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Current status and prospect of viral vaccines research and development Kai WANG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 8-14.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0273 Abstract （2962）   HTML （172）    PDF（pc） （1285KB）（1218）       Save Virus infection can cause several diseases in human. In the past decades, outbreaks and epidemics of respiratory infectious diseases caused by coronary viruses, especially coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have become serious health hazards and posed huge challenges to public health. The development and application of viral vaccines have been an important means to counteract the spread of viruses. Historically, poliovirus and hepatitis B virus vaccines have successfully suppressed the transmission of diseases and provided a model for the development of vaccines. Recently, the emergence of novel technologies and platforms such as recombinant viral vector and mRNA vaccine has provided new approaches to the development of vaccines against emerging infectious diseases including COVID-19. This paper reviews the current situation and progress of platforms, summarizes problems to be solved, and forecasts the directions of viral vaccines development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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SARS-CoV-2 infection, innate immunity and inflammatory response Xi ZHOU,Muhan HUANG,Yujie REN,Yang QIU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 15-21.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0368 Abstract （3162）   HTML （188）    PDF（pc） （1512KB）（941）       Save Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become the worst pandemic and public health crisis across the globe once a century. This pandemic has caused huge losses in both human lives and global economy. Innate immunity is the first line of defense against pathogenic invasions. Extensive studies by scientists in China and the world have reported that SARS-CoV-2 can employ multiple strategies to evade host innate immunity, and such immune evasion mechanisms have become critical contributing factors for the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2. On the other hand, the pathogenesis of COVID-19 has been found to be closely relevant with the pro-inflammatory responses induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. This paper provides a brief review to the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and innate immunity as well as inflammation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prevention and control of emerging viral infectious diseases and biosafety Hongling WEN,Xiaoying XU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 40-45.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0308 Abstract （2114）   HTML （76）    PDF（pc） （1430KB）（809）       Save In recent years, the frequent occurrences of emerging infectious diseases, especially the interspecies transmission of animal-borne viruses, have brought immense challenges to the prevention and control of infectious diseases and biosafety, such as laboratory biosafety, frontier port biosafety and dual-use biotechnology. Currently the international biosafety situation is serious, characterized with internationalization, extreme harm and complicated development. Biosafety has become a major issue endangering national security, which has aroused great concern about virology and biological threats. In this paper, the occurrence, prevention and control of emerging viral infectious diseases and the status quo of biosafety in basic research were reviewed, various problems were summarized, and the future development of biosafety was prospected. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on factors influencing the protective effects of influenza vaccines Yuelong SHU,Simin WEN Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 1-7.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0319 Abstract （1117）   HTML （33）    PDF（pc） （1140KB）（656）       Save Annual vaccination is the best prevention of influenza. However, the protective effects of influenza vaccines currently used are poor due to variation of influenza viruses. The protective effects can also be affected by other factors including the genetic factor, and it is important to fully identify these related factors. In this paper, we briefly summarized the factors that may influence the protective effects of influenza vaccines from the aspects of the matching degree of circulating strains and vaccine strains, vaccine factors and host factors, and proposed the development direction of new influenza vaccines in the future. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expressions of DNA methyltransferases in gastric cancer and their clinical significance CHU Yan, LIU Duanrui, ZHU Wenshuai, FAN Rong, MA Xiaoli, WANG Yunshan, JIA Yanfei Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 1-9.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0055 Abstract （1376）      PDF（pc） （8641KB）（485）       Save Objective To investigate the expressions of DNA methyltransferases(DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B)in gastric cancer and its correlation with the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of gastric cancer. Methods Based on TCGA and GEO data, the differences in DNA methyltransferases expressions were compared between gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues; the effects of DNA methyltransferases on the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier plotter; the relationship between DNA methyltransferases and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed; the biological function of DNMT3B was explored with gene enrichment analysis(GSEA)binding protein interaction network. The mechanism of DNMT3B elevation in the progression of gastric cancer was also analyzed. Results The expressions of three DNA methyltransferases in gastric cancer tissues were higher than those in adjacent normal tissues; survival analysis showed that patients with high expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B had shorter overall survival; DNMT3B expression was related to the histological type, and was high in intestinal type gastric cancer; Helicobacter pylori infection promoted the expression of DNMT3B; DNMT3B promoted the progression of gastric cancer by affecting the methylation of BUB1 and HDAC2. Conclusion DNA methyltransferases are highly expressed in gastric cancer. DNMT3B is a prognostic indicator of gastric cancer and may be a biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Causal influence of lung function on risk of fatality of COVID-19: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study YANG Xuan, LI Yanzhi, MA Wei, JIA Chongqi Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 104-111.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0241 Abstract （1845）      PDF（pc） （15618KB）（398）       Save Objective To investigate whether lung function was causally associated with risk of fatality of COVID-19 based on a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Methods This two-sample Mendelian randomization study used summary-level datasets of genome-wide association studies(GWAS)of forced vital capacity(FVC)and risk of fatality of COVID-19 from the UK Biobank. Inverse-variance weighted(IVW), MR-Egger regression, and weighted median estimator(WME)were conducted to investigate the association of lung function with risk of fatality of COVID-19, in which the OR values were used as indicators. Results A total of 287 single nucleotide polymorphisms were enrolled as instrumental variables. Statistically significant directional pleiotropy was not found(P=0.107). IVW regression demonstrated that per 1 elevated SD of FVC resulted in decreasing 62% of fatality risk in COVID-19 patients(OR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.18-0.80). MR-Egger regression also obtained a similar effect(OR=0.08, 95%CI: 0.01-0.61). WME analysis showed no significant association of FVC with risk of fatality of COVID-19(OR=0.44, 95%CI: 0.14-1.42). Conclusion Lung function might be negatively related to risk of fatality of COVID-19. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of social capital on health promotion behaviors of the elderly WANG Xin, GUO Dan, LIANG Jiarui, GUO Li, WANG Jian Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 97-103.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0023 Abstract （926）      PDF（pc） （530KB）（387）       Save Objective To Explore the influence of social capital on the health promotion behavior of the elderly, and provide scientific basis for improving the health promotion behavior level of the elderly and improving their health status. Methods In March 2019, through a multi-stage stratified random sampling method, using self-designed general situation questionnaires, social capital questionnaires, and the revised Chinese version of the Health Promotion Lifestyle Rating Scale(HPLP-IIR), a questionnaire survey was conducted among 356 community elderly over 60 years old in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. The data were analyzed by t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation and multiple stepwise regression methods. Results The health promotion lifestyle score of the elderly in Taiyuan community was 108.84±33.43, which was in a good level. The differences in health promotion behaviors of the elderly with different gender, income status and education level were statistically significant(all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the social capital and its dimensions of the elderly were positively correlated with health promotion behaviors and its dimensions(r=0.102-0.424, all P<0.05). The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that gender(β=0.107), income status(β=0.194), social connection(β=0.319), and social control(β=0.175)were influencing factors of health-promoting behaviors, accounting for 23.2% of the variance in health-promoting behaviors. Conclusion By increasing the level of social capital of the elderly, their health promotion behaviors can be significantly improved. Among them, social connection and social control show a strong positive effect. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current progress on prevention of mother to child transmission of hepatitis B virus Yuchen FAN Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 46-51,67.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0262 Abstract （899）   HTML （19）    PDF（pc） （1386KB）（359）       Save Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public threat, which leads to chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis, liver cancer and liver failure. Mother to child transmission is one of the main ways of HBV transmission. It is of great significance to block the mother to child transmission of HBV through effective intervention to reduce the infection rate of HBV and reduce the burden of HBV related diseases. With the continuous development of China's economy and medical level, measures to prevent mother to child transmission of HBV are constantly improved, which greatly reduces the prevalence of HBV in China. This article summarizes the clinical guidelines and norms for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HBV in China, and summarizes the hot issues and related progress in this field. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of orthopaedic diseases Lin HUANG,Zhen CHE,Ming LI,Yuxi LI,Qing NING Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (3): 37-45.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2022.1426 Abstract （562）   HTML （13）    PDF（pc） （1382KB）（358）       Save Artificial intelligence (AI) is a new technical science, which conducts deep research and development of theories, methods, core technologies, application software and control systems for the simulation, extension and expansion of human brain intelligence. Its professional fields include robotics, image recognition and expert systems, and so on. AI has an important application value in many medical disciplines, especially in orthopedics. It not only improves the working efficiency of imaging doctors and orthopedic surgeons and reduces the workload, but also provides more safe, reliable and powerful clinical technical support for patients, bringing a great promotion to the diagnosis and treatment of orthopedic diseases. This paper reviews the latest research achievements and limitations of AI in orthopedic diseases, aiming to provide literature reference for the deep integration of AI and orthopedics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Computer vision and lumbar degenerative disease Shiqing FENG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (3): 1-6.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2022.0902 Abstract （350）   HTML （6）    PDF（pc） （2583KB）（309）       Save As an important branch of computer science, computer vision has gradually attracted people's attention, benefited by the development of artificial intelligence in recent years. Some classical algorithms have been industrialized in areas such as autonomous driving or security cameras. Medical image analysis is currently considered one of the most likely areas to achieve industrialization and a hotspot in artificial intelligence research. Computer vision research on lumbar degenerative diseases has sprung up with the development of deep learning algorithms lately. We will review the status of computer vision research related to lumbar degenerative disease, which will be helpful for the understanding of the situation and future trend in the topic. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances on risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of Kümmell's disease Haipeng SI,Wencan ZHANG,Le LI,Xin ZHOU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (6): 25-32.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0052 Abstract （1082）   HTML （28）    PDF（pc） （918KB）（301）       Save Kümmell's disease is post-traumatic delayed vertebral compression fracture that occurs on the basis of severe osteoporosis. Failure to pay attention or improper treatment may cause kyphosis and severe neurological symptoms, which will have a huge blow on patients' quality of life and cause a heavy family burden. With the aging of population and improvement of medical standards, the incidence and diagnosis rate of Kümmell's disease have been increasing. New technologies of diagnosis and treatment are also emerging. This article summarizes the development, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical stage, treatment options of Kümmell's disease so as to provide guidance for clinicians. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances of spine surgery robot Fuxin DU,Tichong ZHANG,Qianqian LI,Rui SONG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (3): 46-56.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2023.0018 Abstract （666）   HTML （32）    PDF（pc） （24492KB）（289）       Save Spine surgery robot has advantages of accurate positioning, stable operation and reduced radiation exposure. With great clinical application value, it has become a hot field of research and application in recent years. This paper classifies spine surgery robot into guided and active operation according to different scenarios, and introduces spine robots developed by domestic and foreign research institutions and companies and their latest achievements, and elaborates and summarizes the key technologies and future development trends. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Factors related to decision-making of breast-conserving surgery for female breast cancer Yajie ZHOU,Fei WANG,Lixiang YU,Zhigang YU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2022, 60 (12): 1-6.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2022.1143 Abstract （448）   HTML （11）    PDF（pc） （1356KB）（288）       Save Breast-conserving surgery has become the standard operation for women with early breast cancer. However, the overall rate of the surgery is still low in China, and many patients with indications failed to receive breast-conserving surgery. Factors affecting the decision to receive surgery are complex, involving social and economic factors such as age, family income and education level. In addition, recommendations of doctors, medical services related to radiation therapy, concern of recurrence also have impacts. This article will review related factors influencing the decision-making of breast cancer patients with breast-conserving surgery indications, so as to provide reference for improving the rate of surgery. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of EBV on the epigenetics of gastric carcinoma Bing LUO Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 30-39.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0272 Abstract （887）   HTML （6）    PDF（pc） （1391KB）（277）       Save Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an important human tumor virus, is closely related to the occurrence of a variety of tumors, including 10% gastric cancer. The role of EBV in gastric carcinogenesis has received increasing attention and EBV is considered to be another pathogenic factor in addition to Helicobacter pylori. In EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC), a typical characteristic is the extensive methylation of viral and host genomes, which expresses a limited number of viral genes including EBV nuclear antigen 1, EBV encoded small RNAs, Bam HI-A rightward transcripts, latent membrane protein 2A and miRNAs. Combined with other epigenetic mechanisms, EBV infection acts as an epigenetic driver of EBVaGC oncogenesis. This review will discuss the impact of EBV on the epigenetic alterations in EBVaGC and its role in oncogenesis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Zika virus infection and disease Jing AN,Zhengran SONG,Zida ZHEN,Yanhua WU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 22-29.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0332 Abstract （1354）   HTML （29）    PDF（pc） （1868KB）（276）       Save Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus in the family Flaviviridae, which is the pathogen of ZIKV disease (ZVD). First identified in 1947, ZIKV caused sporadic infections in human. However, since 2007, ZIKV infections have spread around the world and caused severe neurological complications such as microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Notably, ZIKV can be sexually transmitted and affect male reproductive health. The World Health Organization declared in February 2016 ZIKV to be an international public health emergency. This paper provides a brief review to ZIKV epidemiology and ZVD complications. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 125-128.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0271 Abstract （643）      PDF（pc） （1984KB）（272）       Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic characteristics and molecular variation of human rhinovirus genetype B83 in Jinan Huailong ZHAO,Yan LYU,Hong ZHAO,Baotian ZHAO,Ying HAN,Jing PAN,Xiaoman DING,Chunrong WANG,Xiuyun HAN,Lanzheng LIU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 68-72, 81.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0265 Abstract （1034）   HTML （4）    PDF（pc） （1198KB）（252）       Save Objective: To analyze the genetic characteristics and molecular variation of human rhinovirus (HRV) identified in Jinan, 2020. Methods: The samples collected form influenza-like illness were tested by realtime RT-PCR and the HRV nucleic acid positive sample was sequenced with metagenome sequencing technology. Molecular variation and phylogenetic trees of VP4/VP2 coding region were analyzed using the softwares Lasergene 7.1 and MEGA 5.2. Results: The 7 219 nt complete genome sequence of JN909 was obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of VP4/VP2 coding region on HRV positive strain agreed with the serotype HRV B83. The JN909 was genetically closed to the SC0340 strain found in Seattle City of USA (GenBank accession number: MN306025), with a nucleotide similarity of 98.5% and deduced amino acid similarity of 99.7% of ORF, and there were 6 sites mutation between stains, in which substitutions A23T and P275L sites were located in VP1. Conclusion: There is a high homology between JN909 and SC0340 strains, and only 6 sites amino acid mutations occurs. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic characteristics of H10 subtype avian influenza virus in three southern provinces of China Xiaoxu ZENG,Heng ZHANG,Ming JIAO,Tao CHEN,Xiyan LI,Weijuan HUANG,Jing YANG,Dayan WANG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 52-59.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0220 Abstract （1088）   HTML （5）    PDF（pc） （9707KB）（250）       Save Objective: To explore the genetic characteristics of avian influenza virus (AIVs) between 2014 and 2019 in three southern provinces of China. Methods: A total of 30 231 environment samples isolated from Jiangxi, Hunan and Guangxi provinces from 2014 to 2019 were tested for flu A with real-time RT-PCR. If the testing results were positive, the samples were propagated in SPF chicken embryonated eggs. All positive AIVs isolations were sequenced. CLC, CD-HIT, MAFFT v7.037 and MEGA v6.06 software were used to analyze the influenza sequences. Results: Altogether 11 H10 subtype AIVs were isolated. Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that all genes were classified into Eurasian lineage, except 3 N8 genes in the North American lineage. JX24472 had close relationship with human infection H10N8 AIVs in its HA segment. The internal genome of 5 H10N3 subtype AIVs isolated from Jiangxi Province suggested their genome were diverse and complex. Molecular characteristic analysis of H10 subtype AIVs revealed that several mutations in key amino acid sites were associated with receptor binding sites, pathogenicity in mice and transmissibility in mammals. Conclusion: Phylogenetic analyses of the 11 H10 subtype AIVs isolated in this research suggested that they were in different clade with human infected H10N8 AIVs, except JX24472. Whereas the amino acid characterization analysis suggested that these H10 subtype viruses had the potential to infect human or poultry to make them sick. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the continuous surveillance of H10 subtype AIVs and prepare for the next potential pandemic. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cognitive behavioral therapy of suicidality Xianyun LI,Fude YANG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2022, 60 (4): 1-9.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0016 Abstract （807）   HTML （18）    PDF（pc） （1963KB）（247）       Save An individual's suicidality or suicidal behavior is caused by biological, psychological, and sociological factors. Usually, the biological susceptibility and social factors of individual's suicidality are unable or quite difficult to be changed, but the individuals with suicidality (patients) can learn to change their dysfunctional cognition or behavior and make their cognition and behavior more adaptive and helpful after accepting cognitive behavior therapy(CBT). Then the patients can gradually feel that they have a way to alleviate pain and stay away from suicide. The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in suicide prevention and intervention among the people with high risk factors has been confirmed by research. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reliability and validity of Co-rumination Questionnaire in 1 354 college nursing students ZHANG Yunxue, XIE Zihui, LYU Gaorong, SHEN Shiyu, LI Ping Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 85-90.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0039 Abstract （932）      PDF（pc） （594KB）（244）       Save Objective To assess co-rumination of college nursing students, translate the English version of Co-rumination Questionnaire(CRQ)into Chinese and revise it, and evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Methods After translating the English version of CRQ with the permission of the author of the original English scale, totally 1 354 nursing students completed the Chinese version of CRQ for investigating co-rumination in which individuals excessively discussed personal problems within a dyadic relationship. Then the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of CRQ were tested. Results The simplified Chinese version of 9-item Co-rumination Questionnaire(CRQ-9)was obtained. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fitting degree of the single-dimensional model was good, with χ2/df and root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA)being 2.584 and 0.048, respectively, and goodness-of-fit index(GFI), adjusted goodness-of-fit index(AGFI), comparative fit index(CFI), incremental fit index(IFI), and Tacker-Lewis index(TLI)being more than 0.900. The score of CRQ-9 was positively correlated with anxiety, depression, perspective taking and personal distress(r=0.195-0.315, all P<0.001). Cronbach α coefficient was 0.875 and Guttman split-half reliability was 0. 899(P<0.01). Conclusion The single factor structure of CRQ-9 is consistent with the original scale and CRQ-9 has good reliability and validity, and can be generalized to evaluate co-rumination of Chinese college nursing students. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progresses and trends of intelligent technologies in orthopedic shock wave therapy Yajun LIU,Zhao LANG,Anyi GUO,Wenyong LIU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (3): 7-13.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2022.1331 Abstract （518）   HTML （14）    PDF（pc） （1260KB）（217）       Save Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is widely adopted in clinical orthopedics for its safe and non-invasive treatment. However, the experience-based subjective decision-making and long-lasting manual operation of physicians in the conventional orthopedic ESWT have limited its further development. As intelligent technologies are rapidly getting into the orthopedic ESWT, this review summarizes the state-of-the-art of research and application of intelligent technologies in orthopedic ESWT from aspects of computer navigation, machine learning and robotics. Computer navigation technologies can intuitively assist physicians to accurately locate the shock wave probe on the anatomical target of patients. The machine learning methods can automatically predict energy parameters in ESWT. Robotic systems have demonstrated their potential advantages in clinical efficacy especially in the dramatical alleviation of the operation intensity of physicians. These intelligent technologies provide comprehensive support for intellectualization of orthopedic ESWT from eye, brain and hand, respectively. This review also concludes the future technical trends from aspects of the ESWT biological mechanism and dose-effect relationship, the treatment protocol planning and usability of machine learning, and the treatment automation and robotic assistance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of calcitriol on EMT induced by TGF-β1 in asthma ZHANG Qian, QIN Mingming, HE Xuejia, CAI Qiujing, ZHANG Yamin, LI Qingsu, ZHU Weiwei Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 10-18.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0335 Abstract （880）      PDF（pc） （6433KB）（206）       Save Objective To investigate the effects of calcitriol on the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT)of human bronchial epithelial cells(BEAS-2B)induced by transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1), and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of asthma airway remodeling. Methods The optimal time of TGF-β1 acting on BEAS-2B cells to induce EMT was screened, and the cells were divided into blank group, 24 h TGF-β1 group, 48h TGF-β1 group, and 72 h TGF-β1 group. The optimal concentration of TGF-β1 acting on BEAS-2B cells to induce EMT was screened, and the cells were divided into blank group, 0.1 ng/mL TGF-β1 group, 1 ng/mL TGF-β1 group, 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 group, and 100 ng/mL TGF-β1 group. After pretreatment with calcitriol, the cells were divided into blank group, TGF-β1 group, calcitriol group, and TGF-β1+calcitriol group. The expressions of E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin, p-Akt and p-mTOR were detected with Western blotting. The migration ability of cells was detected with Transwell assay and scratch test. Results Western blotting showed statistically significant differences in the expressions of E-Cadherin(F=53.245, P<0.001)and N-Cadherin(F=54.429, P<0.001)in the blank group, 24 h TGF-β1 group, 48 h TGF-β1 group and 72 h TGF-β1 group. The expression of E-Cadherin in the 1ng/mL TGF-β1 group, 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 group and 100 ng/mL TGF-β1 group were significantly different with that in the blank group(F=27.368, P<0.001), and the expression of N-Cadherin was also different(F=14.272, P<0.001), among which the 10ng/ml TGF-β1 group for 48h showed the most significant difference. TGF-β1 induced the expression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway related proteins and the expressions of interstitial markers in human bronchial epithelial cells, and the effects of TGF-β1 were statistically significant(P<0.001). However, calcitriol attenuated the effects, and the effects of calcitriol were statistically significant(P<0.001). There was no interaction between TGF-β1 and calcitriol(P>0.05). The results of Transwell test and scratch test showed that the migration ability of BEAS-2B cells in TGF-β1 treatment group was increased compared with that in the blank group(P<0.001). Compared with the TGF-β1 group, the TGF-β1+calcitriol group had decreased migration ability(P<0.001). Conclusion Calcitriol can inhibit the EMT bronchial epithelial cells induced by TGF-β1, thereby reducing airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma, which may involve calcitriol reducing the TGF-β1-activated proteins of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk factors influencing prognosis of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in pregnant and parturient women CHEN Liyu, XIAO Juan, LYU Xianzhong, DUAN Baomin, HONG Fanzhen Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 38-42.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0482 Abstract （915）      PDF（pc） （440KB）（197）       Save Objective To investigate the risk factors affecting the prognosis of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)in pregnant and parturient women. Methods Clinical data of 37 pregnant women with DVT who underwent obstetric examination and delivered in The Second Hospital of Shandong University during Dec. 2015 and Jan. 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to thrombus status, the subjects were divided into two groups: thrombus disappearance group(n=13)and thrombus residue group(n=24). Independent sample t test, rank sum test(Mann-Whitney U test)and χ2 test were used for univariate analysis of clinical characteristics, laboratory indicators and VTE risk factors score of the two groups. Results The D-dimer was 1 340.50(659.00, 2 447.75)ng/mL in the thrombus disappearance group, and 3 105.00(1 709.50, 6 146.00)ng/mL in the thrombus reside group(P=0.009). VTE risk factors score was 3.31±1.11 in the thrombus disappearance group and 4.96±1.94 in the thrombus residue group(P=0.002). The number of cases complicated with preeclampsia during pregnancy was 0 case(0%)in the thrombus disappearance group and 6 cases(25%)in the thrombus residue group(P=0.038). Conclusion High score of VTE risk factors, complicated preeclampsia and high concentration of D-dimer are the risk factors for residual thrombus in pregnant and maternal DVT patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus of practical clinical classification system with optimal surgical strategy for cesarean scar pregnancy Yanli BAN, Ying Yanli Writing experts: ZHAO, Hua LI, Wei LIU, Fengnian RONG, Shuping ZHAO, Baoxia CUI Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (11): 1-10.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2023.0988 Abstract （243）   HTML （53）    PDF（pc） （6842KB）（190）       Save Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is a special type of ectopic pregnancy in which a pregnancy sac is implanted at the scar of a previous caesarean section. Without appropriate diagnosis or treatment, it can lead to severe morbidity such as life-threatening massive hemorrhage, and uterine rupture, with subsequent effect of fertility, physical and mental health of patients. Although many different treatment options have been described, there is still no consensus on the optimal surgical treatment strategy. In recent years, treatment of CSP based on classification has drawn more and more attention. The practical clinical classification system with optimal surgical strategy for CSP has been widely validated in Shandong Province, which shows good application value and reliable therapeutic effects. Based on this classification system, and combined with clinical experience and the latest clinical research results, the expert consensus of clinical classification system and surgical strategy for CSP is formulated, aiming to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment, and to guide clinical work. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Knockdowa of LncRNA H19 inhibits sympathetic nerve remodeling after myocardial infarction by regulating nerve growth factor ZHANG Xueli, ZHENG Lu, WANG Yu, WANG Kang, YAN Suhua Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 73-81.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2020.1534 Abstract （788）      PDF（pc） （9043KB）（188）    PDF（mobile） （8538KB）（4）    Save Objective To explore the roles of H19 and nerve growth factor(NGF)in the development of ventricular arrhythmias(VAs)after myocardial infarction(MI). Methods MI rat models were established by left coronary artery occlusion. (1)A total of 14 healthy Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into the MI group and sham group, with 7 rats in each group. Seven days after MI was induced, the rats were sacrificed to determine the H19 expression with qRT-PCR. (2)A total of 32 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham+NC group, sham+siH19 group, MI+NC group and MI+siH19 group, with 8 rats in each group. H19-siRNA or the control virus was injected into the left ventricular myocardium of the rats. Programmed electrical stimulation was performed 7 days after MI was induced to observe the susceptibility to VAs. The effects of H19 on NGF, tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)and growth-associated protein 43(GAP43)were detected with qRT-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. (3)A total of 24 rats were randomly divided into the MI+NC group, MI+siH19 group and MI+siH19+LV-NGF group for rescue test, with 8 rats in each group. The expressions of NGF, TH and GAP43 were detected with Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Results The expression of H19 were up-regulated 7 days after MI was induced(P<0.001). H19 knockdown suppressed the positive staining area of TH and GAP43(P<0.001), decreased the susceptibility to VAs(P<0.01), and inhibited the expression of NGF(Z=-2.402, P=0.016). The inhibitory effect of H19 knockdown on sympathetic remodeling could be saved by overexpressed NGF(PTH<0.001, PGAP43=0.001). Conclusion H19 knockdown after myocardial infarction can inhibit sympathetic nerve remodeling by regulating the expressiou of NGF, thus reducing the incidence of arrhythmia. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in the establishment and application of organoids of bladder cancer Andong GUO,Sentai DING Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (11): 20-26.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2023.0900 Abstract （176）   HTML （14）    PDF（pc） （2324KB）（188）       Save Bladder cancer is a common disease of the urinary system. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for inoperable and metastatic myometrial invasive bladder cancer. However, due to resistance, a large number of patients fail in chemotherapy, which leads to tumor recurrence and progression. In recent years, organoid models have become a hot spot in the research of pathogenesis, metastasis and drug sensitivity. The successful establishment of bladder cancer organoids is a breakthrough in the clinical treatment of bladder cancer, because organoids and primary tissues have a high degree of genetic and phenotypic consistency, which can help us better understand the genomic changes of bladder cancer, and detect drug sensitivity and resistance. This article aims to review and analyze the construction process, characteristics, advantages and applications of bladder cancer organoids as preclinical models. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of ARIMA multiplicative seasonal model in the prediction of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in Shandong Province TIAN Qing, LIU Yongpeng, ZHANG Jingjing, LIU Hongqing Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 112-118.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0049 Abstract （828）      PDF（pc） （3040KB）（183）       Save Objective According to the seasonality and trend of pulmonary tuberculosis in Shandong Province, to establish an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average(ARIMA)product seasonal model, predict the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Shandong Province and adjust prevention and control measures. Methods An optimal model for the monthly data of pulmonary tuberculosis infectious diseases in Shandong Province from January 2010 to December 2019 was established using R software. The number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases from January to October 2020 was predicted and compared with the actual value to evaluate the prediction effect of the model. Further, the incidence trend of pulmonary tuberculosis cases from November 2020 to December 2021 was predicted. Results The number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Shandong Province showed an annual cycle, and the optimal model is ARIMA(3,1,0)(0,1,1)12. The accuracy of fitting results from January 2010 to December 2019 showed that the mean absolute percentage error was only 5.50%. The mean absolute percentage error of the model prediction from January to October 2020 was 21.69%. Compared with the same period, there was a slight change in the number of cases from November 2020 to December 2021. Conclusion The ARIMA product seasonal model can rather satisfactorily fit and predict the incidence of tuberculosis in Shandong Province. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comprehensive teaching reform and exploration of Medical Statistics under the guidance of “student-centered” concept LIU Jing, YUAN Zhongshang, LI Xiujun, SUN Xiubin, MA Xufei, ZHAO Xiulan Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 119-124.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0216 Abstract （1027）      PDF（pc） （492KB）（180）       Save Objective To carry out comprehensive teaching reform and practice in view of the widespread anxiety and negative attitudes among medical students in studying Medical Statistics in order to improve the teaching effects of this course. Methods Teachers enhanced their level of educational theories. Adhering to moral education value orientation and based on “student-centered” idea and the cognitive law of “practice-theory-practice”, the team carried out empirical research on students psychological problems in learning, helped students overcome learning barriers, modulated teaching practice with the research results, and then conducted out a comprehensive teaching reform of “idea promotion, reform practice and effect evaluation” on the course of Medical Statistics. Results Teachers theoretical level and teaching skills were improved, and students interests in learning and innovation were enhanced. Students attitudes towards this course became positive, their anxiety was alleviated, and their course performance was significantly improved. As a result, the teaching objectives were effectively achieved. Conclusion This reform is a successful attempt to implement the “student-centered” concept into teaching practice, which provides valuable experience and a new direction for the teaching reform of Medical Statistics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A retrospective analysis of chromosome karyotypes in RSA couples from assisted reproductive population ZHAO Bingqing, GAO Xuan, LI Jiangxia Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 26-31.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0102 Abstract （866）      PDF（pc） （828KB）（178）       Save Objective To analyze the peripheral blood chromosome karyotypes of patients assisted with reproductive technology, so as to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment and genetic counseling. Methods From Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2018, 1 438(719 couples)patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA)and 3 292(1 646 couples)patients with one-time spontaneous abortion undergoing assisted reproduction were selected for chromosome karyotype analysis. The types, incidences and ratios of chromosome variations between males and females were compared. Relationship between the number of spontaneous abortions and chromosome karyotypes was analyzed. Results Of the 1 438(719 couples)RSA patients, 320 chromosome abnormalities were detected, among which 165 were male cases and 155 were female cases. Chromosomal structural aberrations accounted for 57.58% of chromosomal abnormalities. The ratio of mutual translocations was the highest. For the number of abortions, significant differences were detected in chromosome reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation between one-time spontaneous abortion group and RSA group(P<0.01), but no significant difference in chromosome inversion was observed(male P=0.21, female P=0.83). As the number of abortions increased, the trends of male and female chromosome aberration were statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusion The rate of chromosomal abnormality in patients with one-time spontaneous abortion is lower than that in RSA patients. The most common chromosomal abnormality in RSA patients is chromosomal translocation, and the rate of chromosomal abnormality is not related to the number of abortions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Positive distribution of four dominant enteroviruses associated with hand, foot and mouth disease and VP1 genotypes in Jinan, China, 2012-2017 Hengyun GUAN,Chunrong WANG,Lanzheng LIU,Huailong ZHAO,Aiying BAI,Huiyu JIANG,Hua DONG,Na LI,Xiaoying SHAN,Hongqi CHENG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 60-67.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0278 Abstract （778）   HTML （8）    PDF（pc） （14314KB）（176）       Save Objective: To elucidate the dominant enteroviruses associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and the distributions of VP1 genotypes in Jinan City. Methods: Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16), coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) in 4929 HFMD specimens from 2012 to 2017 in Jinan. According to different years, 65 virus isolates of HFMD were retrospectively collected, including 17 strains of EV-A71, 16 of CV-A16, 20 of CV-A6 and 12 of CV-A10. The VP1 gene of enteroviruses was amplified by RT-PCR and the nucleotide sequencing was performed. Nucleotide homology analyses were performed and phylogenetic trees were constructed on the VP1 gene. Results: The dominant enteroviruses of HFMD were CV-A16 (28.3%), EV-A71(27.3%), CV-A6(17.0%) and CV-A10(3.0%) in Jinan. The lengths of VP1 gene on CV-A16, EV-A71, CV-A6 and CV-A10 amplified by RT-PCR were 891 bp, 1 015 bp, 1 110 bp and 993 bp, respectively. The nucleotide homology was 93.0%-98.1% for EV-A71 strains, 87.4%-100.0% for CV-A16 strains, 87.6%-99.7% for CV-A6 strains, and 95.8%-99.4% for CV-A10 strains. The phylogenetic trees showed that EV-A71 strains belonged to C4a genotype in Jinan, CV-A16 strains had two genetic subtypes (B1b and B1a); CV-A6 strains located in clusters C, E and F, and CV-A10 strains located in cluster E. Conclusion: The dominant enteroviruses of HFMD are CV-A16, EV-A71, CV-A6 and CV-A10 from 2012 to 2017 in Jinan. The long-term dynamic monitoring of the distribution of VP1 genotypes is of great public health significance for improving the early warning sensitivity for HFMD. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research status and development prospect of deep learning in medical imaging Bingjie LIN,Meiyun WANG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (12): 21-29.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2023.0774 Abstract （256）   HTML （13）    PDF（pc） （1607KB）（170）       Save Precision medicine, imaging first; precision imaging, technology first. In recent years, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, deep learning, as an important branch, has been widely used in many fields such as signal processing, computer vision and natural language processing, etc., among which medical image data segmentation, disease detection and prognosis prediction based on deep learning have become the hot spots of many scholars' research. In this paper, we will briefly outline the current status of deep learning application in the main technical fields of medical imaging, and analyze the challenges and development prospects of its clinical application in medical imaging, aiming to provide reference for the transformation of deep learning algorithms in the clinic. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of machine learning used in the field of suicide Li KUANG,Xiaoming XU,Qi ZENG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2022, 60 (4): 10-16.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0175 Abstract （655）   HTML （33）    PDF（pc） （1582KB）（169）       Save A total of 800, 000 people die of suicide every year over the world, and the number of attempted suicides is about 20 times number of suicide. Suicide not only is a serious public health event, but also significantly and far-reachingly impact on people around suicides. More accurate, convenient, and timely prediction of suicidal behavior has always been the goal of researchers. This study summarized the researches on machine learning applied to suicidal ideation and behavior in the past 5 years, analyzed the effectiveness and feasibility of machine learning for suicide research, made recommendations, and provided a direction for future research. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal deformity Nan WU,Jianguo ZHANG,Yuanpeng ZHU,Guilin CHEN,Zefu CHEN Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (3): 14-20.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2022.0956 Abstract （389）   HTML （8）    PDF（pc） （1691KB）（165）       Save Spinal deformity is a highly teratogenic and disabling disease, whose age of onset covers the entire life cycle. With the rapid development of computer technology, artificial intelligence has made remarkable progress, and has huge application potential in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, especially in the screening, diagnosis and treatment, surgical decision-making, intraoperative operations and complication prediction of spinal deformities. In the past few years, a large number of researches have explored in the related fields and proposed plentiful well-working and promising projects and models. This paper will review the latest advances. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Machine learning models based on interpretive CMR parameters can predict the prognosis of pediatric myocarditis TIAN Yaotian, WANG Bao, LI Yeqin, WANG Teng, TIAN Liwen, HAN Bo, WANG Cuiyan Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 43-49.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0031 Abstract （855）      PDF（pc） （4550KB）（159）       Save Objective To develop and validate machine learning models based on interpretive cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR)parameters for prognosis evaluation of pediatric myocarditis. Methods A retrospective analysis of 45 pediatric patients with myocarditis was conducted. According to whether adverse cardiac events(ACE)occurred, the patients were divided into poor prognosis group(n=18)and good prognosis group(n=27). CMR scans were performed after hospitalization and 206 interpretive CMR parameters about myocardial function, myocardial strain, first-pass perfusion and late gadolinium enhancement(LGE)were obtained. The parameters were trained by the classification learner App in MATLAB and the training model with the highest accuracy was chosen as the best model. The receiver-operating characteristics(ROC)curve of the machine learning model was drawn to determine the prognostic performance. Results A total of 14 CMR parameters were selected as predictive factors, and those without correlation were used to construct the combined parameters. Among all these parameters, maximal signal intensity percentage(SI %)of the 7th segment of AHA had the best performance(AUC: 0.790, sensitivity: 0.667, specificity: 0.833). Combined parameters achieved the highest performance(AUC: 0.940, sensitivity: 0.750, specificity: 0.889). Conclusion The machine learning models based on interpretive CMR parameters can be used for prognosis evaluation of pediatric myocarditis, and combination of interpretive CMR parameters training with machine learning is more accurate than single ones. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Gn stimulation duration on pregnancy outcome of IVF-ET in long GnRHa protocol WU Xiaolin, LI Ping Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 32-37.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2020.1671 Abstract （955）      PDF（pc） （483KB）（154）       Save Objective To investigate the effect of the duration of gonadotropin(Gn)in the controlled ovarian hyper stimulation(COH)cycle on the number of eggs obtained, embryo development, and pregnancy outcome in those with good ovarian response, and to analyze the possible factors that contributed to the prolongation of Gn use. Methods A total of 3 054 patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET)were divided into groups A, B, and C according to the days of Gn use(group A: Gn days≤7 d; group B: 8 d ≤Gn days ≤11 d; group C: Gn days ≥12 d).The baseline data, COH and pregnancy outcomes were compared. The possible factors leading to the prolongation of Gn use were analyzed with Logistics regression. Results The highest BMI and FSH levels were found in group C(P=0.001), while the lowest AMH and AFC levels were found in group C(P=0.022, 0.002). The Gn starting dose, total Gn dose and downregulation days in group A were the least among the three groups(P<0.001). There were no significant differences among the three groups in indicators related to COH treatment and pregnancy outcomes(P=0.86, 0.57, 0.91, 0.64). Logistics regression showed that higher BMI and Gn starting dose were risk factors of prolonged Gn use, while higher AMH and AFC, lower FSH level and shorter downregulation days were protective factors of prolonged Gn use. Conclusion The duration of Gn use has no significant effect on the pregnancy outcomes of IVF-ET. Higher BMI and Gn starting dose can significantly prolong Gn use, while higher AMH and AFC, lower FSH level and shorter downregulation days can significantly shorten Gn use. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress in the application of artificial intelligence in myocardial imaging Pei NIE,Ximing WANG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (12): 1-6.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2023.0773 Abstract （167）   HTML （18）    PDF（pc） （1451KB）（151）       Save Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has shown great potential in myocardial imaging. AI algorithms achieve automatic segmentation and measurement of myocardial images thus optimizing the workflow. The quantitative features which characterized the pathological changes of myocardium were extracted through radiomics and deep learning techniques. These features may facilitate precise diagnosis and outcome prediction of ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. In this review, we will introduce the research progress of AI in myocardial imaging from several aspects: AI-assisted image analysis, diagnosis and outcome evaluation of cardiomyopathies. The limitations of AI in myocardial imaging will also be discussed. We hope this review may provide references for further clinical application research of AI in myocardial imaging. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 110-112.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0149 Abstract （798）      PDF（pc） （2326KB）（149）       Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the application of artificial intelligence in coronary computed tomography angiography Guyue ZHAO,Jin SHANG,Yang HOU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (12): 30-35.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2023.0795 Abstract （137）   HTML （6）    PDF（pc） （1479KB）（147）       Save With the increasingly widespread application of artificial intelligence in the field of medical imaging, its application in coronary artery CT angiography has shown great potential, which helps to improve image quality, optimize post-processing processes, assist disease detection, evaluate functional status, analyse prognosis, and other aspects. Meanwhile, there arise some problems, and the full inspection process should be further optimized to enhance its practicality and efficiency. This article reviews the research progress, existing problems, and future development of artificial intelligence in coronary artery CT angiography. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application status and research progress of knee arthroplasty surgical robot Hua QIAO,Huiwu LI Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (3): 29-36.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2022.1470 Abstract （579）   HTML （10）    PDF（pc） （1380KB）（143）       Save As a new technology, surgical robots can significantly improve the accuracy, efficiency and safety of knee arthroplasty. However, owing to the wide variety of surgical robots in the market, there is still no comprehensive evaluation of the application status and research progress. This article firstly introduces surgical robots used in the unicondylar knee arthroplasty, patellofemoral arthroplasty, and total knee arthroplasty, then analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, and finally discusses the shortcomings and proposes possible solutions, hoping to provide reference for the future development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography combined with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for pancreatic masses CHEN Gang, ZHANG Yanping, YE Leping, FU Chong, ZHOU Chunyan, ZHANG Shidong Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 68-73.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0038 Abstract （919）      PDF（pc） （481KB）（141）       Save Objective To explore the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography(CE-EUS)combined with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)for pancreatic cancer. Methods The clinical data of 175 patients with pancreatic space-occupying lesions treated during Jan. 2017 and Dec. 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the results of surgery and puncture pathology or follow-up data, 132 patients met the inclusion requirements, including 55 patients who received enhanced CT and/or enhanced MRI, 40 patients who received EUS examination, and 37 patients who received CE-EUS combined with EUS-FNA. The value of the three methods in the diagnosis of pancreatic masses were compared. Results The results of enhanced CT and/or enhanced MRI showed 13 benign cases and 42 malignant cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 79.49%(31/39), 56.25%(9/16), 81.58%(31/38), 52.94%(9/17), and 72.73%(40/55), respectively. EUS showed 13 benign cases and 27 malignant cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 80.00%(24/30), 60.00%(6/10), 85.71%(24/28), 50.00%(6/12), and 75.00%(30/40), respectively. CE-EUS combined with EUS-FNA showed 14 benign cases and 23 malignant cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 93.94%(31/33), 75.00%(3/4), 96.87%(31/32), 60.00%(3/5), and 91.89%(34/37), respectively. Pancreatic masses showed uneven spots or rod-like low enhancement mode under CE-EUS, and FNA in the low enhancement area could improve the positive rate of puncture. Conclusion CE-EUS combined with EUS-FNA can improve the diagnostic accuracy of pancreatic masses, which is worthy of clinical promotion. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Technical procedure of CT-guided intratumoral chemotherapy for lung tumor Mingyong HAN,Xiaoli YU,Fangping ZENG,Bing XIE,Lan LU,Jiaquan QU,Bifeng JIANG,Sihan TANG,Jie TAN,Jin LIANG,Longhui ZHONG,Liu WANG,Xuanzhi ZHAO Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (11): 11-19.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2023.0981 Abstract （176）   HTML （42）    PDF（pc） （6630KB）（139）       Save The incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer in China rank the first of all tumors. At present, there are many effective treatment methods, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and other local and systematic treatments. In recent years, intratumoral chemotherapy, which combines the advantages of local therapy and systemic therapy, has gradually become the focus. By using ultrasound, bronchoscope, ultrasonic bronchoscope, endoscopic ultrasonography or CT and other imaging and interventional modalities, chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin, carboplatin, mitomycin, paclitaxel liposomes, fluorouracil in stock or diluted solutions are directly injected into the cancer tissue through the puncture needle. Intratumoral chemotherapy can increase the concentration of chemotherapeutics in the tumor tissue, reduce the systemic toxicity and side effects, and improve the local control rate of cancers. We have carried out clinical application and exploratory research on intratumoral chemotherapy for lung cancer, liver metastasis and bone metastasis, and observed patients' benefits and primary efficacy. This paper will summarize the technical procedure of CT-guided intratumoral chemotherapy. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Da Vinci robotic resection of esophageal cancer in Qilu Hospital Hui TIAN,Wenbo YI,Shuhai LI Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2022, 60 (11): 28-32.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2022.0670 Abstract （751）      PDF（pc） （11861KB）（132）       Save Da Vinci Surgical System, an advanced robotic platform designed to perform complex surgical operations by minimally invasive methods, is currently the most widely used surgical robot throughout the world. The fourth-generation Da Vinci surgical robot system was put into use in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University on July 20, 2020. Professor Tian Hui, leader of the Department of Thoracic Surgery, successfully completed the first resection of esophageal cancer in Shandong Province using the system, created a world record of the shortest time for completing 100 cases of Da Vinci robot surgeries, and formulated the procedures of Qilu Artificial Intelligence Robotic Surgery. So far, Professor Tian has completed more than 1, 300 Da Vinci robotic surgeries, including more than 100 resections of esophageal cancer. This paper summarizes our clinical experience of the resection of esophageal cancer (McKeown operation) by Da Vinci robot, expecting to provide reference for colleagues in thoracic surgery. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Innovation and challenge of imaging artificial intelligence in medical field Ziliang XU,Minwen ZHENG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (12): 7-12, 20.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2023.0705 Abstract （124）   HTML （6）    PDF（pc） （1306KB）（132）       Save With the development of science and technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied in the medical imaging field gradually. However, the AI still faces many challenges. In this paper, the imaging application progress of AI in medical field will be reviewed from the aspect of tissue segmentation, auxiliary diagnosis of disease and clinical research, respectively, and the problems in them will also be pointed out. Finally, the challenges of imaging AI in medical field will be discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Related factors of osteoporosis in 210 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus LYU Li, JIANG Lu, CHEN Shihong, ZHUANG Xianghua, SONG Yuwen, WANG Dianhui, AN Wenjuan, LI Qian, PAN Zhe Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 19-25.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0633 Abstract （711）      PDF（pc） （812KB）（129）       Save Objective To investigate the related factors of osteoporosis(OP)in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and to analyze their predictive value. Methods A total of 337 postmenopausal women with T2DM were selected. According to the results of bone mineral density, the patients were divided into the OP group(n=210)and normal bone mass group(NBM group, n=127). The general data of the subjects were recorded, and indexes such as HbA1c, liver function, kidney function and blood lipid were detected. The bone mineral density was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The general data of the two groups were statistically analyzed. Logistics regression was used for multivariate analysis. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation among menopausal duration, age of menarche, age of menopause and other indicators. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn and the area under the curve(AUC)was calculated to evaluate the value of multivariate regression model in the diagnosis and prediction of OP. Results The age(P<0.001), duration of diabetes(P<0.001), age of menarche(P=0.001)and menopausal duration(P<0.001)in the OP group were higher or longer than those in NBM group, while the body mass index(BMI)in OP group was lower than that in NBM group(P=0.006). Binary Logistic regression results showed that age(OR=1.10, 95%CI=1.01-1.21, P=0.031), menopausal duration(OR=1.17, 95%CI=1.07-1.28, P<0.001), complicated nephropathy (OR=3.52, 95%CI=1.42-8.75, P=0.007)and calcium intake(OR=11.41, 95%CI=4.94-26.34, P<0.001)were risk factors for OP, while BMI(OR=0.86, 95%CI=0.78-0.95, P=0.002)and habitual exercise(OR=0.28, 95%CI=0.13-0.60, P<0.001)were protective factors. The AUC was 0.919; the optimal diagnostic cut-off value was 0.665; the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic efficacy were 81.3% and 89.8%, respectively. Conclusion Old age, long menopausal duration, complicated nephropathy, low BMI and lack of habitual exercise are the risk factors for OP in postmenopausal women with T2DM. The association between calcium intake and increased risk of OP may be related to the intentional increase in calcium intake. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances of artificial intelligence-based medical imaging in the screening, diagnosis and prediction of pneumonia Xiao LI,Zhiyuan SUN,Longjiang ZHANG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2023, 61 (12): 13-20.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2023.0803 Abstract （95）   HTML （4）    PDF（pc） （1839KB）（124）       Save Pneumonia has become the third leading cause of death in the world after ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, and is a major public health problem that seriously threatens human health. Early, rapid and accurate etiological diagnosis and risk prediction are the primary tasks in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of pneumonia. However, due to the heavy workload of radiologists and overlapping image manifestations of different types of pneumonia, timely, rapid, and accurate diagnosis and prediction is rather challenging. The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) in the imaging field offers hope for solving these clinical challenges. This paper reviews the latest research results of AI in the diagnosis of pneumonia, aiming to discuss the latest progress of AI system in the field of screening, diagnosis and prediction of pneumonia, and provide prospects in the field of pneumonia, so as to provide references for promoting reasonable optimization of clinical management of pneumonia patients in China and improving the level of intelligent diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes YU Shujuan, WANG Meijuan, CHEN Li, CAO Yingjuan LYU Xiaoyan, LIU Xueyan, LIN Peng, YAN Jingzheng Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2022, 60 (11): 108-112.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2022.0345 Abstract （516）      PDF（pc） （1029KB）（117）       Save Objective To analyze the influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, and to provide reference for the development of targeted intervention measures. Methods A total of 110 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were selected with convenience sampling method during Nov. and Dec. 2021, and divided into MCI group and non-MCI group. The influencing factors of MCI were analyzed with univariate and multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression. Results Of the 110 patients, 72(65.45%)had MCI. There were statistically significant differences in age, education level, monthly family income, duration of diabetes and blood glucose before bedtime between MCI group and non-MCI group(P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the monthly family income(OR=0.236, 95%CI: 0.096-0.581), duration of diabetes(OR=1.077, 95%CI: 1.005-1.154), and blood glucose before bedtime(OR=1.213, 95%CI: 1.030-1.428)were the influencing factors of MCI(P=0.002, P=0.036, P=0.020). Conclusion The prevalence of MCI in patients with type 2 diabetes is high. Low family monthly income, long course of diabetes and high blood glucose before bedtime may increase the risk of MCI and should arouse attention. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation among personality traits and depression, anxiety symptoms in patients after colorectal cancer resection SUN Fuyun, WANG Weipeng, ZHANG Huihui, GENG Yan, AN Xiaoxia, LI Shuangshuang, ZHANG Binbin Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 91-96.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0168 Abstract （959）      PDF（pc） （445KB）（114）       Save Objective To explore the correlation among personality traits and depression, anxiety symptoms in patients after colorectal cancer resection. Methods Totally 162 patients with colorectal cancer hospitalized in Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from Feb. to Dec. 2018 were assessed before discharge with General Condition Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and Lifestyle Self-Rating Scale, to measure the general condition, depression and anxiety symptoms, extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism, personality stability, and health condition of living style. Data collected were analyzed with multiple linear regression. Results Depression and anxiety symptoms were reported by 37.0% and 40.2% patients, respectively. Multiple linear regression suggested that extraversion was negatively correlated with depression(β=-0.492, P<0.001)and anxiety symptoms(β=-0.336, P<0.001), while neuroticism was positively correlated with depression(β=0.166, P=0.016)and anxiety symptoms(β=0.345, P<0.001). Conclusion The positive rates of the depression and anxiety symptoms are high in patients after colorectal cancer resection. Extroversion is negatively correlated with depression and anxiety symptoms, while neuroticism is positively correlated with depression and anxiety symptoms. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2022, 60 (3): 117-120.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0818 Abstract （634）      PDF（pc） （11397KB）（105）       Save Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of bedside lung ultrasonography and lung ultrasonography score in the diagnosis and treatment of 70 cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome LIU Xiao, GUO Xinyuan, ZHANG Dejian, LI Qi, LI Ning, XUE Jiang Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 50-56.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2020.1715 Abstract （802）      PDF（pc） （3158KB）（100）       Save Objective To investigate the effects of bedside lung ultrasonography(LUS)and LUS scores on diagnosing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS)and evaluating the pharmacological effects of pulmonary surfactant(PS). Methods A total of 70 neonates who were diagnosed with NRDS were allocated to the observation group, while the other 70 without lung diseases were allocated to the control group. The chest surface reflection was divided to 12 zones. NRDS signs in LUS and LUS scores were recorded. Bedside LUS was performed before PS treatment in the observation group, while LUS was performed after enrollment in the control group. The LUS results between two groups were compared to evaluate the diagnostic value of LUS in NRDS neonates. A total of 60 newborns in the observation group who need PS underwent another bedside LUS examination at 12 h after PS application. NRDS signs in LUS and LUS scores were compared before and after PS application, and the blood gas analysis and chest X-ray results were also compared. The role of LUS in the therapeutic effect of PS was also evaluated. Results The detection rate of NRDS signs in LUS and LUS score in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.001). LUS score showed a high sensitivity(98.57%)and specificity(100%)in the diagnosis of NRDS, and it predicted the use of PS in neonates with NRDS with a high sensitivity(90.00%)and specificity(90.00%). NRDS signs in the observation group reduced significantly 12 h after PS application than before, and LUS scores also decreased(P<0.001). Conclusion Bedside LUS is accurate and reliable in diagnosis of NRDS. The effects of PS can be accurately evaluated by real-time bedside LUS and LUS scores. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construct of a risk assessment model of breast cancer immune-related lncRNAs based on the database information LI Wanwan, ZHOU Wenkai, DONG Shuqing, HE Shiqing, LIU Zhao, ZHANG Jiaxin, LIU Bin Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 74-84.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0002 Abstract （952）      PDF（pc） （10305KB）（96）       Save Objective To screen the immune-related long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)in breast cancer, construct a breast cancer prognostic risk assessment model, and explore the prognostic factors. Methods The sequencing data, clinical information and immune gene set of breast cancer patients from the official websites of UCSC Xena(https://xena.ucsc.edu/), TCGA, and immport(https://www.immport.org/home)were downloaded. The data were sorted and cleaned, and finally breast cancer immune-related lncRNA expression matrix and clinical information were got. Univariate Cox regression analysis and Multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to screen out lncRNAs related to prognosis, so as to construct a prognostic risk score. According to the median risk score, the patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier(K-M)survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and independent prognostic factor evaluation were used to evaluate the model. Combined with other clinical factors and risk scores of breast cancer, a nomogram was drawn to predict the individual survival rate of breast cancer patients. Results Ten immune-related lncRNAs were determined to construct a risk scoring model. The high-risk group had a poorer prognosis compared with the low-risk group. Risk score could be used as an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer. The C-index(CI)of the nomogram was 0.751. The calibration chart showed that the predicted value was in good agreement with the actual observation value. Conclusion A risk scoring model composed of 10 immune-related lncRNAs can be used to assess the prognosis of the breast cancer patients, and the corresponding nomogram can further predict the survival rate. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics