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SARS-CoV-2 infection, innate immunity and inflammatory response Xi ZHOU,Muhan HUANG,Yujie REN,Yang QIU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 15-21.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0368 Abstract （3187）   HTML （188）    PDF（pc） （1512KB）（952）       Save Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become the worst pandemic and public health crisis across the globe once a century. This pandemic has caused huge losses in both human lives and global economy. Innate immunity is the first line of defense against pathogenic invasions. Extensive studies by scientists in China and the world have reported that SARS-CoV-2 can employ multiple strategies to evade host innate immunity, and such immune evasion mechanisms have become critical contributing factors for the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2. On the other hand, the pathogenesis of COVID-19 has been found to be closely relevant with the pro-inflammatory responses induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. This paper provides a brief review to the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and innate immunity as well as inflammation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status and prospect of viral vaccines research and development Kai WANG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 8-14.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0273 Abstract （3003）   HTML （172）    PDF（pc） （1285KB）（1229）       Save Virus infection can cause several diseases in human. In the past decades, outbreaks and epidemics of respiratory infectious diseases caused by coronary viruses, especially coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have become serious health hazards and posed huge challenges to public health. The development and application of viral vaccines have been an important means to counteract the spread of viruses. Historically, poliovirus and hepatitis B virus vaccines have successfully suppressed the transmission of diseases and provided a model for the development of vaccines. Recently, the emergence of novel technologies and platforms such as recombinant viral vector and mRNA vaccine has provided new approaches to the development of vaccines against emerging infectious diseases including COVID-19. This paper reviews the current situation and progress of platforms, summarizes problems to be solved, and forecasts the directions of viral vaccines development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prevention and control of emerging viral infectious diseases and biosafety Hongling WEN,Xiaoying XU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 40-45.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0308 Abstract （2130）   HTML （77）    PDF（pc） （1430KB）（816）       Save In recent years, the frequent occurrences of emerging infectious diseases, especially the interspecies transmission of animal-borne viruses, have brought immense challenges to the prevention and control of infectious diseases and biosafety, such as laboratory biosafety, frontier port biosafety and dual-use biotechnology. Currently the international biosafety situation is serious, characterized with internationalization, extreme harm and complicated development. Biosafety has become a major issue endangering national security, which has aroused great concern about virology and biological threats. In this paper, the occurrence, prevention and control of emerging viral infectious diseases and the status quo of biosafety in basic research were reviewed, various problems were summarized, and the future development of biosafety was prospected. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Value of double-phase enhancement CT scan in the differential diagnosis of 182 benign and malignant thyroid nodules XIA Xiaona, HUANG Zhaodi, REN Qingguo, LIU Feng, DENG He, REN Guorong, DUAN Jiandong, WANG Shaoyu Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 57-62.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0266 Abstract （2059）      PDF（pc） （2352KB）（59）       Save Objective To evaluate the value of double-phase enhancement CT scan in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Methods The CT data of 182 nodules confirmed by histology in 175 patients were retrospectively analyzed, including 60 benign nodules and 122 malignant nodules. The shape, density, location, CT difference between thyroid and nodules(ΔCT)and reinforcement type were evaluated between the benign and malignant groups. Univariate and multivariate dichotomous Logistic regression were performed to evaluate the OR value of CT features of benign and malignant nodules, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were compared between the two groups. Results There were significant differences in the shape(χ2=50.661, P<0.001), density(χ2=60.042, P<0.001), location(χ2=48.916, P<0.001)and ΔCT value(χ2=45.647, P<0.001)between benign and malignant nodules, but there was no significant difference in reinforcement type(χ2=1.586, P=0.434). The area under the ROC curve was 0.899 for the combined prediction probability of four positive signs. When the prediction probability was 0.711, the Youden Index reached its maximum value, and the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing malignant nodules were 0.869 and 0.783, respectively. Conclusion CT double-phase enhanced scan is of great value in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Combination of multiple CT signs can improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Causal influence of lung function on risk of fatality of COVID-19: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study YANG Xuan, LI Yanzhi, MA Wei, JIA Chongqi Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 104-111.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0241 Abstract （1867）      PDF（pc） （15618KB）（404）       Save Objective To investigate whether lung function was causally associated with risk of fatality of COVID-19 based on a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Methods This two-sample Mendelian randomization study used summary-level datasets of genome-wide association studies(GWAS)of forced vital capacity(FVC)and risk of fatality of COVID-19 from the UK Biobank. Inverse-variance weighted(IVW), MR-Egger regression, and weighted median estimator(WME)were conducted to investigate the association of lung function with risk of fatality of COVID-19, in which the OR values were used as indicators. Results A total of 287 single nucleotide polymorphisms were enrolled as instrumental variables. Statistically significant directional pleiotropy was not found(P=0.107). IVW regression demonstrated that per 1 elevated SD of FVC resulted in decreasing 62% of fatality risk in COVID-19 patients(OR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.18-0.80). MR-Egger regression also obtained a similar effect(OR=0.08, 95%CI: 0.01-0.61). WME analysis showed no significant association of FVC with risk of fatality of COVID-19(OR=0.44, 95%CI: 0.14-1.42). Conclusion Lung function might be negatively related to risk of fatality of COVID-19. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expressions of DNA methyltransferases in gastric cancer and their clinical significance CHU Yan, LIU Duanrui, ZHU Wenshuai, FAN Rong, MA Xiaoli, WANG Yunshan, JIA Yanfei Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 1-9.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0055 Abstract （1379）      PDF（pc） （8641KB）（486）       Save Objective To investigate the expressions of DNA methyltransferases(DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B)in gastric cancer and its correlation with the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of gastric cancer. Methods Based on TCGA and GEO data, the differences in DNA methyltransferases expressions were compared between gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues; the effects of DNA methyltransferases on the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier plotter; the relationship between DNA methyltransferases and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed; the biological function of DNMT3B was explored with gene enrichment analysis(GSEA)binding protein interaction network. The mechanism of DNMT3B elevation in the progression of gastric cancer was also analyzed. Results The expressions of three DNA methyltransferases in gastric cancer tissues were higher than those in adjacent normal tissues; survival analysis showed that patients with high expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B had shorter overall survival; DNMT3B expression was related to the histological type, and was high in intestinal type gastric cancer; Helicobacter pylori infection promoted the expression of DNMT3B; DNMT3B promoted the progression of gastric cancer by affecting the methylation of BUB1 and HDAC2. Conclusion DNA methyltransferases are highly expressed in gastric cancer. DNMT3B is a prognostic indicator of gastric cancer and may be a biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Zika virus infection and disease Jing AN,Zhengran SONG,Zida ZHEN,Yanhua WU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 22-29.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0332 Abstract （1365）   HTML （29）    PDF（pc） （1868KB）（277）       Save Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus in the family Flaviviridae, which is the pathogen of ZIKV disease (ZVD). First identified in 1947, ZIKV caused sporadic infections in human. However, since 2007, ZIKV infections have spread around the world and caused severe neurological complications such as microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Notably, ZIKV can be sexually transmitted and affect male reproductive health. The World Health Organization declared in February 2016 ZIKV to be an international public health emergency. This paper provides a brief review to ZIKV epidemiology and ZVD complications. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on factors influencing the protective effects of influenza vaccines Yuelong SHU,Simin WEN Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 1-7.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0319 Abstract （1125）   HTML （33）    PDF（pc） （1140KB）（656）       Save Annual vaccination is the best prevention of influenza. However, the protective effects of influenza vaccines currently used are poor due to variation of influenza viruses. The protective effects can also be affected by other factors including the genetic factor, and it is important to fully identify these related factors. In this paper, we briefly summarized the factors that may influence the protective effects of influenza vaccines from the aspects of the matching degree of circulating strains and vaccine strains, vaccine factors and host factors, and proposed the development direction of new influenza vaccines in the future. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic characteristics of H10 subtype avian influenza virus in three southern provinces of China Xiaoxu ZENG,Heng ZHANG,Ming JIAO,Tao CHEN,Xiyan LI,Weijuan HUANG,Jing YANG,Dayan WANG Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 52-59.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0220 Abstract （1094）   HTML （5）    PDF（pc） （9707KB）（250）       Save Objective: To explore the genetic characteristics of avian influenza virus (AIVs) between 2014 and 2019 in three southern provinces of China. Methods: A total of 30 231 environment samples isolated from Jiangxi, Hunan and Guangxi provinces from 2014 to 2019 were tested for flu A with real-time RT-PCR. If the testing results were positive, the samples were propagated in SPF chicken embryonated eggs. All positive AIVs isolations were sequenced. CLC, CD-HIT, MAFFT v7.037 and MEGA v6.06 software were used to analyze the influenza sequences. Results: Altogether 11 H10 subtype AIVs were isolated. Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that all genes were classified into Eurasian lineage, except 3 N8 genes in the North American lineage. JX24472 had close relationship with human infection H10N8 AIVs in its HA segment. The internal genome of 5 H10N3 subtype AIVs isolated from Jiangxi Province suggested their genome were diverse and complex. Molecular characteristic analysis of H10 subtype AIVs revealed that several mutations in key amino acid sites were associated with receptor binding sites, pathogenicity in mice and transmissibility in mammals. Conclusion: Phylogenetic analyses of the 11 H10 subtype AIVs isolated in this research suggested that they were in different clade with human infected H10N8 AIVs, except JX24472. Whereas the amino acid characterization analysis suggested that these H10 subtype viruses had the potential to infect human or poultry to make them sick. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the continuous surveillance of H10 subtype AIVs and prepare for the next potential pandemic. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances on risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of Kümmell's disease Haipeng SI,Wencan ZHANG,Le LI,Xin ZHOU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (6): 25-32.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0052 Abstract （1085）   HTML （28）    PDF（pc） （918KB）（303）       Save Kümmell's disease is post-traumatic delayed vertebral compression fracture that occurs on the basis of severe osteoporosis. Failure to pay attention or improper treatment may cause kyphosis and severe neurological symptoms, which will have a huge blow on patients' quality of life and cause a heavy family burden. With the aging of population and improvement of medical standards, the incidence and diagnosis rate of Kümmell's disease have been increasing. New technologies of diagnosis and treatment are also emerging. This article summarizes the development, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical stage, treatment options of Kümmell's disease so as to provide guidance for clinicians. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic characteristics and molecular variation of human rhinovirus genetype B83 in Jinan Huailong ZHAO,Yan LYU,Hong ZHAO,Baotian ZHAO,Ying HAN,Jing PAN,Xiaoman DING,Chunrong WANG,Xiuyun HAN,Lanzheng LIU Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 68-72, 81.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0265 Abstract （1038）   HTML （4）    PDF（pc） （1198KB）（252）       Save Objective: To analyze the genetic characteristics and molecular variation of human rhinovirus (HRV) identified in Jinan, 2020. Methods: The samples collected form influenza-like illness were tested by realtime RT-PCR and the HRV nucleic acid positive sample was sequenced with metagenome sequencing technology. Molecular variation and phylogenetic trees of VP4/VP2 coding region were analyzed using the softwares Lasergene 7.1 and MEGA 5.2. Results: The 7 219 nt complete genome sequence of JN909 was obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of VP4/VP2 coding region on HRV positive strain agreed with the serotype HRV B83. The JN909 was genetically closed to the SC0340 strain found in Seattle City of USA (GenBank accession number: MN306025), with a nucleotide similarity of 98.5% and deduced amino acid similarity of 99.7% of ORF, and there were 6 sites mutation between stains, in which substitutions A23T and P275L sites were located in VP1. Conclusion: There is a high homology between JN909 and SC0340 strains, and only 6 sites amino acid mutations occurs. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comprehensive teaching reform and exploration of Medical Statistics under the guidance of “student-centered” concept LIU Jing, YUAN Zhongshang, LI Xiujun, SUN Xiubin, MA Xufei, ZHAO Xiulan Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 119-124.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0216 Abstract （1034）      PDF（pc） （492KB）（180）       Save Objective To carry out comprehensive teaching reform and practice in view of the widespread anxiety and negative attitudes among medical students in studying Medical Statistics in order to improve the teaching effects of this course. Methods Teachers enhanced their level of educational theories. Adhering to moral education value orientation and based on “student-centered” idea and the cognitive law of “practice-theory-practice”, the team carried out empirical research on students psychological problems in learning, helped students overcome learning barriers, modulated teaching practice with the research results, and then conducted out a comprehensive teaching reform of “idea promotion, reform practice and effect evaluation” on the course of Medical Statistics. Results Teachers theoretical level and teaching skills were improved, and students interests in learning and innovation were enhanced. Students attitudes towards this course became positive, their anxiety was alleviated, and their course performance was significantly improved. As a result, the teaching objectives were effectively achieved. Conclusion This reform is a successful attempt to implement the “student-centered” concept into teaching practice, which provides valuable experience and a new direction for the teaching reform of Medical Statistics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation among personality traits and depression, anxiety symptoms in patients after colorectal cancer resection SUN Fuyun, WANG Weipeng, ZHANG Huihui, GENG Yan, AN Xiaoxia, LI Shuangshuang, ZHANG Binbin Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 91-96.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0168 Abstract （962）      PDF（pc） （445KB）（115）       Save Objective To explore the correlation among personality traits and depression, anxiety symptoms in patients after colorectal cancer resection. Methods Totally 162 patients with colorectal cancer hospitalized in Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from Feb. to Dec. 2018 were assessed before discharge with General Condition Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and Lifestyle Self-Rating Scale, to measure the general condition, depression and anxiety symptoms, extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism, personality stability, and health condition of living style. Data collected were analyzed with multiple linear regression. Results Depression and anxiety symptoms were reported by 37.0% and 40.2% patients, respectively. Multiple linear regression suggested that extraversion was negatively correlated with depression(β=-0.492, P<0.001)and anxiety symptoms(β=-0.336, P<0.001), while neuroticism was positively correlated with depression(β=0.166, P=0.016)and anxiety symptoms(β=0.345, P<0.001). Conclusion The positive rates of the depression and anxiety symptoms are high in patients after colorectal cancer resection. Extroversion is negatively correlated with depression and anxiety symptoms, while neuroticism is positively correlated with depression and anxiety symptoms. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Gn stimulation duration on pregnancy outcome of IVF-ET in long GnRHa protocol WU Xiaolin, LI Ping Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 32-37.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2020.1671 Abstract （958）      PDF（pc） （483KB）（155）       Save Objective To investigate the effect of the duration of gonadotropin(Gn)in the controlled ovarian hyper stimulation(COH)cycle on the number of eggs obtained, embryo development, and pregnancy outcome in those with good ovarian response, and to analyze the possible factors that contributed to the prolongation of Gn use. Methods A total of 3 054 patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET)were divided into groups A, B, and C according to the days of Gn use(group A: Gn days≤7 d; group B: 8 d ≤Gn days ≤11 d; group C: Gn days ≥12 d).The baseline data, COH and pregnancy outcomes were compared. The possible factors leading to the prolongation of Gn use were analyzed with Logistics regression. Results The highest BMI and FSH levels were found in group C(P=0.001), while the lowest AMH and AFC levels were found in group C(P=0.022, 0.002). The Gn starting dose, total Gn dose and downregulation days in group A were the least among the three groups(P<0.001). There were no significant differences among the three groups in indicators related to COH treatment and pregnancy outcomes(P=0.86, 0.57, 0.91, 0.64). Logistics regression showed that higher BMI and Gn starting dose were risk factors of prolonged Gn use, while higher AMH and AFC, lower FSH level and shorter downregulation days were protective factors of prolonged Gn use. Conclusion The duration of Gn use has no significant effect on the pregnancy outcomes of IVF-ET. Higher BMI and Gn starting dose can significantly prolong Gn use, while higher AMH and AFC, lower FSH level and shorter downregulation days can significantly shorten Gn use. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construct of a risk assessment model of breast cancer immune-related lncRNAs based on the database information LI Wanwan, ZHOU Wenkai, DONG Shuqing, HE Shiqing, LIU Zhao, ZHANG Jiaxin, LIU Bin Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 74-84.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0002 Abstract （958）      PDF（pc） （10305KB）（96）       Save Objective To screen the immune-related long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)in breast cancer, construct a breast cancer prognostic risk assessment model, and explore the prognostic factors. Methods The sequencing data, clinical information and immune gene set of breast cancer patients from the official websites of UCSC Xena(https://xena.ucsc.edu/), TCGA, and immport(https://www.immport.org/home)were downloaded. The data were sorted and cleaned, and finally breast cancer immune-related lncRNA expression matrix and clinical information were got. Univariate Cox regression analysis and Multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to screen out lncRNAs related to prognosis, so as to construct a prognostic risk score. According to the median risk score, the patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier(K-M)survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and independent prognostic factor evaluation were used to evaluate the model. Combined with other clinical factors and risk scores of breast cancer, a nomogram was drawn to predict the individual survival rate of breast cancer patients. Results Ten immune-related lncRNAs were determined to construct a risk scoring model. The high-risk group had a poorer prognosis compared with the low-risk group. Risk score could be used as an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer. The C-index(CI)of the nomogram was 0.751. The calibration chart showed that the predicted value was in good agreement with the actual observation value. Conclusion A risk scoring model composed of 10 immune-related lncRNAs can be used to assess the prognosis of the breast cancer patients, and the corresponding nomogram can further predict the survival rate. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reliability and validity of Co-rumination Questionnaire in 1 354 college nursing students ZHANG Yunxue, XIE Zihui, LYU Gaorong, SHEN Shiyu, LI Ping Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 85-90.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0039 Abstract （941）      PDF（pc） （594KB）（246）       Save Objective To assess co-rumination of college nursing students, translate the English version of Co-rumination Questionnaire(CRQ)into Chinese and revise it, and evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Methods After translating the English version of CRQ with the permission of the author of the original English scale, totally 1 354 nursing students completed the Chinese version of CRQ for investigating co-rumination in which individuals excessively discussed personal problems within a dyadic relationship. Then the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of CRQ were tested. Results The simplified Chinese version of 9-item Co-rumination Questionnaire(CRQ-9)was obtained. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fitting degree of the single-dimensional model was good, with χ2/df and root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA)being 2.584 and 0.048, respectively, and goodness-of-fit index(GFI), adjusted goodness-of-fit index(AGFI), comparative fit index(CFI), incremental fit index(IFI), and Tacker-Lewis index(TLI)being more than 0.900. The score of CRQ-9 was positively correlated with anxiety, depression, perspective taking and personal distress(r=0.195-0.315, all P<0.001). Cronbach α coefficient was 0.875 and Guttman split-half reliability was 0. 899(P<0.01). Conclusion The single factor structure of CRQ-9 is consistent with the original scale and CRQ-9 has good reliability and validity, and can be generalized to evaluate co-rumination of Chinese college nursing students. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of social capital on health promotion behaviors of the elderly WANG Xin, GUO Dan, LIANG Jiarui, GUO Li, WANG Jian Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 97-103.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0023 Abstract （935）      PDF（pc） （530KB）（391）       Save Objective To Explore the influence of social capital on the health promotion behavior of the elderly, and provide scientific basis for improving the health promotion behavior level of the elderly and improving their health status. Methods In March 2019, through a multi-stage stratified random sampling method, using self-designed general situation questionnaires, social capital questionnaires, and the revised Chinese version of the Health Promotion Lifestyle Rating Scale(HPLP-IIR), a questionnaire survey was conducted among 356 community elderly over 60 years old in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. The data were analyzed by t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation and multiple stepwise regression methods. Results The health promotion lifestyle score of the elderly in Taiyuan community was 108.84±33.43, which was in a good level. The differences in health promotion behaviors of the elderly with different gender, income status and education level were statistically significant(all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the social capital and its dimensions of the elderly were positively correlated with health promotion behaviors and its dimensions(r=0.102-0.424, all P<0.05). The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that gender(β=0.107), income status(β=0.194), social connection(β=0.319), and social control(β=0.175)were influencing factors of health-promoting behaviors, accounting for 23.2% of the variance in health-promoting behaviors. Conclusion By increasing the level of social capital of the elderly, their health promotion behaviors can be significantly improved. Among them, social connection and social control show a strong positive effect. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography combined with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for pancreatic masses CHEN Gang, ZHANG Yanping, YE Leping, FU Chong, ZHOU Chunyan, ZHANG Shidong Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 68-73.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0038 Abstract （927）      PDF（pc） （481KB）（141）       Save Objective To explore the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography(CE-EUS)combined with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)for pancreatic cancer. Methods The clinical data of 175 patients with pancreatic space-occupying lesions treated during Jan. 2017 and Dec. 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the results of surgery and puncture pathology or follow-up data, 132 patients met the inclusion requirements, including 55 patients who received enhanced CT and/or enhanced MRI, 40 patients who received EUS examination, and 37 patients who received CE-EUS combined with EUS-FNA. The value of the three methods in the diagnosis of pancreatic masses were compared. Results The results of enhanced CT and/or enhanced MRI showed 13 benign cases and 42 malignant cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 79.49%(31/39), 56.25%(9/16), 81.58%(31/38), 52.94%(9/17), and 72.73%(40/55), respectively. EUS showed 13 benign cases and 27 malignant cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 80.00%(24/30), 60.00%(6/10), 85.71%(24/28), 50.00%(6/12), and 75.00%(30/40), respectively. CE-EUS combined with EUS-FNA showed 14 benign cases and 23 malignant cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 93.94%(31/33), 75.00%(3/4), 96.87%(31/32), 60.00%(3/5), and 91.89%(34/37), respectively. Pancreatic masses showed uneven spots or rod-like low enhancement mode under CE-EUS, and FNA in the low enhancement area could improve the positive rate of puncture. Conclusion CE-EUS combined with EUS-FNA can improve the diagnostic accuracy of pancreatic masses, which is worthy of clinical promotion. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk factors influencing prognosis of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in pregnant and parturient women CHEN Liyu, XIAO Juan, LYU Xianzhong, DUAN Baomin, HONG Fanzhen Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (7): 38-42.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0482 Abstract （917）      PDF（pc） （440KB）（202）       Save Objective To investigate the risk factors affecting the prognosis of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)in pregnant and parturient women. Methods Clinical data of 37 pregnant women with DVT who underwent obstetric examination and delivered in The Second Hospital of Shandong University during Dec. 2015 and Jan. 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to thrombus status, the subjects were divided into two groups: thrombus disappearance group(n=13)and thrombus residue group(n=24). Independent sample t test, rank sum test(Mann-Whitney U test)and χ2 test were used for univariate analysis of clinical characteristics, laboratory indicators and VTE risk factors score of the two groups. Results The D-dimer was 1 340.50(659.00, 2 447.75)ng/mL in the thrombus disappearance group, and 3 105.00(1 709.50, 6 146.00)ng/mL in the thrombus reside group(P=0.009). VTE risk factors score was 3.31±1.11 in the thrombus disappearance group and 4.96±1.94 in the thrombus residue group(P=0.002). The number of cases complicated with preeclampsia during pregnancy was 0 case(0%)in the thrombus disappearance group and 6 cases(25%)in the thrombus residue group(P=0.038). Conclusion High score of VTE risk factors, complicated preeclampsia and high concentration of D-dimer are the risk factors for residual thrombus in pregnant and maternal DVT patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current progress on prevention of mother to child transmission of hepatitis B virus Yuchen FAN Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences)    2021, 59 (5): 46-51,67.   DOI: 10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2021.0262 Abstract （902）   HTML （19）    PDF（pc） （1386KB）（359）       Save Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public threat, which leads to chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis, liver cancer and liver failure. Mother to child transmission is one of the main ways of HBV transmission. It is of great significance to block the mother to child transmission of HBV through effective intervention to reduce the infection rate of HBV and reduce the burden of HBV related diseases. With the continuous development of China's economy and medical level, measures to prevent mother to child transmission of HBV are constantly improved, which greatly reduces the prevalence of HBV in China. This article summarizes the clinical guidelines and norms for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HBV in China, and summarizes the hot issues and related progress in this field. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics