关键词: 妊娠和分娩；盆底功能；压力性尿失禁；盆腔脏器脱垂；影响因素

Abstract:

Objective   To explore the effects of pregnancy and childbirth on  postpartum early pelvic floor function and the occurrence of pelvic floor dysfunction  disease（PFD）. Methods   A total of 568 full-term primipara, who had the follow-up at 6~8 weeks after delivery were included. Test pelvic floor muscle strength, fatigue strength and pelvic floor pressure by digital vaginal palpation and equipment to explore pelvic floor function; general questionnaires and pelvic organ prolapse quantitive examination (POPQ) scoring were used to know early postpartum PFD and influencing factors. Results   The normal rate of typeⅠand typeⅡ-muscle fiber strength was 29.40% and 33.10%; the normal rate of fatigue strength was 52.82% and 89.08%; the normal rate of pelvic floor pressure was 72.54%. There were no significant difference between the different delivery groups（P>0.05）. The incidence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in pregnancy was 27.82 %. There was no significant difference between the different delivery groups（P>0.05）.The incontinence of SUI, vaginal anterior and posterior prolapse , uterine prolapse at 6~8 weeks after delivery was respectively 9.86%, 79.40%, 21.13%, 12.50% .And the incontinence was vaginal delivery group>cesarean section group, with significant difference between them（P<0.05）. It showed that vaginal delivery, lateral episiotomy and newborn birth weight（≥4000g）were risk factors of postpartum SUI and POP.  SUI during pregnancy was also the risk factor of postpartum SUI. Conclusion   Pregnancy and childbirth make pelvic floor function decline and postpartum SUI and POP appear, which should be paid attention to early.

Key words: Pregnancy and childbirth; Pelvic floor function; Stress urinary incontinence; Pelvic organ prolapse; Influencing factors