPs was at 250nm under the UV-visible spectrum, and when the AuNPs were reduced to 21nm, the absorption peak was at 525nm. When it was excited at 538nm, the emission peak was at 811nm. and the intension was enhanced after it was labeled by the protein. Conclusion Infrared fluorescence of the AuNPs can be used as a probe to determinate Cytochrome P450.
    Anti-oxidative effect of pomegranate juice intervention at different times on aging mice
    ZHANG Jie,XU Gui-fa
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1092-1095. 
    Abstract ( 1160 )   PDF (263KB) ( 623 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo explore the anti-oxidation effect of pomegranate juice on aging mice. Methods72 aging mice, half female and half male, were randomly divided into three groups: the high dose group, the low dose group and the control group. Pomegranate juice or water was given orally every day at the following doses of 20ml/kg pomegranate juice, 10?ml/kg pomegranate juice and 20ml/kg distilled water. 6 mice from each group were taken, their eyeballs were removed, and they were executed with luxation at the end of the first week, the second week, the third week and the fourth week. Blood serum was separated after 3500r/min centrifugalization for 15 minutes, and was conserved under refrigeration for determining the total anti-oxidation capability (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and malonaldehyde (MDA). Also the liver was obtained and frozen for determining the T-AOC, SOD, GSH-Px and MDA. ResultsCompared with the control group, the disparity of T-AOC between the high dose group and the control group was not significantly different at the first two weeks, and it began to have significant differences from the third week. T-AOC, SOD and GSH-PX of blood serum and liver in the high dose and the low dose groups remarkably increased. The content of MDA of blood serum and liver degraded with no significant effect. There was a more noticeable effect in the high dose group than in the low dose group. ConclusionPomegranate juice possesses anti-oxidative capability, which is gradually elevated in aging mice with the intake of pomegranate juice.
    Silence of MHC gene has an effect on the cytotoxicity of LAK cells by small interfering RNA duplexes in mice
    SHAN Ning-ning,ZOU Xiong,ZHANG Yi,YANG Xiao-jing,ZHUANG Xue-wei,WANG Hong-chun,HOU Ming
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1096-1100. 
    Abstract ( 1184 )   PDF (464KB) ( 583 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression of lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells and the cytotoxicity in vitro. MethodsH-2Kd-targeting small interfering RNA (siRNA ) was applied to spleen lymphocytes of BABL/C mice. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to determine the expression of H-2Kd on the transfected and control cells. The cytotoxicity for H22 and K562 cell lines of the transfected cells was determined in vitro by the LDH release assay. ResultssiRNA treatment for H-2Kd gene significantly decreased the expression level of the targeted protein, pure trans-messenger and non-silencing siRNA did not inhibit the H-2Kd expression at the tested concentrations. The cytotoxicity for H22 and K562 cells was significantly decreased. ConclusionsiRNA-reduced down-expression of H-2Kd may have some relation to LAK cells cytotoxicity for neoplasm cell lines.
    Effect of long-term ethanol feeding on glycogen and structures of the livers of Wistar rats
    CHEN Shao-hua,ZHAO Jia-jun,FENG Li,HOU Xiao-lei,ZHANG Wei,YU Hui,GAO Ling
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1101-1105. 
    Abstract ( 1383 )   PDF (509KB) ( 960 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of a long-term ethanol feeding on the glycogen content and structure of the liver in rats. Methods48 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the ethanol groups A, B and C and the control group. Rats were subjected to ethanol of 0.5, 2.5, and 5g/(kg·d) in the experimental groups respectively and saline in the control group for 5 months. Different physical parameters, HE staining, PAS staining and the glycogen content( Colorimetry, SpectraMax M2，) were determined. ResultsCompared with group D, groups A, B and C showed a lower weight of body and liver. Glycogen levels of groups A, B and C decreased, and the glycogen decreased in an ethanol dosedependent manner. HE staining showed lots of lipid vacuoles and inflammatory cells in groups A, B and C relative to group D. On the other hand, PAS staining revealed a decrease of glycogen granules. ConclusionLong-term intake of ethanol influences the glycogen content and causes some damage to the structure of liver tissues.
    Glutamine inhibits the apoptosis A549 cells induced by H2O2
    ZHANG Li,LI Liang,LI Ke-zhong,YAO Shang-long
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1106-1109. 
    Abstract ( 1260 )   PDF (386KB) ( 772 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo explore the effects of heat shock protein 70 induced by glutamine on the apoptosis of cultured A549 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide （H2O2）. MethodsCultured A549 cells were divided into four groups: the physiologic saline group (C group), the glutamine group (Gln group), the H2O2 group and the Gln+H2O2 group. Western blotting was used to determine the expression of HSP70. Flow cytometry and Annexin-V were used to determine the apoptosis. Results① Compared with the expression of HSP70 in the C group（1.87±0.55）, the expression of HSP70 increased 4.5 times, 5 times and 7 times in the Gln group（8.42±1.38）, the H2O2 group（9.35±1.57）and the Gln+H2O2 group（13.12±1.85）, respectively. Also the expression of HSP70 in the H2O2+Gln group was higher than that in the H2O2 group（P＜0.01）. ② Compared with the C group,　the apoptosis of cells in the Gln group had not changed（P＞0.05）, while the apoptosis of cells in the H2O2 and the Gln+H2O2 groups significantly increased(P＜0.01).Compared with the H2O2 group, the apoptosis of cells in the Gln+H2O2 group significantly decreased(P＜0.01). ConclusionsGlutamine can enhance the expression of HSP70 in A549 cells and inhibit the apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide.
    High expression of α-SMA and type Ⅰ collagen induced by transcription factor T-bet/GATA-3 ratio in asthma models
    TIAN Hong,WANG Shu-juan,LI Hong-jia,DONG Liang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1110-1113. 
    Abstract ( 1240 )   PDF (436KB) ( 668 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo study the relationship between transcription factor T-bet/GATA -3 and expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and type Ⅰ collagen in asthma. MethodsThe levels of T-bet and GATA-3 in rat lungs were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting respectively. α-SMA and type Ⅰ collagen levels in lung fibroblasts were determined by immunohistochemistry and ELISA respectively. ResultsThe expression of T-bet mRNA and protein in the OVA group was significantly attenuated compared with that in the saline group and the blank group, while the expression of GATA-3 in the OVA group was significantly increased and the T-bet/GATA-3 ratio in the OVA group was significantly decreased. The α-SMA and type Ⅰ collagen levels in the OVA group were significantly increased. The T-bet/GATA-3 ratio had a negative correlation with α-SMA and type Ⅰ collagen. There was no significant difference between the saline group and the blank group. ConclusionThe T-bet/GATA3 ratio has a negative relation to α-SMA and type Ⅰ collagen, and T-bet/GATA3 imbalance plays a crucial role in asthma models.
    Glutamine enhances the expression of heat shock protein 70 in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells under oxidative stress conditions
    LI Liang,ZHANG Li,QU Xun,MENG Fan-qing
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1114-1116. 
    Abstract ( 1347 )   PDF (276KB) ( 644 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of glutamine on the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 in pulmonary micro-vascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) under oxidative stress conditions. MethodsPMVECs from Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: the positive control group (G group), the physiologic saline group (PS group), the glutamine group(Gln group), the H2O2+PS group and the H2O2+Gln group. Western blotting was used to investigate the expression of HSP70. ResultsCompared with the PS group, the expression of HSP70 significantly increased in the Gln group（9.05±1.51 vs 40.28±10.19） and the H2O2+PS group（9.05±1.51 vs 43.89±10.32）. The expression of HSP70 was higher in the H2O2+Gln group than in the H2O2+PS group（65.59±14.53 vs 43.89±10.32）. ConclusionGlutamine enhances the expression of HSP70 in pulmonary micro-vascular endothelial cells under oxidative stress conditions.
    Effect of Tongxinluo on myocardial fibrosis of rats with spontaneous hypertension
    ZHAO Xue-qiang,BU Pei-li,ZHAO Yu-xi,WANG Li-ling,LI Chuan-bao,HAO Ming-xiu,ZHANG Yun
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1117-1121. 
    Abstract ( 1468 )   PDF (275KB) ( 751 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Tongxinluo on myocardial fibrosis of rats with spontaneous hypertension. Methods16 eight-week-old male rats with spontaneous hypertension (SHRs) were divided at random into two groups: the Tongxinluo group (n=8, 1.5mg·kg-1·d-1) and the SHR group(n=8). Another 8 eight-week-old male Wistar Kyoto rats served as the control group. 12 weeks later, the ratio of early to late mitral flow, the ratio of early to late mitral annulus velocity (E/A and Ea/Aa), the deceleration time of the E wave (DTe), the left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), the average image intensity (AII), the corrected acoustic intensity (CAI) and the peak to peak intensity (PPI) of the interventricular septum and the left ventricular posterior wall were all determined by cardiography. Results① The diastolic indexes E/A and Ea/Aa in the Tongxinluo group were SHR group(P＜0.05), but were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (P<0.05); the diastolic indexes DTe and IVRT in the Tongxinluo group were significantly higher than those in the SHR group (P＜0.05), but were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). ② AII and CAI of the inter-ventricular septum and the left ventricular posterior wall in the Tongxinluo group were significantly lower than those in the SHR group, but PPI of the inter-ventricular septum and the left ventricular posterior wall was significantly higher than that in the SHR group (P＜0.05); AII and CAI of the interventricular septum and the left ventricular posterior wall in the control group were significantly lower than those in the Tongxinluo group, but PPI of the inter-ventricular septum and the left ventricular posterior wall was significantly higher than that in the Tongxinluo group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Tongxinluo capsule can reduce myocardial fibrosis caused by overload and improves the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction induced by hypertension.
    Effect of Puerarin on Cathepsin S and Cystatin C during the procedure of vascular restenosis in balloon injured rabbits
    WANG Qun,LU Qing-hua,JIANG Wei-dong,LIU Yu-sheng,DU Yi-meng,DONG Zhao-qiang,WANG Xin,HAO Lin,QIN Ai-qiong,XU Dong-ling,SHENG Lin
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1122-1126. 
    Abstract ( 1405 )   PDF (620KB) ( 659 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Puerarin on Cathepsin S and Cystatin C during the procedure of vascular restenosis after balloon injury. MethodsThe experimental models of vascular restenosis in rabbits were established by anendothelial injury induced by a balloon and hyper-lipid feed. The arterious restenosis area, expressions of Cathepsin S and Cystatin C, and the differences of collagen were determined. ResultsAt the end of 8 weeks after an endothelial injury by a balloon, the restenosis area in the Puerarin group(100mg/kg per day) was obviously smaller than that in the balloon injured group（P<0.05）. The expression of Cathepsin S in the Puerarin group was lighter than that in the balloon injured group (P<0.05), however the expression of Cystatin C was not significantly different between the Puerarin group and the balloon injured group (P>0.05). Collagen in the intima was significantly decreased in the Puerarin group compared with that in the balloon injured group (P<0.01). ConclusionPuerarin has a regressive effect on vascular restenosis in rabbits by modulating the expression of Cathepsin S and reducing collagen accumulation in the vascular restenosis area, but it does not affect the expression of Cystatin C.
    Effects of Shengmai Injection on NF-κB in patients after resuscitation of cardiac arrest
    ZOU Yan-guo,XU Rong-ting,HE Xu-dong,XING Jie-ling,SUI Wen-juan,SHAO Hua,WANG Xing-lei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1127-1130. 
    Abstract ( 1219 )   PDF (297KB) ( 697 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Shengmai Injection on NF-κB activation of the neutrophile granulocyte, serum TNF-a level and the prognosis of resuscitation on patients who had recovered from cardiac arrest. MethodsThe enzyme labeled immunohistochemical method was used to determine the NF-κB activation degree. Radio-immunity (RI) was used to determine the blood serum level of TNF-a. Changes of vital signs and laboratory examination indexes were also observed. Results①The time, degree of vital signs recovery of the test group were superior to those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). ② The degree that NF-κB moved into the nucleolus and the TNF-a level of the control group were higher than those of the test group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01). ③Shengmai Injection suppressed the activation of NF-κB and the blood serum level of TNF-a on dosage (P＜0.01). ④ The NF-κB activation degree and the TNF-a level were negatively correlated with the recovery of vital signs. The better the vital signs recovered, the lower were the NF-KB activation and the TNF-a level. ConclusionShengmai Injection plus routine therapeutics have obvious therapeutic efficiency in protecting heart function, supporting good circulation state, and increasing the success rate of CPR possibly by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing NF-κB controled inflammation factors in a dose-dependent manner.
    Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract combined with atorvastatin in prevention of atherosclerosis in rabbits
    LIU Xiang-ju,GAO Hai-qing,BI Yi,SHEN Lin,YOU Bei-an
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1131-1134. 
    Abstract ( 1257 )   PDF (273KB) ( 614 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo investigate the anti-atherogenic effects of atorvastatin combined with grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on atherosclerosis, and!to explore its possible mechanism. MethodsThe total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-c）, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-c） were determined by electronic chemiluminescene, and the content of malondialdehyde （MDA）was determined by TBA. At the end of the twelfth week, the aorta and the heart of the rabbits were excised for morphological observation by an optical microscope and an electron microscope and by an immunohistochemical method. ResultsIn the GSPE combined with atorvastatin group, the serum MDA content was significantly decreased(P＜0.01）, and the serum lipid profile was more significantly decreased than that in the GSPE group（P＜0.05）. The atherosclerosis was obviously relieved by GSPE combined with atorvastatin. The atherosclerosis was better inhibited in the GSPE combined with atorvastatin group than in the atorvastatin group. ConclusionsAtorvastatin combined with GSPE could obviously alleviate the development of arteriosclerosis, and it is prior to GSPE or atorvastatin only.
    Effects of actovegin in prevention and treatment of acute radiation esophagitis
    WANG Xiang-lian,LIU Hui-zhong,QIAO Nai-an,HAO Cheng-cheng,WANG Jun-chao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1133-1138. 
    Abstract ( 1295 )   PDF (273KB) ( 758 )   Save
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    Objective To evaluate the effects of actovegin in prevention and treatment of acute radiation esophagitis. Methods 62 patients with esophageal cancer, lung cancer or thymoma were randomly placed into two groups: the experimental group (n=32) and the control group(n=30). Patients in the experimental group concurrently received radio-chemotherapy and actovegin and patients in the control group only received radio-chemotherapy. Various evaluations on the acute esophagitis, such as the radiation therapy oncology group criteria and Kuwahta′s criteria, were used to analyze the clinical characteristics, the time of appearance, the time of suffering, endoscopic results of esophagus, and pathological changes of the mucous membrane. ResultsThe typical symptoms included odynophagia or dysphagia. Based on the RTOG criteria, grade 2 or even worse acute esophagitis was found in 15.6% in the experimental group and 56.6% in the control group(P=0.0007).The mean time of appearance was（16.2±2.2）days in the experimental group and（10.7±2.1）days in the control group and the mean time of suffering was（12.0±2.2） days and（25.6±8.4）days respectively. Grade 2 or even worse esophagitis was found in 10% in the experimental group and 66.6% in the control group based on the Kuwahta′s endoscopic criteria. Conclusions Actovegin can delay the occurrence of acute esophagitis, decreases the degree of esophagitis and the time of suffering and so ensures the fulfillment of treatment.
    Determination of hepatitis B virus genotypes and lamivudine resistant mutations by RFLP
    BU Fan-feng,LU Yan-qin,HAN Jin-xiang,WANG Li-na,FENG Zhao-lei,SHEN Zhong-lin,GAO Gang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1139-1143. 
    Abstract ( 1754 )   PDF (406KB) ( 735 )   Save
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    ObjectiveTo detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and the effect of lamivudine on HBV mutations. MethodsRestriction sites and special primers for determination of HBV mutations and HBV genotypes were designed. HBV mutations and genotypes were determined by using RFLP. ResultsIn the 115 samples, 75(65%) were YMDD, 18(15.7%) were YIDD, 10(8.7%) were YVDD, 6 (5.2%)were YIDD+YVDD, 4(3.5%) were YMDD+YIDD and 2 (1.7%) were YMDD+YVDD; none were YSDD. At codon 180, 98 samples were wild types, 5(4.3%) were rtL180M，8(6.96%) were L180M+M204I, and 4（4.3%）were L180M+M204V. In 115 samples, 102 samples were genotype C and 13 samples were genotype B. The results of χ2 test showed that the rate of lamivudine resistant mutations might not have a positive correlation with gender, HBV DNA levels and genotype (P＞0.05), however, they might have a positive correlation with time of lamivudine therapy （P＜0.05）, and the rate of lamivudine resistant mutations increased with prolonged lamivudine therapy. Also, mutation at codon 180 might have a positive correlation with that at codon 204 after lamivudine therapy（P＜0.05）. ConclusionYMDD mutations of HBV and genotype can be effectively determined by RFLP.
    Risk factors of hearing impairments in type 2 diabetic patients
    CUI Xiao-kang,REN Jian-min,XU An-ting,XIAO Xiao-yan,FAN Yun-xia,SUN Lei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1144-1147. 
    Abstract ( 1308 )   PDF (271KB) ( 462 )   Save
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    Objective To study the characteristics of hearing impairments in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods134 patients with type 2 diabetes were determined by pure tone audiometry(PTA), auditory brainstem response（ABR）and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). The risk factors of hearing loss were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results 41.8% patients had hearing loss. There were significant differences in age, duration of the T2DM, LDL-C and GHbA1c between the normal and the abnormal groups（P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis suggested that age, duration of the T2DM, LDL-C and DR were independent risk factors of hearing impairments in type 2 diabetic patients. Conclusions There are many type 2 diabetic patients with sub-clinical hearing loss. Active hearing tests are helpful in early diagnosis and treatment.
    AGEs in the pathogenesis of diabetic osteoporosis and the preventive mechanism of insulin
    ZHANG Lei,LI Mu,QI Lei,CAI Zhong-xu,LI Yu-hua,SUN Yuan-liang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1148-1152. 
    Abstract ( 1460 )   PDF (616KB) ( 704 )   Save
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    Objective To explore the role of AGEs in the pathogenesis of diabetic osteoporosis and the preventive effect of insulin on diabetic osteoporosis in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley ( SD) rats were randomly divided into the control (C, n=10) and the STZ-induced diabetic groups (n=20), and then the diabetic rats were randomly divided into another two groups: the insulin group (n=10) that was treated with enough insulin to strictly control the high concentration of blood glucose, and the DM group (n=10) in which high blood glucose was not controlled. 20 weeks later the animals were sacrificed by exsanguination. The serum levels of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) concentration were determined by fluorescence spectrophotometry. Distracted tibiae and femora were analyzed by radiography and by DEXA. The contra-lateral tibiae were histologically analyzed. The presence of the receptor for advanced glycosylation end products (RAGE) in the femora was determined by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results After 20 weeks, compared with the control group, the DM group demonstrated an obvious osteoporosis, the bone mineral density (BMD)values of the femora was significantly decreased, while the serum levels of AGEs were significantly increased(P＜0．01). The expression level of RAGE in the DM group was markedly increased compared with the control group(P＜0.01). Compared with the DM group, the control group did not demonstrated obvious osteoporosis, the BMD value of the femora was significantly increased and the serum level of AGEs was significantly decreased(P＜0．01). The expression level of RAGE in the insulin group was markedly increased compared with the DM group(P＜0．01). Conclusions Interaction between AGEs and RAGE has an important role in osteoporosis and administration of insulin has a preventive effect on osteoporosis in STZ-diabetic rats in vivo. The effects of insulin may be associated with the possible mechanism of lowering the high glucose, inhibiting AGEs synthesis and blocking the interaction between AGEs and RAGE .
    Therapeutic effects of Palitaxel and Ifosfamide for malignant gynecological tumors
    SHI Cheng-yao,GENG Lei,SONG Qiang,SUN Shu-san
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1151-1155. 
    Abstract ( 1651 )   PDF (245KB) ( 691 )   Save
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    Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of Palitaxel and Ifosfamide for malignant gynecological tumors. MethodsIn the Palitaxel group, 27 cases had ovarian cancer, 6 had fallopian tube cancer, 3 had cervical cancer, and 1 had endometrium cancer; 33 cases had been subjected to surgeries or relapsed after chemotherapies, and 4 were primary ovarian cancer. In the ifosfamide group, 30 cases had ovarian cancer, 3 had fallopian tube cancer, 3 had cervical cancer, and 1 had endometrium cancer; all had relapsed after chemotherapies. In the Palitaxel group, Palitaxel(135-150mg/m2) was intravenously or intraperitonially administered once every three weeks in combination with carboplatin(60mg). In the Ifosfamide group, Ifosfamide(2.0g)was administered in combination with carboplatin(60mg). Antihistaminics and anti-emetic were given prior to Palitaxel. ResultsThe overall median survival time was 25 months in the Ifosfamide group and was 37 months in the Palitaxel group (P＜0.001). The response rate was 28% and 48.6%, respectively (P＜0.001). The major toxic effects were myelosuppression and alopecia. ConclusionPalitaxel is effective in the treatment of advanced gynecological tumors.
    Assisted hatching on in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in women with advanced age
    ZHANG Qi-yao,GUAN Qun,KONG Feng-yun,JIAN Fu-qin,REN Lan-qing,WANG Mei-ling
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1156-1158. 
    Abstract ( 1256 )   PDF (250KB) ( 675 )   Save
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    Objective To study the effect of assisted hatching on in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in women with advanced age. MethodA retrospective analysis of 96 IVF-ET cycles was used to compare embryo transfer after laser-AH (n=52) and traditional CT-ET(n=44). Results18.10% (n=19) of the 105 embryos exposed to AH were implanted, and 8.93% (n=10) of the 112 embryos not exposed to AH were implanted (P＜0.05, (2 test). There were no differences in the rate of clinical pregnancy between the two groups (28.85% VS 20.45%, P＞0.05). When basal FSH≥10（IU/L） or embryos for transfer with zona thickness ≥18μm, laser-assisted hatching increased the implantation rate (P＜0.05, (2 test). Conclusion Assisted hatching increases the implantation rate of IVF-ET in women with advanced age, especially in those with the basal FSH≥10（IU/L）or embryos for transfer with zona thickness ≥18μm.
    Laryngeal mask airway in combined spinal and epidural anesthesia in gynecological laparoscopic surgery
    YAN Jun-xin, WANG Guo-yi,LI Xiu-ying, JIN Yan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1159-1161. 
    Abstract ( 1310 )   PDF (281KB) ( 643 )   Save
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    Objective To discuss the feasibility of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in combined spinal and epidural anesthesia (CSEA) in gynecological laparoscopic surgery. MethodsThirty-six patients were randomly divided into the laryngeal mask airway in combination with spinal and epidural anesthesia group（groupⅠ）, the general anesthesia group（groupⅡ）and the combined spinal and epidural anesthesia group（group Ⅲ）. Hemodynamic variables of BP and HR were determined in the anesthesia, and also the anesthesia effects and side effects were determined. ResultsIn group Ⅱthe amount of anesthesia was larger, the time of awareness was significantly longer, and the degree of awareness was worse than in group Ⅰand Ⅲ. Hemodynamic variables of BP and HR were significantly different after anesthesia or pneumpperitoneum from those before anesthesia in group Ⅱ (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01), and they were also significantly different from those after pneumpperitoneum in group Ⅱ（P＜0.01）. Side effects were the lowest in group Ⅰ. Conclusion Laryngeal mask airway in combination with spinal and epidural anesthesia in gynecological laparoscopic surgery is beneficial for hemodynamics and safe.
    Effects of Aβ1-42on the subunits of KATP expression of cultured primitive basal forebrain neurons in rats
    FU Qing-xi,MA Guo-zhao,GAO Jian-xin,BI Ai-ling,LIU Ke-jing,ZHANG Yong,ZHENG Min,LIU Zhen-fang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1162-1167. 
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    ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Beta-amyloid peptides (Aβ1-42) on the subunits of KATP expression of cultured primitive basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in rats. Methods Primitive rat basal forebrain neurons were cultured and evaluated. The subunits of KATP: Kir6.1, Kir6.2, SUR1 and SUR2 expression were determined by double immunofluorescence and immunoblotting when the neurons were exposed to Aβ1-42 (2μmmol/L) for different times.Results After being exposed to Aβ1-42 for 24 hours, the expression of subunits Kir6.1 and SUR2 in the cultured neurons was significantly increased compared with the controls (P<0.05), while that of Kir6.2 and SUR1 had no significant difference from that of the controls. After being exposed to Aβ1-42 for 72 hours, the expressions of the four subunits were all significantly increased compared with the controls (P<0.05). Conclusion Aβ1-42 for different times (24h and 72h) induces different regulation of KATP subunit expressions in cultured primitive rat basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. Changes in composition of KATP may resist the toxicity of Aβ1-42.
    Effect of striatal extracts on inducing the NSC differentiate into dopaminergic neurons: an experimental study
    WANG Xin-yu,LI Xin-gang,ZHOU Lu,BAO Xiu-feng,XIN Hua
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1168-1171. 
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    ObjectiveTo culture human fetal neural stem cells in vitro, and then induce them to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons. Methods Human fetal neural stem cells derived from the hippocampus were purified and induced by human fetal striatal extracts. The induced differentiational rate of dopaminergic neurons was detected by immunocytoflurescence and the expression of TH- mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. Results The rate of TH+ cells of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, and the expression of TH-mRNA was not obvious in the control group but was strong in the induced group. There were significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion Human fetal striatal extracts can effectively induce human fetal NSCs to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons in vitro.
    Anticipatory nausea and vomiting and mental health in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy
    WANG Xia,ZHANG Fang,PAN Fang,YU Hong-luan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1172-1174. 
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    Objective To investigate anticipatory nausea and vomiting (ANV) and mental health of cancer patients. Method87 patients receiving 1 or 2 cycles of chemotherapy were measured by questionnaires. ResultsPatients with ANV had significantly higher scores in anxiety, depression, phobia, psychoticism and somatic symptoms compared with those without ANV. The total and single scores of nausea of patients with ANV were significantly positively correlated with anxiety, depression, phobia, psychoticism and somatic symptoms. Conclusion Patients with ANV have all kinds of psychological problems mainly presented as anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms， phobia and psychoticism.
    Expression of Connexin 29 in mice cochlea
    ZHANG Yan-ping,TANG Wen-xue,LIN Xi
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1175-1177. 
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    Objective To investigate the expression of connexin29 （connexin 29, Cx29）in mice cochlea and explore the reason why mutation of Cx29 caused deafness. MethodsAdult wild type mice C57 were decapitated and their cochleas were dissected. After a series of preparations, frozen cochlea sections were cut (7μm). Immunofluorescent labeling and colabeling of Cx29 with neurofilament (NF), myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were applied to the sections. Labeled samples were observed by a fluorescent microscope. ResultsIn low-magnification view, Cx29 strongly labeled tracts where the auditory nerve travels inside the cochlea until the border was marked by the glial junction. The stria vascularis was faintly stained. Views obtained at higher magnification showed Cx29 expressed at the myelin of the spiral ganglion neurons and the auditory nerve fibers inside cochleas. Colabeling immunostaining showed MAG expressed in the auditory nerve inside and outside the cochlea and co-expressed with Cx29 only in the auditory nerve inside the cochlea in circular immuno-staining patterns. GFAP was only expressed in the auditory nerve in the brainstem outside the cochlea. There were no co-expressions of GFAP and Cx29. The antibody against neuro-filament gave an immuno-staining pattern of solid dots which were encircled by Cx29-positive pixels. Conclusion Cx29 strongly expresses in mice cochlea. It suggested that Cx29 should play an important role in the function of mice cochlea.
    Quality of life of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps and influencing factors
    ZHANG Yong-bo,WANG Qi-rong,GU Lin-tao,HAN Fei,ZHONG Yan-xia,LIANG Hui
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1178-1181. 
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    Objective To study the quality of life (QOL) and influencing factors in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps, and to evaluate the effects of the SF-36 questionnaire (Chinese version). Methods148 patients and 150 healthy controls were tested by SF-36 questionnaires. Correlation between the age, gender, case history, clinical classification, nasal endoscopic scores, CT scores and the QOL were analyzed. ResultsCompared with the control group， there was a significant impairment in six dimensions in the experimental group. The QOL had no significant differences between the two groups in age or gender. Case history was significantly negatively associated with the QOL. Clinical classification, nasal endoscopic scores and CT scores were correlated with the physiological health, but not correlated with the emotional health. The SF-36 questionnaire of the Chinese version was reliable and valid. Conclusions Chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps have a negative impact on QOL. Case history plays a more important role in affecting the QOL. The SF-36 of the Chinese version is a valid outcome measure for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps.
    Ultra-structures of the vitreoretinal interface in human eyes
    YANG Li-xia,WANG Jing
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(11):  1182-1184. 
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    ObjectiveTo evaluate the ultra-structures of the basal vitreoretinal interface in human eyes of different ages. MethodThe cellular elements were removed from the retinal surface after trypsin digestion in 11 donor eyes, and the retinal part of the inner limiting lamina (ILL) was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results Both SEM and TEM showed a progressive insertion of the basal superficial retina by bundles of collagen fibrils, which splayed out beneath the ILL in the young and finally formed a dense network in the elderly. ConclusionThe intra-retinal collagen fibrils penetrating the ILL and mixing with the cortical vitreous fibrils appears to underlie the slow adhesion of the vitreoretinal interface with aging.
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