从精准评估到整合干预:儿童青少年心理健康问题诊疗范式的革新与展望

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2026.0182

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 当前我国儿童青少年心理健康问题的复杂性、慢性化及低龄化趋势对传统的诊疗模式构成了严峻挑战。本文立足于我国心理健康服务体系现状,系统探讨儿童青少年心理健康诊疗模式由单一、模糊方式向精准评估和整合干预转变的必要性及可行途径。重点论述了构建涵盖生物、心理与社会多维度信息的综合评估体系在实现个体化干预中的基础性作用,并在“生物-心理-社会”医学模型框架下,深入分析整合药物治疗、循证心理治疗、神经调控干预及社会环境支持的协同干预方案。生活方式因素、营养与代谢状态等可调节生物学指标,正逐步成为精准评估与干预决策中的重要补充维度。结合近年来神经调控技术在儿童青少年人群中的探索性研究进展,本文进一步阐述其在整合干预体系中的潜在价值与应用边界,剖析当前面临的现实挑战,并对构建一体化、全程化服务体系的未来方向提出建设性展望,以期为我国儿童青少年心理健康诊疗模式的优化提供参考。

关键词: 儿童青少年, 精准评估, 整合干预, 诊疗模式

Abstract: The increasing complexity, chronicity, and earlier age of onset of mental health disorders among children and adolescents in China pose substantial challenges to traditional diagnostic and therapeutic models. This review examines the current landscape of mental health services in China and systematically explores the necessity and feasible pathways for transitioning from fragmented and nonspecific approaches toward precision assessment and integrated intervention. It underscores the foundational role of a comprehensive evaluation system that integrates biological, psychological, and social dimensions in facilitating individualized interventions. Within the biopsychosocial framework, we provide an in-depth analysis of synergistic intervention strategies integrating pharmacotherapy, evidence-based psychotherapies, neuromodulation techniques, and socio-environmental support. Modifiable biological indicators, including lifestyle factors, nutritional status, and metabolic profiles, are increasingly recognized as important complementary components in precision assessment and clinical decision-making. Drawing on recent exploratory studies of neuromodulation in children and adolescents, this review further discusses their potential clinical value and limitations within an integrated intervention framework. We also analyze current practical challenges and propose a forward-looking framework for building a unified and continuous service system. This approach aims to provide strategic insights for optimizing diagnostic and therapeutic models for child and adolescent mental health in China.

Key words: Children and adolescents, Precision assessment, Integrated intervention, Diagnostic and therapeutic model

中图分类号:

R749.94

况利,徐何雁. 从精准评估到整合干预:儿童青少年心理健康问题诊疗范式的革新与展望[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2026, 64(3): 10-16.

KUANG Li, XU Heyan. From precision assessment to integrated intervention: innovations and future perspectives in the diagnostic and therapeutic paradigm for child and adolescent mental health disorders[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2026, 64(3): 10-16.

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