西安市新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情分析

doi:10.6040/j.issn.1671-7554.0.2020.0674

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析西安市新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情的流行特征,为疫情防控提供参考依据。方法从西安市卫生健康委员会和陕西省卫生健康委员会官方网站收集西安市COVID-19疫情病例个案信息资料,采用Wilcoxon秩和检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验及描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果截至2020年3月31日西安市累计报告COVID-19确诊病例125例,其中男67例,女58例,13~89岁,平均(48.23±15.94)岁,35~54岁55例(44%)。含输入性病例52例,本地续发病例73例;流行病学史明确者117例,接触史不明者8例;死亡3例。共报告聚集性疫情23起涉及病例89例,其中家庭聚集性疫情13起(56.52%),涉及病例38例(42.70%)。报告病例数居全市前3位区县依次是雁塔区(29例)、新城区(20例)和莲湖区(16例)。流行曲线显示前两次疫情高峰分别出现在1月28日(11例)和1月31日(10例)。病例从发病到首诊时间1.0(0.5,3.0)d,从首诊到确诊时间4.0(3.0,6.5)d,从发病到确诊时间7.0(4.0,10.0)d。输入病例和续发病例从首诊到确诊时间差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.107,P=0.035);首诊前服药和未服药病例从发病到确诊时间差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.690,P=0.007)。结论西安市COVID-19 疫情可分为外省市输入病例、本地续发病例和境外输入病例三个阶段,以家庭聚集性发病为主要流行特征。输入病例比续发病例更早确诊,首诊前是否服药可影响COVID-19确诊。防止境外病例输入是目前西安市疫情防控的重点。

关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎, 流行病学特征, 家庭聚集性

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Xian, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control measures. Methods Data of COVID-19 cases were collected from the official website of Xian Health Commission and Shaanxi Province Health Commission, and analyzed with descriptive epidemiological analysis, Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results Totally 125 cases(67 male and 58 female)were reported as of March 31. The average age of patients was(48.23±15.94, range 13-89)years, and those aged 35-54 years accounted for 44.00%(55/125). There were 52 imported cases and 73 local secondary cases, 117 of which had clear sources of infection while 8 cases had not. Death occurred in 3 cases. Altogether 23 cluster outbreaks were reported, involving 89 cases, among which 13(56.52%)were family clusters involving 38 cases(42.70%). The top three districts with reported cases were Yanta(29 cases), Xincheng(20 cases)and Lianhu(16 cases). Epidemic curve showed two peaks on Jan. 28(11 cases)and Jan. 31(10 cases), 2020. The median days were 1.0(0.5, 3.0)d from onset to the first visit, 4.0(3.0,6.5)d from the first visit to diagnosis, and 7.0(4.0,10.0)d from onset to diagnosis. There were significant differences in the days from the first visit to diagnosis between imported cases and local secondary cases(Z=-2.107, P=0.035), and in the days from onset to diagnosis between the cases who took medications and who did not take medications before the first visit(Z=-2.690, P=0.007). Conclusion The epidemic curve of COVID-19 in Xian could be divided into 3 phases: imported cases from other provinces, local secondary cases and imported cases from abroad. Family cluster was an important characteristic of COVID-19 in Xian. Imported cases could be diagnosed earlier than local secondary cases. Self-treatment before the first visit could affect the laboratory confirmation of COVID-19. Preventing imported cases from abroad is still the focus of future efforts.

Key words: Coronavirus disease 2019, Epidemiological characteristic, Family cluster

中图分类号:

R181.3

张辉, 宋姝璇, 刘继锋, 贺真, 邵中军, 刘昆. 西安市新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情分析[J]. 山东大学学报 (医学版), 2020, 58(10): 89-94.

ZHANG Hui, SONG Shuxuan, LIU Jifeng, HE Zhen, SHAO Zhongjun, LIU Kun. Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Xi’an city[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020, 58(10): 89-94.

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