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Table of Content

      
    24 May 2007
    Volume 45 Issue 5
    Articles
    Articles
    Effect of ERK1/2 inhibitor on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by high glucose and insulin in neonatal rats
    WANG Song-shan,LIU Zhen,WANG Li-hong,XING Zi-ying,WANG Huai-jing,LI Zhen-zhong
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  433-436. 
    Abstract ( 1473 )   PDF (242KB) ( 384 )   Save
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    Objective: To determine whether the ERK1/2 inhibitor has an inhibitory effect on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by high glucose and insulin in neonatal rats. Methods: Cardiomyocytes of neonatal Wistar rats were cultured in DMEM containing 10% calf bovine serum for 72 hours, then were treated with high glucose plus high insulin or high glucose and insulin plus ERK1/2 inhibitor in serum free DMEM for another 48 hours. Cells serving as the controls were cultured in DMEM containing 10% calf bovine serum for 72 hours and then were continuously cultured in serum free DMEM for another 48 hours. Two indexes of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy were determined: the cellular surface area and the total protein content of cardiomyocytes. Expression of cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) mRNA was also determined. Results: The cellular surface area, total protein content, and CT-1 mRNA were significantly increased after treatment with high glucose and insulin compared with the controls. The ERK1/2 inhibitor partially inhibited the increased cellular surface area and the total protein content induced by high glucose and insulin, however, CT-1 mRNA expression was not affected by the ERK1/2 inhibitor in this condition. Conclusion: The ESK1/2 inhibitor might have an inhibitory effect on cardio-myocyte hypertrophy induced by high glucose and insulin, which might be because the ERK1/2 inhibitor affects the signaling molecules at the downstream of CT-1 or is independent of CT-1.
    Influence of serum towards co-cultured neuroepithelial stem cells and Schwann cells
    BAO Li-hua,LI Zhen-hua,SUN Jin-hao,CONG Li,LIU Wen-jing,GAO Ying-mao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  437-440. 
    Abstract ( 1459 )   PDF (277KB) ( 556 )   Save
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    Objective: To explore the influence of serum of different concentrations towards co-cultured neuroepithelial stem cells and Schwann cells, and further to seek the factors inducing the orientation differentiation of neural stem cells. Methods: The supernatant was collected as a conditional medium from a flask of co-culturing neuroepithelia stem cells and Schwann cells in serums of different concentrations. The neurons and the astroglia cells differentiated from the neuroepithelial stem cells induced by the conditional medium were counted by the immunocytochemistry technique and the soft IPP. The survival and the proliferation of the Schwann cells were determined by MTT. Results: The Schwann cells promoted the survival and differentiation of neuroepithelial stem cells, and the number of the neurons decreased with an increase of serum concentration. Both the neuroepithelial stem cells and serum promoted the survival and the proliferation of the Schwann cells. Conclusion: Serum of free or lower concentration is favorable for Schwann cell survival and proliferation and it is advantageous to the survival and differentiation of neuroepithelial stem cells into neurons.
    Co-effects of human cytomegalovirus infection and advanced glycation end products on vascular endothelial cells
    LI Shu-ying,WU Jian-min,ZHOU Ya-bin,ZHANG Feng-lei,CHENG Yi-zhe,YU Han,QI Mei,TANG Wei,王红,LIU Juan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  441-445. 
    Abstract ( 1482 )   PDF (262KB) ( 581 )   Save
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    Objective: To study the mechanisms of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) infection in atherosclerosis by investigating changes of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sequential changes of the receptor of advanced glyca-Methods： Vascular endothelial cells were cultured and then infected with HCMV, then changes of reactive oxygen species were identified by confocal microscopy; Expression of RAGEmRNA was determined by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: Fluorescence intensity was determined at a low level in the control group and the BSA group, with no significant difference (P>0.05). However, it was obviously higher in the AGEs group and the HCMV group than in the control group (P<0.01) and it was further increased in the HCMV combined with AGEs group, which was significantly higher than that in the AGEs and the HCMV groups (P<0.01). RAGEmRNA was expressed at a low level in the control group and the BSA group, with no significant difference (P>0.05). However, it was obviously higher in the HCMV group and the AGEs group than in the control group (P<0.01), and was further increased in the HCMV combined with AGEs group, which was significantly higher than that in the AGEs group and the HCMV group (P<0.01). RAGE mRNA expression gradually increased by an increase of AGEs concentration with the same trites of HCMV in a concentration-dependent manner and was also gradually enhanced by an increase of HCMV trite with the same concentration of AGEs in a trite-dependent manner. Conclusions： Both HCMV infection and AGEs can enhance the oxidative stress and the expression of RAGEmRNA in vascular endothelial cells in a co-effects manner. Both HCMV and AGEs have an effect on the injury of vascular endothelial cells by enhancing the oxidative stress and up-regulating the RAGE expression on endothelial cells, which further facilitates the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis.
    Gene expression regulation between tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line Tca-8113 and normal tongue mucosa fibroblasts
    WANG Zhen-guang,SUN Shan-zhen,SHI Lin,WANG Dong-guan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  446-449. 
    Abstract ( 1330 )   PDF (262KB) ( 446 )   Save
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    Objective： To study the gene expression changes of tongue epithelial tumor cell line Tca-8113 and its neighboring fibroblast (normal mucosa fibroblasts NMFs) after co-culture. Methods： Primarily cultured NMFs were co-cultured with Tca-8113. Then, morphological changes were produced. Changes of growth factors (IGFBP1), signal transducers (Notch3), proteasea/proteases inhibitors (ST3，TIMP3，TFPI-2), and extracellular matrix components or associated protein relating to matrix degradation (Tenascin-C) isolated from oral cancer cells， normal mucosa fibroblast and co-culture cells were determined by semiquantiative RT-PCR experiment. Results: After being co-cultured, NMFs grew surrounding Tca-8113. The cellular organs of the two cells grew more than before co-culture. IGFBP1 of Tca-8113 was decreased, however, TFPI-2 of Tca-8113 or Notch3, TIMP-3, ST3, Tenascin-C of NMFs were increased. Conclusion: The potential complex regulation of Tca-8113 and NMFs raises a question concerning the global pro-or anti-tumor consequences of these heterotypic interactions.
    Interaction between the wild type ADAR1 protein and its R916W mutant using yeast and manmalian two-hybrid systems
    LIU Yang,LIU Qing,ZHAO Jin,LV Dan,HUA Rui,LUO Yang,ZHANG Xue,
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  450-454. 
    Abstract ( 1379 )   PDF (283KB) ( 702 )   Save
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    Objective: Mutations in the ADAR1 gene cause dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH), a rare autosomal dominant skin disorder. We have shown that nonsense and frame-shift mutations in the ADAR1 gene result in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay thereby leading to ADAR1 haploinsufficiency. The present study was designed to detect protein-protein interaction between the wild type ADAR1 (ADAR1WT) and its R916W mutant (ADAR1R916W) using yeast and mammalian two-hybrid systems, and to gain some insight into the molecular mechanism by which the missense mutations in the ADAR1 gene cause DSH. Methods: The full length normal and mutant ADAR1 cDNA clones were obtained from the peripheral lymphocytes from a DSH patient with R916W missense mutation by RTPCR. The cDNA fragments were cloned into the bait and prey vectors in the MatchmakerTM GAL4 yeast two-hybrid system 3 and the CheckMateTM mammalian two-hybrid system, respectively. The two-hybrid experiments were performed by following the manufac-turer's protocols. Results: Yeast cells co-transformed with plasmids pGADT7-ADAR1WT and pGBKT7-ADAR1WT or plasmids pGADT7-ADAR1WT and pGBKT7-ADAR1R916W failed to form colonies on SD/-Trp/-Leu/-His/-Ade plates, indicating a lack of protein-protein interaction. HeLa cells co-transfected with plasmids pACT-ADAR1WT, pBIND-ADAR1WT and pG5luc showed a significant increase in luciferase activity (P＜0.05). Whereas cells co-transfected with pACT-ADAR1WT, pBIND-ADAR1R916W and pG5luc exhibited a considerable decrease in luciferase activity (P＜0.05), retaining 66% of the activity compared with the wild-type counterpart. Conclusion: ADAR1R916W displayed decreased interaction with ADAR1WT in mammalian cells, as compared with the ADAR1WT-ADAR1WT interaction.
    Effect of the exogenous fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene on proliferation and apoptosis of gastric
    FU Xin-juan,XU Hong-wei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  455-458. 
    Abstract ( 1465 )   PDF (262KB) ( 416 )   Save
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    Objective: To investigate the effect of the exogenous fragile hisdidine triad (FHIT) gene on the proliferation and the apoptosis of gastric cancer cell line MGC-803, and to search for the mechanism of tumor suppression by the FHIT gene. Methods: By the method of liposome transfection, plasmids pRC/CMV-FHIT and pRC/CMV were transfected into the gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 which was absent of FHIT gene expression, and then the transfected cells were screened by G418 and the expression of FHIT was determined by the western blot method. The effect of FHIT on the growth characteristics of gastric cancer cells was observed by MTT, the colony forming test and flow cytometry. Results: Stable FHITexpressing MGC-803 cells were produced, and the proliferation activity and the colony forming capability of MGC-803-FHIT were suppressed, whereas the apoptosis rate of it was increased, and an evident G0/G1 phase blockage was also detected. All these differences between MGC-803-FHIT cells and the two control groups of gastric cancer cells had stastical significance. Conclusions: Transfecting the exogenous FHIT gene into gastric cancer cells can suppress the proliferation of tumor cells, and can also induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
    Effect of aluminum chelating agent on renal function and essential elements of aluminum-induced rats
    ZHUO Jin-hua,LIU Ping,LIN Ping,FENG Guo-chang,ZHAO Hui-juan,LI Hong-yan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  459-461. 
    Abstract ( 1524 )   PDF (251KB) ( 562 )   Save
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    Objective: To investigate the effects of 1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-pyridone (DHPO) on creatinine(Cr), urea nitrogen(BUN) and uric acid(UA) in serum and on aluminum(Al), zinc(Zn), copper(Cu), iron(Fe), calcium(Ca) and magnesium(Mg) in the kidneys of rats induced by aluminum. Methods: Wistar rats were subjected to aluminum chloride for 3 weeks. Then they were treated with different doses of DHPO. The content of Cr, BUN and UA in the serum was determined, and the concentrations of Al, Zn, Cu, Fe, Ca and Mg in kidney tissues were determined. Results: The BUN content of the Al group was significantly lower than that of the negative control group. The result of UA and Cr contents demonstrated that there was no statistical significance among the groups. The Al level in the kidneys was significantly increased with an intake increase. The aluminum concentration of the three DHPO groups was significantly lower than that of the Al group（P＜0.01）. The aluminum concentration of the moderate and high DHPO groups was not significantly different from that of the negative control group. The Cu concentration of the Al group and the low DHPO group was significantly lower than that of the negative control group, whereas there was no statistical significance between the moderate and high DHPO groups and the negative control group. Compared with the negative control group, the Zn, Fe, Ca, Mg concentrations of the low, moderate and high DHPO groups were not significantly different. Conclusion: DHPO could effectively promote the elimination of Al in kidneys, protect the kidney from Al-induced damage, and has no effect on the excretion of Zn, Cu, Fe, Ca and Mg.
    Ethanol inhibits the proliferation of neural precursor cells
    WANG Hui,ZHU Xiao-yin,CAO Wei-peng,FENG Yu-xin,XIN Hua
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  462-466. 
    Abstract ( 1396 )   PDF (268KB) ( 631 )   Save
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    Objective: To establish a method of adherent culture of neural precursor cells in vitro, and to study the effect of ethanol on proliferation of neural precursor cells. Methods: Neural precursor cells were mechanically dissociated from the cerebral cortex of E13 rats and cultured for 5 days, and then fluorescence immunocytochemistry was applied to identify the neural precursor cells and their proliferation ability. Cells were subjected to different concentrations of ethanol for 24 hours. Then brdu incorporation and MTT assays were employed to study the effect of ethanol on proliferation of neural precursor cells. Results: Purity of the neural precursor cells cultured for 5 days was 97%, and proliferation was produced in all. Ethanol (25-50mmol/L) could inhibit proliferation of neural precursor cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: Cells cultured for 5 days in vitro are nestin-positive and have the ability of proliferation and self-renewal. Low and middle concentrations of ethanol can inhibit the proliferation of neural precursor cells.
    Association of IL-1 receptor antagonist gene 2/2 genotype with increased susceptibility for Behcet′s disease with uveitis
    LIU Xiang-dong,SUN Shan-hui,XIANG Dong-jie,MU Guo-ying,WANG Yun-shan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  467-469. 
    Abstract ( 1292 )   PDF (229KB) ( 526 )   Save
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    Objective: To investigate a possible association of specific polymorphisms of interleukin 1(IL-1) receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) genes with susceptibility for Behcet′s disease (BD) with uveitis. Methods: The genotypes of a total of 27 BD patients and 71 controls were determined for IL-1ra variable number of tandem repeat polymorphisms (for five different alleles) by PCR. χ2-analysis was used to compare the allele and genotype frequencies of patients and controls. Results: There was no difference in the allele or genotype frequencies of IL-1ra between patients with BD and the controls (P＞0.05). The 2/2 genotype of IL-1ra polymorphisms was identified as an increased risk of BD with uveitis(OR=3.3).No association was produced for other investigated polymorphisms in the genotype or allele frequencies of IL-1ra between the BD patients or BD patients with uveitis and the control. Conclusion： Susceptibility to BD with uveitis is enhanced in individuals carrying the 2/2 genotype of IL-1ra polymorphisms.
    Repairs to the spinal cord by transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells from the olfactory mucosa and NGF in adult rats
    CAI Zhong-xu,LI Yu-hua,QI Lei,PAN Xin
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  470-473. 
    Abstract ( 1494 )   PDF (273KB) ( 487 )   Save
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    Objective: To investigate the effect of transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) originating from the olfactory mucosa and nerve growth factor(NGF) to repair spinal cords. Methods: The olfactory mucosa was separated from the nasal septum of adult Wistar rats. The OECs were purified by different attachment time with other types of cells and Ara-c inhibition， and the nerve growth factor receptor P75(P75NGFR) immunohistochemistry. The spinal cord samples were hemisected and they were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (group A), the olfactory ensheathing cell group(group B), and the olfactory ensheathing cells and the nerve growth factor group(group C). The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale(BBB) was observed at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. Histological changes, the axon regeneration and the survival of OECs were determined 8 weeks later by an electron microscope, hematoxylin and eosin(HE) and immunohistochemistry staining. Result: The BBB grade of groups B and C was significantly higher than that of group A at 2 weeks, and that of group C was significantly higher than that of groups A and B. Histology revealed that the regeneration of axons was significantly promoted in group C. Conclusion: Transplantation of OECs and NGF is great for spinal cord repairs, and the two have a significant synergistic effect.
    Changes of electrophysiology of the sciatic nerve and expression of GAP-43 protein in injured spinal cord tissue of rats
    XIE Xiao,GAO Jian-xin,LIU Ke-jing,YU Hui,YANG Gui-zhong
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  474-477. 
    Abstract ( 1512 )   PDF (273KB) ( 489 )   Save
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    Objective: To investigate the changes of threshold, amplitude and conduction velocity of the action potential (AP) in the sciatic nerve and the expression of GAP43 protein in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: Electrophysiological and immunohistochemistry techniques were used in experimental rats that were induced by the Allen＇s spinal cord weight-drop-injury method. Results: The increase of threshold, the decrease of amplitude and conduction velocity of AP in the sciatic nerve showed a time-dependent manner at 1d, 3d and 7d following SCI. However, the above changes attenuated at 14d following SCI. Expression of GAP-43 proteins progressively increased at 1d, 3d, and 7d following SCI, and reached a peak at the 7th d. Conclusion: The excitability and conductibility of the sciatic nerve degrade and the expression of GAP-43 protein increases following SCI in rats .
    Effect of age and origin on proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation capabilities of canine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro
    LI Shang-bin,HUO Ran,YU Qing-ping,ZHANG Wen-hao,GAO Feng,ZHAO Yang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  478-481. 
    Abstract ( 1580 )   PDF (265KB) ( 523 )   Save
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    Objective: To explore the effect of age and origin on the proliferation and the chondrogenic differentiation capability of canine mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) in vitro. Methods: MSCs isolated from bone marrows of the iliac bone and the shin bone in 4-month and 12-month canines, were cultured and induced into chondrocytes in vitro. The growth, purification, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation abilities of MSCs in 4 groups were determined by using the clone forming rate and the MTT method. The GAG content and the positive cell rate of collagen Ⅱ were determined. Results: The proliferation and the chondrogenic differentiation abilities between MSCs isolated from iliac bones and shin bones were not statistically different in 4-month canines. In the 12month canine groups, MSCs showed a shorter primary culture time and a higher clone-forming unit rate from iliac bones than from shin bones, whereas the expression of GAG and collagen Ⅱ was not positively different. Both the proliferation and the chondrogenic differentiation abilities were higher in the 4-month groups than in the 12-month groups. Conclusion: The proliferation ability of MSCs from both sites is different in the 12-month canines, while the chondrogenic differentiation capability is not significantly different. The prolieration and the chondrogenic differentiation capabilities of the 4-month canines are higher than those of the 12-month canines.
    Role of renal lymph circulation disorder on renal function and struction in rats
    ZHANH Tao-yan,GUAN Guang-ju,CHEN Bing,LIU Gang,LI Xue-gang,HOU Xiang-hua
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  482-485. 
    Abstract ( 1487 )   PDF (285KB) ( 628 )   Save
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    Objective: To investigate the influence of renal lymph circulation disorder on renal function and structure in rats. Methods: Forty-eight male Wister rats were randomly divided into two groups, twenty-four in each: the sham operation group (the control group) and the renal lymph ligation group (the model group). Six rats in each group were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after operation. Renal tissues were determined by PAS and Masson staining, and renal lesions were determined by semiquantitative scores. The ultrastructure of the renal tissues was determined by an electron microscope. Results: Renal disfunction and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were found in the model group. Tubular damage and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were remarkably aggravated in the model group compared with the control group（P＜0.01 and P＜0.05, respectively）. Mitochondrion cavitation, mesenterium insertion and foot cell fusion were found in the model group by an electron microscope. Conclusion: These results indicate that a disorder of renal lymph circulation leads to chronic renal failure and structural lesions, especially for tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
    Effect of recombinant leptin on ghrelin expression of STZ-induced diabetic rats
    DONG Ming,HOU Xin-guo,CHEN Li,SUN Lei,FU Yi-ling,TANG Kuan-xiao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  486-489. 
    Abstract ( 1289 )   PDF (265KB) ( 511 )   Save
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    Objective: To investigate the effect of recombinant leptin on plasma ghrelin levels and the expression of ghrelin mRNA in the stomach of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into four groups: the control group, the diabetes group(the DM group), the DM leptin group(the DM-LEP group) and the DM-LEP pair-fed group(the DMPF group). DM-LEP rats were subjected to leptin at a dosage of 4?mg/kg sc daily for 7 days. The body weight, blood glucose, insulin, leptin and ghrelin were determined. Furthermore, leptin mRNA expression in the adipose tissues and ghrelin mRNA expression in the stomach were determined. Results: Food intake in the DM-LEP group significantly decreased compared with the DM group (P＜0.05). The plasma glucose significantly decreased in the DMLEP group compared with the DM and the DM-PF groups (P＜0.05). The serum leptin and leptin mRNA expressions in adipose tissues were lower in the DM-LEP group than those in the DM group(P＜0.05),　but were significantly higher than those in the control group. The plasma ghrelin and ghrelin mRNA expressions in the stomach were also markedly decreased in the DM-LEP group compared with the DM group. Conclusion: Leptin can reverse elevated plasma ghrelin levels and ghrelin mRNA expression in the stomach independent of the fasting insulin concentration and food intake.
    Changes of the hydrogen sulfide/cystathionine γ-lyase system in rats with insulin resistance
    YU Ting,HOU Wei-kai,FENG Jin-bo,XU Yu-xin,DONG Qing-yu,ZHANG Li,ZHANG Wen-wen,CHEN Li
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  490-494. 
    Abstract ( 1382 )   PDF (312KB) ( 518 )   Save
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    Objective: To explore the changes of hydrogen sulfide/cystathionine γ-lyase(H2S/CSE) system in rats with insulin resistance and the effect of the H2S/CSE system on the development of hypertension and insulin resistance. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: the normal control(NC) group, the insulin resistant(IR) group and the NaHS(H2S donor)-treated(NaHS) group. The insulin resistant rat model was established by a highglucose diet of 6 weeks. Rats in the NaHS group were subjected to NaHS(56μmol／kg) and rats in the other two groups were subjected to normal saline every day. Six weeks later, the body weight(BW), systolic blood pressure(SBP), fasting blood sugar(FBG), fasting serum insulin(FSI), cholesterin(TC), triglyceride(TG), the transcriptional level of CSE in aorta and the H2S level in plasma were measured, and the insulin sensitive index(ISI) was calculated. Results: Compared with the NC group, BW, SBP, FSI, TC, TG in the other two groups significantly increased (P＜0.01), and the ISI, transcriptional levels of CSE and the H2S levels decreased (P＜0.01). Exogenous administration of NaHS made the transcriptional levels of CSE (P＜0.05) and the H2S levels (P＜0.01) more significantly increased in the NaHS group than in the IR group. Compared with the IR group, SBP in the NaSH group significantly decreased (P＜0.01), but BW, FBG, FSI, TC, TG and ISI did not change a lot. Conclusion: The H2S/CSE system is downregulated in rats with insulin resistance and is a major factor in the development of hypertension. Exogenous administration of H2S may attenuate the process of hypertension, but seems not to affect the insulin sensitive index.
    Correlation between TGF-β1 and hypertensive target organ damage
    LIU Yu-ying,WANG Li-qi,ZHU Shi-ming
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  495-498. 
    Abstract ( 1301 )   PDF (281KB) ( 564 )   Save
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    Objective： To investigate the relationship between the serum level of TGFβ1 and hypertensive target organ damage in patients with essential hypertension(EH). Methods： Eighty-two patients with EH were enrolled and divided into three groups based on the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR): a group with ACR≥300mg/g (group A, n=28), a group with ACR＞30mg/g＜300mg/g (group B, n=31), and a group with ACR≤30mg/g (group C, n=23). Levels of ACR and AngⅡwere determined by radioimmunoassay, and serum TGFβ1 by a sandwich ELISA. The left ventricular telediastolic internal diameter, interventricular septum diastolic, posterior wall thickness, left ventricular mass index and left ventricular ejection fraction were determined by MB mode echocardiography. Results： TGFβ1 level was significantly higher in group A than in groups B and C(P＜0.01), and was also significantly different between group B and C(P＜0.05). TGFβ1 was directly related to ACR，AngⅡ and LVMI, but not related to BMI or blood pressure. Conclusion： TGFβ1, a useful marker plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of hypertensive target organ damage.
    Three chemotherapy regimens including cisplatin for advanced non-small cell lung cancer
    LI Hong-mei,LI Hai-xia,LIU Kei-wei,WANG Xiu-mei
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  499-502. 
    Abstract ( 1498 )   PDF (245KB) ( 617 )   Save
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    Objective： To explore the effect and side effect of three DDPcontaining combined chemotherapy regimens in the treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods： One hundred and thirty patients with advanced NSCLC were randomly divided into three groups: the NP group (n=45) was given vinorelbine plus DDP, the GP group (n=43) was given gemcitabine plus DDP and the TP group (n=42) was given docetaxel plus DDP. Results： ① The short-term response rate of groups NP, GP and TP was 42.2%(19/45), 44.2%(19/43) and 47.6%(20/42), respectively. There was no significant difference in the three groups(P＞0.05); ② Leukopenia was more significantly decreased in the GP group than in the NP and TP groups, and thrombocytopenia was more significantly increased in the GP group than in the NP and TP groups(P＜0.05). Phlebitis only occurred in the NP group (P＜0.001). Nausea and vomiting had no significant difference among the three groups(P＞0.05); ③ The median survival period and the 1-year survival rate of the NP, GP and TP groups were 9.8 months, 10.1 months and 10.3 months and 39.13%, 39.97% and 40.25%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the three groups(P＞0.05). Conclusion： DDP combined with vinorelbine, gemcitabine or docetaxel has a definite efficacy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The side effects are reversible and easily tolerated. All three regimens can be applied to first line chemotherapy.
    Relationship between post-prandial hyperlipidemia and carotid ather oscerosis and blood rheology in type 2 diabetic patients
    WU Mao-hong,WANG Feng-yun,SUN Lei,DONG Ming,REN Jian-min
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  503-507. 
    Abstract ( 1622 )   PDF (294KB) ( 471 )   Save
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    Objective: To study the influence of post-prandial hypertriglyceridemia on atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Ninety type 2 diabetics were enrolled in this study, and they were divided into three groups: group I (fasting blood triglyceride ≤1.7mmol/L, TG4h ≤2.0mmol/L), group Ⅱ(fasting blood triglyceride ≤1.7mmol/L, TG4h＞2.0mmol/L), and group Ⅲ(fasting blood triglyceride level ≥1.7mmol/L ). The levels of fasting blood glucose, blood glucose of two hours post-prandial（PBG2h）, fasting blood insulin, HbA1c, total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride(TG), HDL-cholesterol, whole blood viscosity, fibrinogen, plasma viscosity, and the levels of ESR, blood pressure（SBP）and diastolic blood pressure（DBP） were determined. The carotid color Doppler ultrasonography was applied in all the patients. Results: The carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT), the rate of carotid artery plaque and of great vessel complications and carotid artery plaque scores in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ. The IMT was not significantly different between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Whole blood viscosity, fibrinogen, plasma viscosity and ESR in groups Ⅱand Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ, whereas there were no significant differences between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ. The levels of CRP and TNF-a were gradually increased in the three groups, which produced a significant difference among the three groups. PAI-1 and D-D of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ, but there were no differences between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Conclusions: Postprandial hyperlipidemia is at the same risk of causing atherosclerosis as fasting hyperlipidemia, and it is at the same risk of enhancing the development of diabetic great vessel complications as fasting hyperlipidemia.
    Polymorphisms of Fg Bβ448 and PAI-1 4G/5G in patients with coronary heart diseases
    GAO Hui,GE Ru-cun,ZHOU Hai-ping,ZHANG Min
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  508-511. 
    Abstract ( 1553 )   PDF (266KB) ( 647 )   Save
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    Objective: To study the correlation between the Fg Bβ448 polymorphisms and their mRNA expression and fibrinogen(Fg) level, and the correlation between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) 4G/5G polymorphisms and their mRNA expression and PAI-1 activity(PAI-1:A), PAI-1 antigen(PAI-1:Ag) level in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD). Methods: 　The subjects were divided into two groups: the control group and the CHD group. Contents of Fg(Clauss), PAI-1:A(Chromogenic assay) and PAI-1:Ag(ELISA) in the plasma were determined. PCR-RFLP was used to determine the Fg Bβ448 and the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphisms, and RT-PCR was used to determine the expression of their mRNA. Results: This polymorphism is related to elevated Fg mRNA expression. The mRNA expression degree was as following: L/L genotype, the highest; A/L, the middle; and A/A, the lowest. There was a positive correlation between mRNA expression and plasma Fg level. The frequency of A/A genotype of Fg Bβ448 had no statistical difference between the CHD group and the control group (P＞0.05). Different genotypes offered different effects on PAI-1 mRNA expression. Expression of the 4G/4G genotype was in the highest, of the 4G/5G genotype was in the middle, and the 5G/5G genotype was the lowest. The frequency of the 4G/5G genotype of PAI-1 was significantly higher in the CHD group than that in the control group (P＜0.05), contributing to over-expression of PAI-1 mRNA. There was a positive correlation between mRNA expression and plasma PAI1:A and PAI-1:Ag level. Conclusions: Patients with CHD are hyper coagulation and fibrinolysis deficient, but elevated Fg may be related to the gene type and the environment. However, the environment may have an effect on the PAI-1 expression, but PAI-1 polymorphism is more important than the environment.
    CT perfusion combined with CT angiography in patients with cervical vertigo
    LIN Peng,JI Zhong-guo,LV Jing-guang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  512-515. 
    Abstract ( 1623 )   PDF (267KB) ( 576 )   Save
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    Objective: To study the value of CT perfusion combined with CT angiography in diagnosis of cervical vertigo. Methods: Conventional CT, CTPI and CTA examination was performed on forty-six patients with cervical vertigo. Results: (1) With conventional CT, 4 had cerebral infarction and 42 did not. (2) With CTPI, 27 had hypoperfusion and 19 did not. (3) With CTA, 21 had stenosis of vertebral arteries and 18 had stenosis of arteries, and 7 did not. (4) 17 patients with prophase of infarct proved by CTPI had vessel stenosis or occlusion by CTA.Conclusion: CTPI combined with CTA is capable of accurate evaluation of vertebrobasilar artery and cerebral artery and is reliable for cervical vertigo.
    Lung protection by pulmonary artery perfusion with cold oxygenated blood containing adenosine during cardiopulmonary bypass
    GAO Pei-xian,SONG Yi,GU Xing-hua ,WANG Tao,ZHANG Xi-quan,WU Shu-ming
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  516-519. 
    Abstract ( 1345 )   PDF (274KB) ( 646 )   Save
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    Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of perfusion of the pulmonary artery using cold oxygenated blood containing adenosine on the ischemia-reperfusion injury of the lung during cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: Thirty patients undergoing heart valve replacement complicated with pulmonary hypotension with cardiopulmonary bypass were randomly divided into the control group (n=15，　infused with 4 ℃ oxygenated blood) and the adenosine group (n=15，　infused with 4 ℃ oxygenated blood containing adenosine). The plasma level of TNFα, IL-6, MDA and the V/A (vein/artery) ratio of WBC were determined before CPB and at 15 minutes after aortic cross-clamp, 15 minutes after aortic cross-clamp release, 12 hours after the operation and 24 hours after the operation. Results: The time of mechanical ventilation was significantly shorter in the adenosine group than that in the control group［（18.60±4.75）h VS （26.40±6.32）h，P＜0.05］. Compared with the control group, the WBC V/A，as well as the level of IL-6 and TNF－α of the adenosine group was significantly decreased at 15 minutes after aortic cross-clamp， 15 minutes after aortic cross-clamp release and 12 hours after the operation (P＜0.05). The level of MDA was also obviously decreased at 15 minutes after aortic cross-clamp release, 12 hours after the operation and 24 hours after the operations(P＜0.05). Conclusion: Perfusion with cold oxygenated blood containing adenosine to the pulmonary artery can more effectively reduce the ischemia-reperfusion injury of the lung than that with only cold oxygenated blood during CPB.
    Correlation between body mass index and lumbar disc herniation
    JI Chang-jiao,GONG Liang-tai,ZHANG Shou-tao
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  520-523. 
    Abstract ( 1443 )   PDF (243KB) ( 765 )   Save
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    Objective: To investigate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods: (1) The BMI of 828 patients with LDH subjected to surgeries were divided into sex and agespecific (10year as a segment)subgroups. The BMI of each subgroup was determined and compared with the mean BMI value obtained from a large population of our country. (2) The relationship between BMI and sex ,age and occupation in those patients was analyzed. Results: (1) The mean BMI of patients except for women aged from 20 to 29 years, was much higher than that of the general population(P＜0.01). (2) The overweight ( BMI≥24 ) ratio of the patients was much higher than that of the general population(P＜0.01). (3) Patients with hypernormal BMI were more than those with normal BMI (BMI＜24) except for patients aged from 20 to 29 years. (4) Patients with hypernormal BMI were significantly more than those with normal body weight in all other occupations except for young students. Conclusion: Hypernormal BMI (overweight and obesity) may markedly increase the burden on lumbar discs, thus it speeds up disc degeneration. So, it may be an important causal factor for LDH.
    bFGF and bcl-2 in guinea pig's sclera with lens-induced myopia
    WANG Hong,TAO Yuan,QU Yi,WANG Zhen-hong
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  524-527. 
    Abstract ( 1366 )   PDF (313KB) ( 597 )   Save
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    Objective：To explore the expression of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2 and basic fibroblast growth factor in lens-induced myopia sclera of guinea pigs and evaluate the effect of the two factors on apoptosis of the sclera cells. Methods: A -20D concave or -10D concave lens was worn over the right eye in 30 fourweek old pigmented guinea pigs. The eyes were periodically examined by retinoscopy, and A-scan ultrasonography. Two weeks later, the eyeballs were removed and the apoptotic cells were determined by electron microscopy, TUNEL technique and flow cytometry in scleras. Both bFGF and the bcl-2 protein were determined by the immunohistochemisty method and the Western-blot method. Results: All eyes treated with -10.00D or -20.00D concave lens produced defocus-induced myopia. Axial lengths in lensinduced eyes remarkably increased compared with control eyes. Apoptotic cells were observed in fibroblasts of sclera in lens-induced eyes, much more than in control eyes (P＜0.01). Expression of the bFGF and bcl-2 protein was decreased (P＜0.01). With an increase of the diopter in the lens-induced myopia of guinea pigs, expression of bFGF and bcl-2 was decreased. Conclusion: bFGF and bcl-2 may play critical roles in guinea pig′s sclera with lens-induced myopia by adjustment of the apoptosis.
    A morphometric study of corneal endothelium in acute angle-closure glaucoma
    DING Lei；SHEN Jia-quan
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  528-531. 
    Abstract ( 1589 )   PDF (255KB) ( 781 )   Save
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    Objective： To study the quantitative morphometric changes of the corneal endothelial cells in acute angle-closure glaucoma and its related factors． Methods: A total of 27 patients (54 eyes) with acute angle-closure glaucoma were divided into two groups based on the pathogenetic condition: the control group (eyes in pre-clinical stage, n=27) and the experimental group (eyes in the acute attack stage, n=27). The experimental group was subdivided into two groups based on the intraocular pressure: the A1 group (＜60mmHg) and the B1 group (≥60mmHg), and another two groups based on the course of the disease: the A2 group (＜7days) and the B2 group (≥7days). Cell density, percentage of hexagonal cells, and average cellular area of the corneal endothelium were determined by a non-contact specular microscope and a computer-aid image analysis system. The statistical significance of the above indexes was determined between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group， cell density and percentage of hexagonal cells (P＜0.01) were significantly decreased in the experimental group but the average cellular area was significantly increased (P＜0.01). There were significant group and the B2 group (P＜0.05). Conclusions: Cell density is significantly decreased but cell pantomorphia is increased in eyes of the acute attack stage. The quantitative morphometric changes of the corneal endothelial cells significantly relate to the intraocular pressure with the course of the disease.
    Ocular refractive components determined by optic coherence biometry in myopic children
    XU Wen-wen,WANG Li-hua,MA Lu-xin,YANG Xiao-ran
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  532-534. 
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    Objective: To study the ocular refractive components of myopic children and the correlation between refractive components and gender, age and degree of refraction. Methods: One hundred and forty eyes of 79 children aged 3 to 12 were enrolled in this study. The axial length（AL）, refraction power of cornea（K1 and K2）and anterior chamber depth（ACD）were determined by optic coherence biometry（Zeiss IOL Master）after cycloplegia. Results: ① The refraction degree showed no significant difference in gender（t=-0.54, P=0.59）, whereas the axial length was significantly shorter(t=-3.00, P=0.003) in girls than in boys. The refraction power of corneas was greater （K1 t=2.10, P=0.04; K2 t=2.69, P=0.008） and the ACD was shallower in girls than in boys（t=-3.78, P=0.00）; ② Both the axial length (r=-0.488) and the refraction power of corneas (K1 r=-0.262；K2 r=-0.277) negatively correlated with the refraction degree; ③ Both the axial length (r=0.173) and the anterior chamber depth （r=0.233） positively correlated with age; ④ The AL/CR ratio was 3.087±0.11. There was a negative correlation between refraction degree and AL/CR ratio (r=-0.732). Conclusions: Under a static refraction state, ocular refractive components are different between males and females in myopic children. Child myopia is induced by both the axial the cornea remains steady in hyperopic children.
    Correlation of phospholipase activity and virulence of candida albicans between fluconazole-resistant and susceptible strains
    SU Ying, LI Chun-yang
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  535-537. 
    Abstract ( 1349 )   PDF (243KB) ( 622 )   Save
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    Objective: To study the correlation of phospholipase activity and the virulence of candida albicans between fluconazole-resistant and susceptible strains. Methods: NCCLS M27-A protocol was used to assess fluconazole-resistant and susceptible strains. Based on the MIC value, fifteen fluconazole-resistant strains (MIC＞64μg/ml) and fifteen susceptible strains(MIC＜8μg/ml) were obtained from the clinical isolates. These strains were produced by yolk agar. Phospholipase activity of the two groups was compared by the ratio of colony diameter to the total diameter of the colony plus the precipitation zone (PZ). Healthy mice were intravenously injected with the strains with a low or high phospholipase activity. Virulence of Candida albicans between the two groups was assayed by the average survival time of the mice. Results: Twelve of the fluconazole-resistant strains and seven of the fluconazole-susceptible strains produced a distinct precipitation zone implicating phospholipase activity. The value of PZ was 0.786±0.055 and 0.913±0.078, respectively. The average survival times were (10.22±2.44)days and (12.83±1.51)days, respectively. The phospholipase activity and the average survival times between the two groups were significantly different（P＜0.01 and P＜0.05, respectively）. Conclusion: Phospholipase activity and virulence of the fluconazole resistant strains are more active than those of the susceptible strains. Phospholipase activity and virulence of Candida albicans are related to resistance.
    Effect of nimodipine conjoin pulse activating injection on premature intracranial hemorrhage
    ZHU Bing-liang,LI Jin-cheng,SUN Su-fang,HUANG Qiu-jing
    JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (HEALTH SCIENCES). 2007, 45(5):  538-540. 
    Abstract ( 1363 )   PDF (241KB) ( 544 )   Save
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    Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of nimodipine conjoin pulse activating injection on pretmature intracranial hemorrhage. Methods: One hundred and thirty-eight patients who had intracranial hemorrhage were randomly divided into the treatment group(n=78) and the control group(n=60). The complications were positively treated, and also the treatment group accepted nimodipine conjoin pulse activating injection. The effective rate, mortality, occurrence of hydrocephalus, peri-ventricular leucomalacia, mental retardation and cerebral palsy were observed. Results: The efficacy of the treatment group (78.1%) was better than that of the control group (55.0%) (P<0.01). The mortality and the occurrence rate of hydrocephalus, peri-ventricular leucomalacia, mental retardation and cerebral palsy of the treatment group were respectively 11.5%, 8.7%, 18.5%, 8.7% and 4.3%, which were all significantly lower than those of the control group: 25.0%, 37.7%, 37.8%, 33.0% and 17.0%(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions: Nimodipine conjoin pulse activating injection is a safe and effective method for premature intracranial hemorrhage. It cannot only reduce the mortality, but also decreases the complications and sequela.
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